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 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most individuals seeking consultation at sports medicine clinics are young, healthy athletes with injuries related to a specific activity. However, these athletes may have other systemic pathologies, such as rheumatic diseases, that may initially mimic sports-related injuries. As rheumatic diseases often affect the musculoskeletal system, they may masquerade as traumatic or mechanical conditions. A systematic review of the literature found numerous case reports of athletes who presented with apparent mechanical low back pain, sciatica pain, hip pain, meniscal tear, ankle sprain, rotator cuff syndrome and stress fractures and who, on further investigation, were found to have manifestations of rheumatic diseases. Common systemic, inflammatory causes of these musculoskeletal complaints include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), gout, chondrocalcinosis, psoriatic enthesopathy and early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Low back pain is often mechanical among athletes, but cases have been described where spondyloarthritis, especially AS, has been diagnosed. Neck pain, another common mechanical symptom in athletes, can be an atypical presentation of AS or early RA. Hip or groin pain is frequently related to injuries in the hip joint and its surrounding structures. However, differential diagnosis should be made with AS, RA, gout, psudeogout, and less often with haemochromatosis and synovial chondochromatosis. In athletes presenting with peripheral arthropathy, it is mandatory to investigate autoimmune arthritis (AS, RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus), crystal-induced arthritis, Lyme disease and pigmented villonodular synovitis. Musculoskeletal soft tissue disorders (bursitis, tendinopathies, enthesitis and carpal tunnel syndrome) are a frequent cause of pain and disability in both competitive and recreational athletes, and are related to acute injuries or overuse. However, these disorders may occasionally be a manifestation of RA, spondyloarthritis, gout and pseudogout. Effective management of athletes presenting with musculoskeletal complaints requires a structured history, physical examination, and definitive diagnosis to distinguish soft tissue problems from joint problems and an inflammatory syndrome from a non-inflammatory syndrome. Clues to a systemic inflammatory aetiology may include constitutional symptoms, morning stiffness, elevated acute-phase reactants and progressive symptoms despite modification of physical activity. The mechanism of injury or lack thereof is also a clue to any underlying disease. In these circumstances, more complete workup is reasonable, including radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory testing for autoantibodies.
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PMID:Rheumatic diseases presenting as sports-related injuries. 1893 22

Pilomatricoma, also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is an asymptomatic, slow-growing, benign dermal neoplasm that originates from hair cortex cells. The most common sites are the head and neck (68.2%), followed by the trunk (14.4%) and the upper (15.3%) and lower (2%) extremities. The majority (60%-70%) of tumors develop in the first 2 decades of life. A typical pilomatricoma presents as a firm, calcified, dermal nodule appearing as a solid mass in subcutaneous tissue on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.This article describes the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with nontender soft tissue swelling in the right ankle joint. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging findings showed an inflamed cystic mass with calcification in the lateral malleolar area of the right ankle joint. These atypical magnetic resonance imaging features around the ankle joint led to confusion with other disease entities, including chronic bursitis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, rheumatoid nodules, and gout. After complete excision of the mass, histological examination revealed a cystic pilomatricoma.Although rare, a cystic pilomatricoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses with calcification.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of a cystic pilomatricoma in an ankle joint. 2302 99

The foot and ankle are commonly involved in a range of arthritides that affect the joints, bones, and soft tissues. Accurate plain film interpretation can often aid the diagnosis and monitor disease progression and treatment response. Ultrasound and MRI afford superior depiction of the soft tissues, and advances over recent years have centered on early detection of synovitis, enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment. Advantages and disadvantages of the imaging techniques of radiography, multidetector computed tomography, ultrasound, and MRI are discussed, as is optimization of these modalities for the assessment of the anatomically complex joints of the foot and ankle. Diagnostic features enabling differentiation between rheumatoid arthritis, seronegative spondyloarthropathies, osteoarthritis, gout, crystal deposition disease, pigmented villonodular synovitis, Charcot arthropathy, septic arthritis, synovial osteochondromatosis, hemophilia, and reflex sympathetic dystrophy are also reviewed.
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PMID:Imaging in Foot and Ankle Arthritis. 2733 51

Intra-articular (IA) and peri-articular (PA) tumors of the knee are frequently encountered by orthopaedic surgeons. Nonetheless, due to the possibility of great morbidity and potential mortality, it is important to recognize and differentiate between benign and malignant lesions in a timely manner. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a concise, practical, and updated review of commonly encountered IA and PA tumors including intratendinous gout, synovial chondromatosis, schwannoma, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and synovial sarcoma, and a detailed description of differentiating features to include various imaging modalities.
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PMID:Diagnostic Imaging and Management of Common Intra-articular and Peri-articular Soft Tissue Tumors and Tumorlike Conditions of the Knee. 3044 23

Chronic gout is defined as accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in joints, cartilage, tendons, bursae, bone, and soft tissue. The foot is the most common location for acute gout flares, with the first metatarsophalangeal joint being the most frequent site of tophus formation. However, few studies have reported gouty tophus formation in the subtalar joint. Gout has been termed the "great mimicker" because of its tendency to mimic other pathologic conditions, such as pigmented villonodular synovitis and synovial sarcoma. Herein, we present a rare case of chronic tophaceous gout in the sinus tarsi in both feet in a 23-year-old healthy male, with extensive bony erosions mimicking pigmented villonodular synovitis and synovial sarcoma. We discuss the clinical presentation, distinguishing radiologic characteristics, surgical procedures, and outcome regarding this unique presentation.
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PMID:Gouty Tophi in Sinus Tarsi of Bilateral Feet Mimicking Synovial Sarcoma:A Case Report. 3061 64

High-resolution ultrasonography has many advantages in the imaging of the musculoskeletal system, when compared to other imaging methods, particularly in superficial, easily accessible parts of the body. It is a perfect diagnostic tool for visualizing the most common pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, including the bursae. Inflammation of bursae is frequent, and it can mimic other diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, knowledge of normal ultrasound anatomy of the bursae, their exact location in the human body, and the sonographic signs of their most common pathologies is essential for establishing a quick and accurate diagnosis by ultrasound. Common conditions affecting bursae, leading to bursitis, include acute trauma, overuse syndromes, degenerative diseases, inflammatory conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout etc.), infections such as tuberculosis, synovial tumors and tumor-like conditions (pigmented villonodular synovitis, osteochondromatosis), and many more. This review article presents and explains ultrasound examples of the most frequent pathological conditions affecting bursae. Images include normal and pathological conditions of bursae around the shoulder joint, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle joint.
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PMID:Sonographic assessment of the anatomy and common pathologies of clinically important bursae. 3180 27


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