Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018133 (graft-versus-host disease)
 18,032 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

X-ray irradiation of blood is an effective way to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Red blood cells (RBCs) from normal donors suspended in mannitol-adenine-phosphate (MAP) medium were irradiated with X-ray of 15 and 35 Gy in minimum dose. The change of deformability of the RBCs during storage at 4 degrees C for 4 weeks was examined under shear stress of 13-130 dyn/cm2 using a rheoscope, in relation to the hematological and biochemical properties. (1) The deformability of RBCs was decreased during the storage, and it was further decreased by the irradiation. In addition, the number of undeformable RBCs against a given shear stress increased after the irradiation. (2) The cell volume gradually decreased, while the intracellular hemoglobin concentration increased. These changes were accelerated by the irradiation. The echinocytic transformation during the storage was not accelerated by the irradiation. (3) The content of aggregated proteins reducible with beta-mercaptoethanol in RBC membrane increased during the storage, but was not increased by the irradiation. Membrane lipid peroxidation was not increased during the storage and by the irradiation. (4) Leakage of potassium ions from RBCs during the storage was accelerated by the irradiation. In conclusion, shear-induced deformation of RBCs stored in MAP medium was impaired by X-ray irradiation, mainly due to dehydration caused by excess leakage of potassium ions from RBCs.
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PMID:Decreased deformability of the X-ray-irradiated red blood cells stored in mannitol-adenine-phosphate medium. 1083 Oct 63

Reports on the clinical course of mycophenolic acid (MPA)-related colitis in kidney transplant recipients are scarce. This study aimed at assessing MPA-related colitis incidence, risk factors, and progression after kidney transplantation. All kidney transplant patients taking MPA who had colonic biopsies for persistent chronic diarrhea, between 2000 and 2012, at the Kidney Transplantation Unit of Botucatu Medical School Hospital, Brazil, were included. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunohistochemistry was performed in all biopsy specimens. Data on presenting symptoms, medications, immunosuppressive drugs, colonoscopic findings, and follow-up were obtained. Of 580 kidney transplant patients on MPA, 34 underwent colonoscopy. Colonoscopic findings were associated with MPA usage in 16 patients. The most frequent histologic patterns were non-specific colitis (31.3%), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like colitis (25%), normal/near normal (18.8%), graft-versus-host disease-like (18.8%), and ischemia-like colitis (12.5%). All patients had persistent acute diarrhea and weight loss. Six of the 16 MPA-related diarrhea patients (37.5%) showed acute dehydration requiring hospitalization. Diarrhea resolved when MPA was switched to sirolimus (50%), discontinued (18.75%), switched to azathioprine (12.5%), or reduced by 50% (18.75%). No graft loss occurred. Four patients died during the study period. Late-onset MPA was more frequent, and no correlation with MPA dose or formulation was found.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic features and outcome of mycophenolate-induced colitis in renal transplant recipients. 2514 67

Xerostomia is a common complaint of nearly half of the elderly population and about one-fifth of younger adults. It causes several signs and symptoms, and compromise oral functions and health-related quality-of-life. Multiple reasons are proposed to describe the etiology of xerostomia such as local factors, psychogenic factors, and systemic diseases. In order to manage xerostomia effectively, identification of the main causality is mandatory. The aim of this review was to present systemic diseases leading to xerostomia with their mechanisms of action. We used various general search engines and specialized databases such as Google, Google Scholar, Yahoo, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Medknow, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Scopus, WebMD, EMBASE, and authorized textbooks to find relevant topics by means of Medical Subject Headings keywords such as "xerostomia," "hyposalivations," "mouth dryness," "disease," and "systemic." We appraised 97 English-language articles published over the last 40 years in both medical and dental journals including reviews, meta-analysis, original papers, and case reports. Upon compilation of relevant data, it was concluded that autoimmune diseases most frequently involve salivary glands and cause xerostomia followed by diabetes mellitus, renal failure, and graft-versus-host disease. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of systemic disease-related xerostomia are: autoimmunity, infiltration of immunocompetent cells, granuloma formation, fibrosis and dehydration, deposition of proteinaceous substances, bacterial infection, and side-effects of medications.
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PMID:Xerostomia due to systemic disease: a review of 20 conditions and mechanisms. 2522 94

Solid-organ transplant graft-versus-host disease (SOT-GVHD) is a rare complication of organ transplant that is associated with high mortality. The initial signs and symptoms are vague, so this disease is easily confused with other posttransplant complications. A case of SOT-GVHD occurred after orthotopic liver transplant for liver failure due to hepatitis C in a patient in a Veterans Affairs intensive care unit. The patient had dehydration, acute kidney injuries, rashes, diarrhea, and pancytopenia. Results of skin biopsy, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic studies were consistent with SOT-GVHD. Despite supportive care including antibiotics, antiviral and antifungal therapy, high-dose steroids, antithymoglobulin and neupogen, the patient died of overwhelming sepsis. Owing to the rarity of SOT-GVHD, no evidence-based guidelines or recommendations for treatment exist. Treatment includes high-dose corticosteroids and antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral prophylaxis. Treatment of liver transplant-related GVHD with anti-tumor necrosis factor a agents has been successful.
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PMID:Solid-Organ Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Liver Transplant: A Case Report. 2725 8