Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leucocyte infusion from the marrow donor is a new therapeutic option to avoid repeated bone marrow transplants in patients with recurrent leukaemia. The treatment is based on the fact that alloreactive donor immune cells may recognize and eliminate residual leukaemia cells. This phenomenon has been called graft-versus-leukaemia. We describe a patient who received donor leucocyte infusion for a relapsed chronic myeloid leukaemia after his second bone marrow transplant and developed sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease.
Br J Dermatol 1998 Nov
PMID:Sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease after donor leucocyte infusion. 989 61

Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) is an immunotherapy that has found a role in the therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, a disease of mature activated T cells. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is also mediated by activated T cells, and thus often responds to therapies that target T cells. Murine models for both GVHD and ECP can be combined to study the impact of this immunotherapy on GVHD. In this paper we present a patient with GVHD who demonstrated a beneficial therapeutic response to treatment with ECP. The findings of this case are compared with the observations from a murine model for GVHD-ECP. The potential mechanisms of ECP in the treatment of GVHD are discussed. along with the similarities observed with ECP in the treatment of other conditions.
J Dermatol Sci 1999 Feb
PMID:Extracorporeal photochemotherapy in human and murine graft-versus-host disease. 1009 1

Research into the pathogenesis of psoriasis has been hampered by the lack of an animal disease resembling this common human skin disorder. Over the past few years, however, various rodent models that mirror aspects of the psoriatic phenotype and pathogenesis have become available. Here, the most prominent models are compared with human psoriasis and potential uses for psoriasis research are reviewed. Asebia (ab), flaky skin (fsn), and chronic proliferative dermatitis (cpd) are spontaneous mouse mutations with psoriasiform skin alterations of unclear pathogenesis. Transgenic mice with cutaneous overexpression of cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, interleukin-1alpha, keratinocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, interferon-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, or bone morphogenic protein-6, are valuable tools for studying in vivo effects of individual cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriasiform features. Psoriasiform lesions also were seen in beta2-integrin hypomorphic mice backcrossed to the PL/J strain and in beta1-integrin transgenic mice. A T cell-based immunopathogenesis of psoriasiform features was shown in a form of graft-versus-host disease in scid/scid mice reconstituted with CD4+/CD45RB(hi) T lymphocytes as well as in HLA-B27/hbeta2m transgenic rats, demonstrating that dysregulated T cells can induce psoriasiform skin alterations without a primary epithelial abnormality. Finally, xenotransplantation models using human skin grafted on to immunodeficient mice are attractive, as different cell types and some environmental factors leading to psoriasiform features may be studied in human tissue. Overall, although there is no animal model imitating psoriasis completely, many aspects of this common human skin disorder are mirrored in the currently available models and psoriatic plaques can be created in xenotransplantation models.
J Invest Dermatol 1999 Apr
PMID:Animal models of psoriasis - what can we learn from them? 1046 48

A 55-year-old man experienced persistent oral graft versus host disease after receiving an HLA-matched allogeneic stem cell peripheral blood transplant for chronic myeloid leukaemia. Twelve months post-transplant, multiple keratotic lesions resembling warts developed on his fingers, on his palms and on the soles of his feet. Skin biopsy showed a lichenoid reaction under a hyperplastic and hyperkeratotic epidermis lacking signs of papillomavirus infection. The lesions partially regressed when the patient's oral prednisone was increased. This instance of acral keratotic lesions may represent an unusual expression of chronic graft versus host disease; however, the the hydroxychloroquine which had been used for 8 months to control the patient's oral graft versus host disease cannot be excluded as a cofactor.
Australas J Dermatol 1999 Aug
PMID:Acral keratotic graft versus host disease simulating warts. 1043 30

Angiomatous lesions appearing in chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) has been reported previously. We report a case of a patient in whom cutaneous exuberant granulation tissue developed in the course of a cGVHD after allo-peripheral blood progenitor cells transplantation.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1999 Nov
PMID:Exuberant granulation tissue associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease after transplantation of peripheral blood progenitor cells. 1053 76

