Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a prospective cohort-study of several year's duration the results of a survey regarding prevalence of arterial occlusive disease, as well as classical risk factors and rheological profile of patients suffering from vascular disease were examined. 364 patients out of a total of 2,498 individuals suffered from vascular disease. 168 (6.7%) had cardiovascular, 151 (6.0%) cerebrovascular and 109 (4.4%) peripheral vascular disease. Compared to to healthy individuals, the patients showed a significant accumulation of classical risk factors (elevated cholesterol and triglyceride values, decreased HDL-cholesterol concentration, obesity, smoking, high blood pressure, gout or diabetes mellitus). Only 30.2% of the healthy controls presented two or more risk factors, whereas the angiological patients showed two or more risk factors in 71.9%. Rheological parameters measured in the survey were: Plasma viscosity, erythrocyte and platelet aggregation, erythrocyte rigidity and hematocrit. Only 14.2% of the healthy individuals had two or more rheological parameters exceeding the 1-s range, whereas 56.6% of the patients showed two or more elevated rheological parameters.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence, risk factors and rheological profile of arterial vascular disease; first results of the Aachen study. 246 78

Serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured in three groups of male patients with primary gout. The groups were defined by the presence of 0, 1, or more than 1 coexisting medical conditions or cardiac risk factors (coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, proteinuria, overweight). Mean values of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol were lower in patients with one or more associated conditions than in those with none. By contrast, triglyceride levels were significantly higher and exceeded the desirable range. Distributions of individual values of all lipid parameters except triglycerides were similar along the three groups. Triglyceride values, however, were significantly higher in patients with multiple complications. Observed differences in lipid values could not be correlated with patient age or type of nature of medication received. High triglycerides and LDL cholesterol are not a feature of uncomplicated gout in men. HDL cholesterol tends to be normal and triglyceride mildly elevated. Only in patients with two or three associated medical conditions are high triglycerides or low HDL cholesterol common. Our results suggest that these findings are independently related to concurrent disease and that gout is not necessarily in itself a risk factor for cardiovascular or diabetic disease.
 ...
PMID:Lipid studies in primary gout. 278 77

More than 800 patients suffering from primary gout or asymptomatic hyperuricemia were examined for the values of total cholesterol and triglycerides and the pattern of lipoproteins. The values for HDL (high-density-lipoprotein = alpha-lipoprotein), LDL (low-density-lipoprotein = beta-lipoprotein) and VLDL (very-low-density-lipoprotein = pre-beta-lipoprotein), found in lipid electrophoresis, were significant abnormal as well in the group of patients with gout (n = 147) as in the group of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (n = 700) versus the healthy controls. It was remarkable, that the values of lipoproteins in asymptomatic hyperuricemia almost were abnormal just as often as in primary gout. Approximately 80% of both groups showed an increased LDL, around 35% a decreased HDL, and an increased VLDL was found in 72% of patients with gout and in 54% of asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Pathological changes of all lipoproteins (HDL, LDL and VLDL) appeared in 23% of patients with gout and in 20% of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Only 2.7% of patients with gout and 4.8% with hyperuricemia showed a normal lipometabolism.
 ...
PMID:[Hyperlipoproteinemia in primary gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia]. 340 2

The relationship between gout and coronary disease is controversial. We studied the distribution of cholesterol among lipoprotein fractions separated by ultracentrifugation in a group of 29 gouty men and 34 healthy controls, matched by age, weight and serum glucose. Our results showed that patients had significantly higher serum triglycerides and cholesterol-VLDL and lower total cholesterol and cholesterol in LDL and HDL fractions. The comparison of both groups separated by weight and alcohol intake showed similar results. The cholesterol-LDL/cholesterol-HDL ratio was not significantly different between the groups. Based on these results, we conclude that our group of gouty patients may not be at greater risk of coronary disease than a similar control population.
 ...
PMID:Cholesterol distribution among lipoprotein fractions in patients with gout and normal controls. 346 58

