Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histologic, histochemical, and histoenzymatic investigations of nine cases of Omenn's disease showed generalized lymphoid depletion, including B cells and all T-cell subpopulations; an apparent proliferation of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-, acid phosphatase-, OKM1-positive macrophages and T6 interdigitating cells; a thymic hypoplasia with arrest of hassallian epithelial maturation; starlike fibrinous deposits in the bone marrow; and extensive cutaneous lesions characterized by hyperkeratosis, apoptotic cell death associated with the intraepidermal presence of T4+ and T8+ cells, localized necrosis of the basement membrane, expression of Ia antigens by malpighian cells, and progressive loss of the T6+ Langerhans' cells. These lesions, mainly the skin and bone marrow changes, are reminiscent of those observed in acute graft versus host reaction. Although a blood chimerism has never been demonstrated, these pathologic observations support the hypothesis of graft versus host disease in a primary cellular immunodeficiency and the persistence of the proliferating maternal cells in the peripheral target organs.
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PMID:Omenn's syndrome--pathologic arguments in favor of a graft versus host pathogenesis: a report of nine cases. 367 86

Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a frequent and serious complication of bone marrow transplantation with a median time of onset about 2 months posttransplant. Most cases result either from toxicity of radiation and chemotherapy or from infection with pathogens such as cytomegalovirus. Described are two patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) who presented with late-onset IP 242 and 632 days posttransplant. Histologic examination of lung biopsy specimens disclosed a lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) in both cases. The major lymphocyte subset found in bronchoalveolar lavages and lung tissue was OKT8(+) and showed a positive dot staining for acid phosphatase. Contrary to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, most OKT8(+) lymphocytes in the lungs were OKT3(-). Since acute GVHD lesions are mediated mainly by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, our data suggest that LIP in marrow-grafted patients may be a manifestation of chronic GVHD. It should be distinguished from the more common types of IP encountered following bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A possible manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease. 388 Jun 51

This paper describes our own findings on the role of Langerhans' cells in dermatology and discusses literature data on their detection in seven different dermatoses. The skin is an integral part of immune system. During the past 30 years, increasing evidence has been accumulated that the skin contains cellular elements which are needed for the initiation and expression of immune response. Langerhans' cells (LCs) are dendritic cells originating in the bone marrow. They reside mainly within stratified squamous epithelia and constitute approximately 2-4% of epithelial cells. LCs are epidermal antigen presenting cells which play a crucial role in allergic contact hypersensitivity, viral diseases, graft versus host disease and elimination of neo-plastic cell clones. They express antigens conjugated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II positive molecules on their surfaces for presentation to T-helper lymphocytes. LCs cannot be identified in routinely prepared histologic testing but can be visualised at the light microscope level by histochemical and immunologic techniques. Appropriate methods for the detection of Langerhans' cells in dermatology (also shown by our own experience) are histoenzymatic methods of adenosintriphosphatase (ATP-ase), acid phosphatase (AP), alpha-naphthylacetatesterase (ANAE and peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemistry method with polyclonal S-100 protein antibody (PAP). LCs are the only cells in normal skin with ATP-ase activity. Histoenzymatic methods used in patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, mycosis fungoides, Behcet's disease, lichen ruber planus, psoriasis vulgaris, irritant dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis demonstrated LSs in epidermis and dermis. ANAE and AP showed concordance and were suitable histochemical markers for LC distribution and macrophages in the dermis in mycosis fungoides, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis vulgaris, irritant chronic dermatitis and Bechet's disease. Our experience of the human skin showed a strong activity of calcium-activated adenosine triphosphatase in LCs. LCs in the guinea pig skin can be demonstrated by Mg++ and Ca++ activated adenosine triphosphatase, but a stronger activity of Ca++ activated adenosine triphosphatase in LCs after irritation. Ca++ ATP-ase as an indicator of energy-dependent pump is the reflection of intracellular calcium level, which is a significant factor for regulating the growth and metabolism of the cells. LCs are found as target cells during the efferent phase of contact allergic reaction. Immunohistochemical methods, define the role of LCs in dermatology more precisely and allow complete immunologic recognition within the epidermis.
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PMID:[Identification of Langerhans cells in dermatology]. 1528 65