We report a case of systemic T-cell lymphoma with cutaneous lesions showing histological features of a cutaneous graft-versus-host-like-reaction. Histology from liver, lymph node and bone marrow showed a malignant T-cell infiltrate. T-cell receptor gene rearrangement studies confirmed the diagnosis. A cutaneous graft-versus-host-like reaction has been reported with disseminated malignancy and one case has been reported with systemic lymphoma. Graft-versus-host disease normally occurs when lymphocytes from an immunocompetent donor are introduced into a histo-incompatible recipient who is incapable of rejecting them. In our patient a similar reaction may have occurred if the lymphoma was composed of cytotoxic cells or if a cell-mediated immune response against the malignant T-cells cross-reacted with epidermal keratinocytes. Alternatively the malignant T-cells could have been functionally active and induced a lichenoid reaction in the skin.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1999 Sep
PMID:Cutaneous graft-versus-host-like reaction in systemic T-cell lymphoma. 1056 27

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent complication of bone marrow transplantation but is only rarely observed after solid organ transplantation. We describe a 68-year-old man who developed a maculopapular eruption 7 days following orthotopic liver transplantation for cirrhosis with malignant transformation due to haemochromatosis. At day 20, the patient complained of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and fever. Skin biopsy revealed a lymphocytic infiltrate at the dermoepidermal interface, vacuolization of basal cells and epidermal dyskeratosis. Immunohistochemistry showed HLA-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression of lesional keratinocytes. HLA-typing of peripheral blood lymphocytes demonstrated circulating lymphocytes of donor origin. Endoscopy revealed extensive erosions of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum that on histology disclosed multifocal loss of crypts, lymphocytic infiltrates and epithelial cell death. A diagnosis of acute GVHD was made, and high-dose immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine and methylprednisolone was instituted. The skin and gastrointestinal symptoms subsided within 4 weeks, but the patient died from severe infectious complications 105 days after transplantation. We conclude that acute GVHD is a rare but potentially fatal complication of liver transplantation. Skin lesions are an early sign of acute GVHD and thus represent an important tool for early diagnosis.
Br J Dermatol 1999 Nov
PMID:Cutaneous lesions as the presenting sign of acute graft-versus-host disease following liver transplantation. 1058 55

Graft-versus-host disease is a frequent complication of allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Approximately 10% of patients suffering from chronic graft-versus-host disease develop sclerodermic graft-versus-host disease of the skin, which often does not respond to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. An alternative to immunosuppressive treatment is photochemotherapy. We describe a patient with chronic sclerodermic graft-versus-host disease who did not respond to a combination therapy of cyclosporine and prednisone and later mycophenolate mofetil plus prednisone. A combination therapy of mycophenolate mofetil (2 g/day) and low-dose UVA(1) therapy (single dose, 20 J/cm(2), 4 times per week over 6 weeks) resulted in striking clinical improvement of sclerodermic graft-versus-host disease.
J Am Acad Dermatol 2000 Jan
PMID:Chronic sclerodermic graft-versus-host disease refractory to immunosuppressive treatment responds to UVA1 phototherapy. 1060 34

Lichenoid dermatoses comprise a significant proportion of dermatologic conditions. The pathophysiologic mechanisms are unclear for many such dermatoses making treatment difficult. Ongoing research into these mechanisms is allowing more directed intervention possible. This article describes some of the recent experiences in the therapy of lichen planus, lichen nitidus, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and graft versus host disease.
Dermatol Clin 2000 Jan
PMID:New and emerging therapies for lichenoid dermatoses. 1062 8

Secondary cutaneous mucinosis is a well-recognized feature of connective tissue diseases such as lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. We report the first three cases of dermal mucinosis in association with severe chronic cutaneous graft-versus-host disease of the sclerodermoid variety. One patient had clinical changes due to abundant mucin accumulation within the papillary dermis (mucinoma). In the other two patients histological examination revealed extensive deposits of mucin predominantly within the reticular dermis. The microscopic appearances were striking, with numerous vacuolated spaces interspersed between collagen bundles. We speculate that this appearance is the result of ground substance becoming trapped within grossly sclerodermoid connective tissue.
Br J Dermatol 2000 Mar
PMID:Macroscopic and microscopic mucinosis in chronic sclerodermoid graft-versus-host disease. 1073 65


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