Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined the histological changes and local cellular immune response induced within the lingual mucosa in an allogeneic F1 hybrid rat model of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) with a view to studying oral lymphocyte-epithelial cell reactions. Highest levels of disease, as reflected by both a GvHD index and the extent of the oral mucosal changes, were obtained using primed donor (Lewis rats) splenocytes and irradiated hosts (Lew/Da rats). The lingual mucosae of test animals were characterised by irregular epithelial keratosis, an absence of basal cell liquefaction and a diffuse inflammatory cell infiltrate, histological features consistent with an oral lichenoid tissue reaction. Immunohistochemical studies showed that mucosal involvement was characterised by infiltration of the lamina propria by NK cells (CD8+, CD5-), "activated" cells (CD25+) and T cells (CD5+) with selective migration of the latter, including a CD5+, CD8- subset (helper/inducer T cell), into the epithelium. Epithelial expression of Ia was invariably associated with these inflammatory cell infiltrates and correlated with the GvHD index. These findings suggest the presence of local mucosal T cell activation in the absence of detectable epithelial cell damage, which may be equivalent to the early initiating events in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. However, whilst experimental graft-versus-host disease appears to be a useful model for studying lymphocyte-epithelial interactions, the induced oral mucosal changes are more consistent with a lichenoid reaction rather than lichen planus.
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PMID:Mucosal cell-mediated immunological changes associated with experimental graft-versus-host disease. 880 81

A patient with severe ichthyosiform erythroderma and lichenoid histological changes is presented. We discuss the clinical and histological differential diagnosis, including lupus erythematosus, lichenoid drug eruption, lichen planus, graft-versus-host disease, lymphoma, keratosis lichenoides chronica, Netherton's syndrome and ichthyosiform erythroderma. None of these is consistent with the features in our case, which may represent either a hitherto unreported form of ichthyosiform erythroderma or possibly a new entity.
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PMID:Adolescent-onset ichthyosiform-like erythroderma with lichenoid tissue reaction: a new entity? 1135 99

Longitudinal erythronychia is a linear red band on the nail plate that originates at the proximal nail fold, traverses the lunula, and extends to the free edge of the nail plate. Longitudinal erythronychia is classified based upon the number of nails affected and the number of red streaks present on each nail as follows: type Ia (monodactylous - single band), type Ib (monodactylous - bifid bands), type IIa (polydactylous - single band), and type IIb (polydactylous - multiple bands). Associated morphologic findings that can be present at the distal tip of the nail with longitudinal erythronychia include fragility, onycholysis, splinter hemorrhage, splitting, subungual keratosis, thinning, and V-shaped nick. Some patients with longitudinal erythronychia seek medical evaluation because of pain in the associated distal digit; however, the linear red nail plate dyschromia is often asymptomatic and the individual is concerned about the cosmetic appearance or distal nail fragility. Longitudinal erythronychia can be a clinical manifestation of an underlying local or systemic condition. Benign tumors (glomus tumor, onychopapilloma, and warty dyskeratoma), malignant neoplasms (malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma), and other conditions (hemiplegia and postsurgical scar) can be associated with monodactylous longitudinal erythronychia or it may be idiopathic or the initial stage of polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia-associated systemic conditions. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia is most commonly reported in patients with Darier disease (keratosis follicularis); other associated conditions include acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevus, acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa, acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf, amyloidosis, graft-versus-host disease, lichen planus, and pseudobulbar syndrome. Polydactylous longitudinal erythronychia has also been observed as an idiopathic finding. Biopsy of the nail matrix and nail bed may be necessary to establish the diagnosis of a longitudinal erythronychia-associated condition. Indeed, a biopsy should be seriously considered in patients aged more than 50 years who present with a monodactylous longitudinal red band to exclude squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment of longitudinal erythronychia depends on the etiology. For patients with longitudinal erythronychia-associated discomfort or severe nail splitting, a surgical excision may provide not only the underlying diagnosis of the nail dyschromia, but also relief of related symptoms.
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PMID:Longitudinal erythronychia: individual or multiple linear red bands of the nail plate: a review of clinical features and associated conditions. 2166 31