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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was induced in newborn Brown-Norway (BN) and DA rats by i.v. injection of 3 X 10(7) Lewis (L) lymph node cells. Control BN and DA rats received syngeneic cells. Rats were injected i.v. with [methyl-3H]thymidine for 1 h before being killed at 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 days after the cellular inoculum. A piece of ventral abdominal skin was removed. Autoradiography was used to determine cell proliferative activity (labeling index, LI) in mast cells and fibroblasts of the dermis and basal cells of the epidermis. In addition, the number of mast cells per high-power field was determined for all 4 groups of rats: control DA, GVHD-DA, control BN, and GVHD-BN. Only GVHD-BN rats demonstrated extensive dermatitis. The LI of mast cells, fibroblasts, and basal cells decreased in control rats with increasing age. Although there were differences between DA and BN rats, there was a general pattern of increased proliferation of mast cells at early time points of GVHD followed by a decrease to or below control levels. The number of mast cells per high-power field also increased at early time intervals in both the DA and BN GVHD rats, but decreased significantly at later time points. These data confirm previous studies on chronic GVHD which demonstrated a decrease in the number of mast cells in the skin. Fibroblast LI was decreased at day 1 in both DA and BN GVHD rats. In GVHD-DA, fibroblast LI remained depressed while GVHD-BN demonstrated a second peak in LI at day 10 before declining below control levels. The most prominent basal cell response occurred in GVHD-BN between days 6-14 and is probably indicative of an attempted reparative response associated with GVHD dermatitis in this species. These data demonstrate that the activation of mast cells (proliferation and subsequent degranulation) correlates temporally with cell kinetic alterations occurring in the dermis and epidermis during acute GVHD.
J Invest Dermatol 1987 Apr
PMID:Kinetics of mast cell, fibroblast, and epidermal cell proliferation during acute graft-versus-host disease in the neonatal rat. 355 63

A patient who developed a syndrome resembling chronic graft-versus-host disease in association with disseminated carcinoma is described. There has only been one previous report of this association.
Br J Dermatol 1987 Feb
PMID:A graft-versus-host disease-like syndrome with carcinomatosis. 382 18

The natural history of human cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) has been described as a consequence of allogeneic bone-marrow transplants, but syngeneic and even autologous marrow transplants are now being recognized as being associated with similar, albeit less severe, changes. The histopathologic changes of both acute and chronic GVHD have been reported and show similarities to other idiopathic cutaneous disorders. The T-lymphocyte, specifically an OKT8+ cell, seems to play a major role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous GVHD. A recently described in vitro model of human cutaneous GVHD using skin explants co-cultured with lymphocytes holds some promise as a technique to further explore lymphocyte-skin interactions.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Jul
PMID:Human cutaneous graft-versus-host disease. 389 78

We have observed marked depletion of epidermal dendritic cells, defined by monoclonal antibodies directed against HLA-DR (Ia-like) and T6 antigens, after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. To more precisely characterize this observation, we examined a total of 39 sequential biopsies from 15 patients both before and after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Profound depletion of HLA-DR and T6-positive epidermal dendritic cells was observed early after transplantation (1-4 weeks), followed by gradual and variable repopulation. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed absence of dendritic cells in selected biopsies. Depletion of dendritic cells did not appear to be related to development of clinical or histologic evidence of graft-versus-host disease, suggesting that depletion may relate to pretransplant conditioning regimens. The rate of return of these cells, however, may be influenced by the presence or persistence of clinical disease. Repopulation of epidermal dendritic cells after initial depletion in bone marrow transplantation represents a human model relevant to studies concerned with the origin and kinetics of Langerhans cells.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Mar
PMID:Depletion and repopulation of epidermal dendritic cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in humans. 391 9

Recombinant human gamma interferon (r-IFN-gamma) induces the synthesis and expression of HLA-DR antigen on cultured, normal, human keratinocytes depleted of Langerhans cells. After removal of r-IFN-gamma from the culture medium of keratinocytes that are expressing HLA-DR antigen, the cells continue to express this antigen for at least 2 days. r-IFN-gamma induces, in a dose dependent fashion, the synthesis of several triton-soluble proteins with the most prominent having an apparent molecular weight of 53,000. Whereas normal keratinocytes do not express HLA-DR antigen in vivo, they do express HLA-DR in a variety of skin diseases such as lichen planus, graft-versus-host disease, and mycosis fungoides. We propose that an understanding of lymphocyte-keratinocyte interactions in vivo may be achieved by further studies of the mechanism of action of r-IFN-gamma on cultured keratinocytes and that the results may provide insight into the patho-physiology leading to a number of common inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Jul
PMID:Induction of the synthesis of triton-soluble proteins in human keratinocytes by gamma interferon. 392 29