Serum lipoprotein profiles were investigated in 108 male patients with primary gout before treatment to elucidate the prevalence of each individual phenotype of coexisting hyperlipoproteinaemia and pathogenic factors responsible for it. The mean serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in the patients with gout were 2.10 +/- 0.14 mmol/l and 5.26 +/- 0.10 mmol/l (mean +/- SEM) respectively, which were significantly higher (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05 respectively) than the levels in age matched controls without gout (1.30 +/- 0.07 mmol/l and 4.77 +/- 0.08 mmol/l respectively). Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values were slightly decreased in patients with gout compared with controls (1.24 +/- 0.08 mmol/l v 1.40 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.05). Hyperlipoproteinaemia was seen in 61 patients (56%), of whom patients with type IIa, IIb, and IV hyperlipoproteinaemia formed 13, 15, and 69% respectively. Thus the prevalence of type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia was high in primary gout as compared with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (69% v 43%, p less than 0.01). The independent and relative influences of clinical data of the patients upon the concentrations of serum lipids were assessed by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Two major predictors of serum TG level were alcohol intake (p less than 0.01) and serum uric acid level (p less than 0.05). The most significant predictive variable was alcohol intake, but its influence was judged to be small (r2 = 0.067). None of the other variables, including obesity index, had any significant influence. The relationships between any of these variables and serum TC or HDL-C levels were not significant. In addition, serum lipid levels were investigated in patients with neither obesity (defined as 120% or more of ideal body weight) nor a history of alcohol intake. Their serum TG and TC concentrations were also significantly higher than the respective control levels. Thus hyperlipoproteinaemia in primary gout its unlikely to be secondary to excess alcohol intake or obesity, or both. Instead, it may result from genetic factors such as a combined hyperlipidaemic trait.
 ...
PMID:Hyperlipoproteinaemia in primary gout: hyperlipoproteinaemic phenotype and influence of alcohol intake and obesity in Japan. 370 19

Contributors to CHD include atherogenic personal attributes, living habits which promote these, signs of preclinical disease, and host susceptibility to these influences. Atherogenic traits include the blood lipids, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance. High LDL cholesterol is positively and high HDL cholesterol inversely related to CHD incidence. Hypertension, whether systolic or diastolic, labile or fixed, casual or basal, at any age in either sex contributes powerfully to coronary heart disease. The impact of diabetes on CHD is greater for women than for men and varies according to the level of the foregoing risk factors. The faulty life-style is typified by a diet excessive in calories, fat, and salt, a sedentary habit, unrestrained weight gain, and cigarettes. Alcohol used in moderation may be beneficial. Oral contraceptives worsen atherogenic traits and, when used for long periods beyond age 35 in conjunction with cigarettes, predispose to thromboembolism. Type A persons with an overdeveloped sense of time urgency, drive, and competitiveness develop an excess of angina pectoris. Men married to more highly educated women are at increased risk, as are men married to women in white-collar jobs. Preclinical signs of a compromised coronary circulation include silent MI, ECG-LVH, blocked intraventricular conduction, and repolarization abnormalities. Exercise ECG may elicit still earlier evidence. Measures of innate susceptibility include a family history of premature cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and gout. Optimal prediction of CHD requires a quantitative combination of risk factors in multiple logistic risk formulations that identify high-risk persons with multiple marginal abnormalities. Preventive management should also be multifactorial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Psychosocial and other features of coronary heart disease: insights from the Framingham Study. 377 1

Serum lipid and lipoprotein values of 32 male patients suffering from gout were quantitated and compared with corresponding values of a random control group which did not differ significantly with regard to age, body weight index and socio-economic status. All patients were on therapy with allopurinol which lasted on average for 6 years. The most striking differences between patients and controls were the increased triglyceride and apo B values and the decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL-phospholipid (HDL-PL) values in the patient group. The values of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apo A-I and Lp (a) were not significantly different between patients and controls. The great differences in the ratios of apo B/LDL-C, apo A-I/HDL-C and apo A-I/HDL-PL values suggest that gout is connected with changes in the chemical composition of the major lipoprotein classes. In three normolipemic individuals who were treated for 3 weeks with allopurinol no changes in lipoproteins and apolipoproteins were apparent. The results are discussed in view of the atherosclerosis risk of patients suffering from gout.
 ...
PMID:Serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with primary gout. 398 33

The authors have examined the levels of the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, of the plasma lipoprotein (HDL, LDL, VLDL) and of their main apolipoproteins (apo-A and apo-B) in a group of 34 patients affected by gout and in a population of healthy subjects considered as a contrast group, trying to establish a plausible dislipidemic factor which could justify the major occurrence of coronary heart disease in patients suffering from gout. Statistical analysis was done with the t-test. The group of patients affected by gout had significantly higher levels of triglycerides and VLDL-C and lower levels of HDL-C than the population of healthy subjects. The change of the lipoprotein pattern observed in the patients suffering from gout may be linked to reduction of the catabolism of the triglycerides rich lipoprotein. This reduction is probably linked to a inhibition of lipoprotein lipase.
 ...
PMID:[Determination of plasma levels of apolipoprotein E and of HDL-cholesterol in gouty patients]. 659 73

