Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 10 with gout, 8 with scleroderma and 10 healthy volunteers were included. Antibodies to native and denatured human collagen types I, II and III were measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The frequencies of antibodies to native collagen type II were 19% in the sera of 26 patients with RA. These antibodies were also cross-reacted with collagen types I and III and generally, their activities to collagen in synovial fluids were higher than that in the serum. Only one in 8 patients with scleroderma showed high serum antibodies to these collagens. However, levels of collagen antibodies in patients with RA were not correlated with levels of rheumatoid factor, IgG, IgM and IgA. There was no different in the interleukin (IL)-1 production by synovial cells stimulated by collagens from patients with either RA or gout. The correlation between anti-collagen antibodies and HLA-DR4 antigen was poor, though the presence of DR4 was common in patients with RA. These evidences suggest that collagen antibodies were important to joint pathology only in some of the patients with RA. Thus, collagen autoimmunity warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Collagen autoimmunity to rheumatoid arthritis. 209 4

The coexistence of gout and rheumatoid arthritis is described in a patient who was followed for 7 years before the association was established. This is the 4th non-Caucasian patient recorded in the literature. He was HLA-DR4 positive, and no data suggestive of a predisposition to gout were found. Interestingly, during followup rheumatoid and gouty phases alternated, without simultaneous manifestations of both diseases.
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PMID:Concomitant gout and rheumatoid arthritis. 326 2

Contrary to previous belief, there is increasing evidence that a broad spectrum of rheumatic diseases do affect African blacks. Although properly conducted epidemiological studies have yet to be performed, reports of population surveys from a variety of sub-Saharan African countries indicate that diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), gout, and the connective tissue diseases are observed, although some differences in clinical presentation may occur as a result of cultural, racial, and socioeconomic factors. Rheumatoid arthritis is common in some parts of Africa and less common in others. In particular, a significantly lower prevalence of RA in rural areas compared with urban cohorts has led to the hypothesis that environmental factors associated with urbanization may be involved in disease pathogenesis. A similar hypothesis has been suggested for hyperuricemia and gout. Clinical features of disease may also be different in Africans when compared with other population subgroups such as with systemic lupus erythematosus although this may be artefactual as different accessibility to health care and referral practices may result in only the more severe cases coming to medical attention (eg, lupus nephritis). Immunogenetic factors may reduce the prevalence of some conditions such as the spondyloarthropathies. Although the association between HLA-DR4 and RA holds true in Africans, the same is not so for the association of HLA-B27 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The prevalence of HLA-B27 in African blacks is 10 times less than Caucasian populations, in part accounting for the low prevalence of spondyloarthropathies, although its association with AS is low. Other conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related arthropathies appear to be an increasing medical problem. The panepidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Africa has resulted in an increased awareness of the different types of arthritis that may be associated with HIV. These are similar to those reported in other parts of the world, although risk factors are different in Africa where heterosexual transmission is a more common cause than homosexual transmission or i.v. drug usage. Information on other rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis and soft tissue rheumatism are slowly emerging. Rheumatic manifestations of the infectious diseases, which are endemic in Africa, remain a uniquely fascinating aspect of rheumatology practice on the African continent. Therefore, African countries will increasingly be a continued valuable source of clinical material for comparative studies to help elucidate factors that influence the development of rheumatic diseases.
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PMID:Rheumatic diseases in African blacks. 783 55

Documentary sources show that painful joint disease afflicted several members of the Medici family, which dominated Renaissance Florence in Italy. The term frequently reported in contemporary archives to indicate these morbid episodes is "gout." Paleopathology allows us to verify the nosological information obtained from the written documents and to clarify the nature of the rheumatological condition that afflicted the Medici. A paleopathological study carried out on the skeletal remains of several members of the Medici family buried in the basilica of S. Lorenzo in Florence demonstrated that the "gout" of the Medici was truly a uric acid gout only in Ferdinand I (1549-1609), whose left foot showed peculiar lesions. Genetic and environmental factors, with particular regard to diet, may have been involved in the etiology of this disease, which in Ferdinand was associated with diffuse idiopatic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). DISH was observed also in the column of Cosimo the Elder (1389-1464) and Cosimo I (1519-1574); a link between the incidence of DISH and high social status, especially in terms of lifestyle and nutritional patterns, has been suggested and the present study seems to further confirm this association. Finally, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was diagnosed in Cosimo the Elder, Piero "the Gouty" (1416-1469) and Cardinal Carlo (1596-1666); as for Carlo, macroscopic and radiological findings were supported by molecular results which revealed that he was bearing the specificity HLA-DR4 predisposing to RA. The coexistence of DISH and RA attested in Cosimo the Elder can be interpreted as coincidental. In conclusion, the term "gout" as used in Renaissance texts has to be regarded as the clinical manifestation of a number of different joint diseases. In the case of the Medici family in Florence, these included DISH, rheumatoid arthritis and uric acid gout.
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PMID:The "gout of the Medici": making the modern diagnosis using paleopathology. 2366 91