A murine model of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was induced across minor histocompatibility barriers. This was done by injecting B10.D2 (H-2d) spleen cells into irradiated BALB/c (H-2d) mice. Chronic GVHD in this model includes features common to human idiopathic scleroderma, such as dermal fibrosis, loss of dermal fat and appendages, and a mononuclear cell filtrate. Serial skin biopsies showed a progressive loss of stainable mast cells in GVHD but not in irradiated controls. Mast cell depletion was noted as well in the tongue and kidney capsule of GVHD mice. Mast cell depletion was noted as early as 11 days after GVHD induction and persisted for at least 56 days. A hypothesis is put forth linking the T-cell activation of GVHD, mast cell degranulation, and increased fibrosis. The pertinence of this hypothesis to idiopathic scleroderma is pointed out.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Apr
PMID:Mast cell depletion in murine chronic graft-versus-host disease. 398 Oct 34

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a severe complication of bone marrow transplantation. The diagnosis may be made and its course followed by serial skin biopsies. The degree of epidermal change has been used as a guideline in grading each biopsy, but great variation may be found within each grade, especially grade 2 (basal cell vacuolization and dyskeratosis). To find a histologic parameter that is prognostic of more severe acute GVHD, we examined retrospectively the serial biopsies of 54 patients. When we studied early cutaneous graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), represented by the grade 2 biopsies, the number of dermal and epidermal mononuclear inflammatory cells correlated positively with the probability of developing more severe acute GVHD. In addition, the patients who had more severe acute GVHD tended to have an earlier appearance of cutaneous histologic changes. None of the other histologic parameters examined in these grade 2 biopsies were found to be predictive of GVHD progression. In addition, no histopathologic parameters in these grade 2 biopsies were predictive of the subsequent development of chronic GVHD.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1985 Mar
PMID:Cutaneous graft-versus-host reaction: prognostic features seen by light microscopy. 398 8

A 39-year-old woman with coexistent lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, and generalized morphea with ulcerations is described. Three additional cases were found in the files of the Mayo Clinic from 1950 to 1983, and these are summarized. Eight cases reviewed in the literature are also summarized. Coexistent lichenoid and sclerodermatous eruptions in graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation are noted as a model for this combined inflammatory and sclerotic dermatosis.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1985 May
PMID:Coexistence of lichen sclerosus, morphea, and lichen planus. Report of four cases and review of the literature. 400 88

In mice, as in humans, lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) with skin involvement often occurs in immunoincompetent recipients of donor hematopoietic cells in spite of matching at major histocompatibility loci and nonreactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture, if donor and recipient are disparate at several minor histocompatibility loci. In mice, both death and skin disease can be prevented by the use of an antiserum containing antibodies to a cell surface glycolipid, asialo GM1 (ASGM1). Because treatment of only the recipients with anti-asialo GM1 substantially reduces the subsequent proliferation of infused donor lymphoid cells, we infer that anti-asialo GM1 interferes with a host minor-antigen-presenting cell, so that donor lymphocytes fail to see minor host antigens as immunogenic. Of the tissues examined by immunofluorescence microscopy, ASGM1 was found on the epidermal Thy-1+ dendritic cell, on dendritic cells in the thymus, and as has been previously described, on lung and spleen cells. Following the intravenous administration of anti-asialo GM1, only the spleen showed an obvious change, losing approximately 80% of its ASGM1 + cells. Further analysis of spleen cells bearing ASGM1 may better define the phenotype of the inferred minor antigen-presenting cell and lead to a method of improving the outcome of human bone marrow transplantation.
J Invest Dermatol 1985 Jul
PMID:Studies addressing the mechanism of anti-asialo GM1 prevention of graft-versus-host disease due to minor histocompatibility antigenic differences. 400 80

A 49-year-old woman with a 14-year history of pyoderma gangrenosum unresponsive to a variety of systemic and topical treatments was given oral cyclosporin A (CyA), a potent immunosuppressive agent widely used in organ transplantation for the prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease. Improvement and subsequent healing of the lesions was evident within 3 weeks of starting treatment and has continued for the duration of treatment (12 months).
Br J Dermatol 1985 Nov
PMID:Pyoderma gangrenosum treated with cyclosporin A. 406 93


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