Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients who have received marrow transplants and total body irradiation with different forms of chemotherapy should be routinely watched by an ophthalmology service because of the high incidence of dry eye syndrome, viral keratitis, and trophic disturbances of the cornea. Herpes simplex keratitis must be strongly suspected in bizarre corneal findings associated with geographic epithelial denudement accompanying acute GVHD. Acute GVH ocular syndrome warrants clinical recognition when, in the course of severe GVHD, the eyes reveal keratoconjunctivitis with associated herpes simplex infections of the cornea, later to show chronic problems of severe drying conjunctival and corneal scarring compatible with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
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PMID:Ocular complications in high-dose chemoradiotherapy and marrow transplantation. 702 May 52

1. Primary and relapsed acute leukemia is increasingly being treated by bone marrow transplantation. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of bone marrow transplantation, occurring in 50% to 70% of cases. 2. Ocular complications of bone marrow transplantation are divided in those involving either the anterior or posterior segment. Because of associated total body irradiation with different forms of chemotherapy, these patients should be routinely watched by an ophthalmologist. 3. There is a high incidence of dry eye syndrome, viral keratitis, and trophic disturbances of the cornea. The presence of GVHD increases ocular involvement and its severity. 4. A study by Lopez and colleagues indicated that 62% of patients who survived at least 6 months after bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia developed occlusive microvascular retinopathy.
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PMID:Ocular manifestations in bone marrow transplantation. 830 80

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a cyclic undecapeptide, which is an immunosuppressive drug in the calcineurin inhibitor class. CsA was initially used as a systemic immunosuppressant to minimize rejection of solid organ transplants. In ophthalmology, topically applied CsA was first used to inhibit corneal allograft rejection in the 1980s and later in various inflammatory ocular surface disorders (OSD). Currently, topical ophthalmic CsA is available as a licensed commercial emulsion or is prepared by hospital pharmacies with concentration ranging from 0.05 to 2%. Many of its pharmacological effects on the ocular surface are direct consequences of its ability to inhibit T ciclosporine activation and apoptosis. Topical CsA differs from topical steroids in its favourable local and systemic tolerability at the concentrations used. Most clinical studies have evaluated topical CsA in moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) and demonstrated its efficacy for improvement of signs and symptoms, thus providing the sole indication for market approval and treatment protocols. For the other indications - corneal graft rejection, blepharitis, allergic or viral keratitis, and ocular surface disease due to graft versus host disease or post-operative DED - evidence-based medicine remains unclear due to the lack of major randomized controlled trials. Despite the lack of standardized protocols or market approval for these conditions, numerous studies suggest clinical efficacy.
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PMID:[Topical cyclosporine in ophthalmology: Pharmacology and clinical indications]. 2699 7