The aim of this work was to evaluate whether hyperuricaemia correlates with the cluster of metabolic and haemodynamic disorders closely associated with insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in young apparently healthy individuals also, and, if so, whether hyperinsulinaemia itself or some other component of this syndrome, are independently associated with hyperuricaemia. The subjects were a random population sample of 181 (M = 94/F = 87) 38-year-old apparently healthy subjects, non-diabetic, without a history of gout. Obesity (overall and regional), serum lipid profile, uric acid, fasting glucose and insulin, 2 h insulin after glucose-load (only in men), blood pressure and main behavioural variables were measured. As expected, most parameters were statistically different between men and women. In particular, serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in the male group than in female group (348 +/- 59 mumol l-1 vs 277 +/- 59 mumol l-1, P < 0.0001). After adjustment for sex, in pooled individuals, serum uric acid concentration showed positive associations with BMI (r = 0.21; P < 0.001), waist/hip girth (WHR; r = 0.45; P < 0.0001), waist/thigh girth (WTR; r = 0.35; P < 0.0001) and subscapula/triceps skinfold ratios (STR; r = 0.30; P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum uric acid was also positively correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.23; P < 0.001), serum triglycerides (r = 0.34; P < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.16; P = < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.26; P < 0.001), and negatively with HDL/total cholesterol ratio (r = 0.28; P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Hyperuricaemia: relationships to body fat distribution and other components of the insulin resistance syndrome in 38-year-old healthy men and women. 773 46

To evaluate long-term benefits and risks of CyA therapy in renal transplantation, we analyzed the 10-year experience with all 59 patients who had received a first cadaveric renal graft until August 1983 and were immunosuppressed with CyA. We compared their actual graft survival with that of all 213 patients who had received a first cadaveric graft from 1967 until August 1983, but were immunosuppressed initially with azathioprine and prednisone (AzaP). For comparison of p-creatinine, proteinuria, blood pressure, lipids, uric acid and skin malignancies we evaluated the patients staying unchanged on initial therapy for 10 years (CyA = 12, AzaP = 53). RESULTS. (1) Actual graft survival at 10 years was 34% (20/59) with CyA and 27% (58/213) in AzaP treated patients (intention to treat) (P = .09 = ns). At 1 to 5 years, graft survival was 15% superior with CyA, but after 7 years the survival curve of the CyA-group has closely joined the chronic decline seen in the AzaP group. This behaviour could neither be explained by chronic CyA-nephrotoxicity nor by chronic rejection after switching from CyA to AzaP. (2) P-creatinine at 10 years was significantly (P < .03), but mildly elevated under CyA (130 +/- 52; AzaP = 109 +/- 65). (3) Proteinuria (g/d) at 10 years was not significantly different (CyA = 0.41 +/- 0.58, versus AzaP = 0.83 +/- 1.61). (4) Systolic blood pressure was higher at 10 years under CyA (152 +/- 19) than under AzaP (136 +/-) (P < .02), but diastolic pressure was not (89 +/- 10 versus 84 +/- 12; ns). Antihypertensive drug/patient was twice as high under CyA (1.25 versus 0.64 P < .02). (5) Cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL were not different. 75% of the CyA-patients were steroid free at 10 years, none of the AzaP-patients. (6) P-uric acid was not significantly different in both groups (494 +/- 192 vs 400 +/- 124), but 42% of CyA-patients were on uric acid lowering drug (given after at least one gout attack) as compared to 9% under AzaP (P < .006). (7) Seventeen percent of patients under CyA for 10 years had at least one skin cancer, not different from 15% of AzaP-patients. CONCLUSIONS. The main benefit of CyA was the better graft survival up to 5 years and the chance to stay free of steroids. The main risks of CyA were nephrotoxicity, hypertension and symptomatic hyperuricemia. No difference was found for hyperlipidemia and skin-malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Long-term benefits and risks of cyclosporin A (sandimmun)--an analysis at 10 years. 794 Jul 65


1 2 3 Next >>