Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The polypeptide leptin exerts a multitude of regulatory functions. It has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory, metabolic and psychiatric disorders and has been found to be differentially expressed in men and women. Although a clear increase of leptin levels with age has been repeatedly observed in men, the association of leptin levels and age in women is an issue of scientific discussion. To investigate the association of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and selected diseases with plasma levels of leptin in 551 adults randomly chosen from the Bavarian population, we assessed subjects' characteristics, lifestyle, and medical history including life time history of frequent diseases and performed blood sampling and standardized anthropometric measurements. Leptin plasma levels were measured using a Radioimmunoassay. Leptin levels were significantly higher in women as compared to men and this difference persisted even after controlling for differences in age or BMI. Leptin levels increased across the age groups in both men and women. Controlling for differences in BMI substantially attenuated the influence of age on leptin levels. In women, age was no longer significantly associated with leptin levels after controlling for BMI. With regard to medical history, hyperuricemia and gout were significantly associated with higher leptin levels, even after controlling for BMI, whereas subjects with high blood pressure or dyslipoproteinemia showed higher leptin levels only if the BMI was not considered as control variable. The BMI and its influence on the interrelations of gender, age and leptin should be considered when interpreting leptin levels.
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PMID:Leptin plasma levels in the general population: influence of age, gender, body weight and medical history. 2066 30

Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory disease that is triggered by abnormal uric acid metabolism, which is usually attributed to obesity, a risk factor of hyperuricemia and gout attack. A high level of leptin in plasma is a marker of individuals with obesity. Population studies show that leptin promotes obesity-related arthritis, such as osteoarthritis, but it is unknown whether leptin contributes to gouty arthritis, another form of obesity-related arthritis. Our present study showed that the levels of leptin and leptin receptor in patients with active gouty arthritis were elevated. Leptin facilitates the stimulation of human synoviocytes, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and HL-60 cells induced by monosodium urate, leading to higher levels of acute gout-related proinflammatory factors. Leptin obviously exacerbates the inflammation of monosodium urate-induced acute gouty arthritis in wild-type mice, whereas that in leptin-deficient C57BL6/Job/ob mice is markedly alleviated. The proinflammatory effect of leptin in acute gouty arthritis is partly mediated by mTORC1 signaling pathway. Our study reveals that leptin may serve as a novel prevention and treatment target in acute gouty arthritis.
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PMID:Leptin Promotes Monosodium Urate Crystal-Induced Inflammation in Human and Murine Models of Gout. 3092 45