Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Liver function in 65 gout patients was assessed depending on the number of the aggravating factors--alcohol abuse and obesity. Functional disturbances were revealed in 16 patients. Enzyme activity was changed in 44 per cent of the patients who used alcohol. Functional liver changes were also found in 22.2 per cent of the patients in the absence of the aggravating factors which could be ascribed to influence of the gout process proper.
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PMID:[Functional status of the liver in podagra]. 272 98

We aspirated synovial fluid from the knees of 50 patients with asymptomatic, nontophaceous gout, in whom synovial fluid monosodium urate (MSU) crystals had previously been documented in the knees or other joints. Fifty-eight percent of these asymptomatic patients had MSU crystals in their knee joints. Serum uric acid levels, serum creatinine levels, volume of synovial fluid aspirated, and cell counts of the aspirated fluid did not differentiate the MSU crystal-positive group from the group without MSU crystals. Clinical factors such as alcohol abuse, coronary heart disease, hypertension, duration of gout, duration of the intercritical period, and drug therapy did not differentiate the 2 groups. Nineteen patients consented to aspiration of their other knee. Seven of these patients (37%) had MSU crystals bilaterally, and 6 patients (32%) had them unilaterally. The implications of the persistence of MSU crystals (including those in intracellular locations) in many patients, despite normalization of serum uric acid levels, should be determined. Knee joint aspiration is a sensitive method for the demonstration of MSU crystals in asymptomatic patients. The procedure might also be useful in documenting these crystals in patients who have had attacks of arthritis with features consistent with a diagnosis of gout, but in whom MSU crystals have not been documented.
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PMID:Monosodium urate crystals in the knee joints of patients with asymptomatic nontophaceous gout. 380 Oct 71

The alcohol intake and drinking behaviour of 24 patients who presented with acute gout in a family practice over a 5-year period were compared with these features of a control population matched for sex, age, weight and use of hyperuricemia-inducing diuretics. The average weekly alcohol intake of the group with gout was twice that of the control group (p less than 0.02), and a statistically significant relation was found between alcohol abuse and acute gout (p less than 0.05). About half of the patients with gout drank excessively. Acute gout should be considered a possible clinical sign of alcohol abuse.
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PMID:A case-control study of alcohol consumption and drinking behaviour in patients with acute gout. 647 39

Ocular signs and symptoms provide clinical clues to many of the more common metabolic and nutritional disorders seen in older adults. Diabetes mellitus can affect all parts of the eye and orbit. Complications include refractive visual loss, macular edema, retinopathy, increased risk of fungal infection, and diplopia. In patients with gout, urate crystals may precipitate in the eye and cause conjunctivitis, uveitis, or scleritis. Other problems are seen with Wilson's disease, hyperlipidemia, and albinism. Nutritional disorders usually arise from malabsorption, gastrointestinal surgery, and alcohol abuse. Deficiencies in vitamins A, B1 (thiamine), B12, and C may be manifest in the eye.
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PMID:Clues in the eye: ocular signs of metabolic and nutritional disorders. 760 60

The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the multiple effects of alcohol overconsumption on the kidney function as well as on water, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. In contrast to the well known transitory diuretic effects, the overall long-term effect of chronic alcohol overconsumption is water and salt retention with expansion of extracellular volume. Furthermore, depletion of magnesium, phosphate and calcium is also frequently found in alcohol-dependent patients. These electrolyte disturbances may be associated with the alcohol-induced hypoparathyroidism and parathyroid hormone resistance of the skeletal muscle as well as with the decrease of serum osteocalcin. Metabolic acidosis with lower arterial blood pH and plasma bicarbonate concentrations was revealed in alcoholic patients upon admission and a significant correlation between chronic alcohol overconsumption and increased incidence of hyperuricemia and gout attacks was also reported. Alcohol seems to have dual effects on the blood pressure. Increased blood pressure was demonstrated in men above 80 g and in women above 40 g ethanol consumption daily. In contrast, young adults consuming only 10 to 20 g per day had lower blood pressure than the abstinent group indicating a J-curve relationship. This is in line with the lowered risk for coronary heart disease associated with regular consumption of small alcohol amounts. The mechanisms responsible for the association between alcohol overconsumption and postinfectious glomerulonephritis have not been elucidated yet. Finally severe alcohol abuse predisposes to acute renal failure and seems to be associated with the general catabolic effects.
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PMID:Alcohol abuse: potential role in electrolyte disturbances and kidney diseases. 987 14

In this paper, 152 patients with 187 osteonecrotic femoral heads (83 idiopathic, 56 corticosteroid induced, 40 post-traumatic, seven alcohol abuse and one associated with gout) were classified according to the staging by Ficat and Arlet (Ischemia and necroses of bone, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, pp 171-182, 1980); four were in Stage I, 82 in Stage II and 101 in Stage III. The majority of the patients were young (average age 35.5 years). Multiple drilling, curettage of the necrotic bone and muscle-pedicle bone grafting using tensor fascia lata was carried out in all patients except in six adolescents, where sartorius grafting was performed. Cheilectomy of the femoral head and subcutaneous adductor tenotomy were also performed in the advanced stages. During the follow up of 10 to 21.5 years (average 16.5 years), radiological improvement was noted in 81.3% of patients in Stage II and 70.1% of patients in Stage III cases. Excellent and good results according to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score were obtained in 100% of cases in Stage I, 92% in Stage II and 80.4% in stage III, with a survivorship of 91% in Stage II and 82% in Stage III cases. The patients having an HSS score below 20 (non-survival) were recommended for total hip replacement (THR) therapy.
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PMID:Long-term results of decompression and muscle-pedicle bone grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. 1799 27

We report a case of thoracic (T10) spinal cord compression by a tophus in a patient with known chronic gout. Spastic paraplegia developed gradually over 6 months in this 43-year-old man with hypertension, alcohol abuse, and chronic gouty arthritis with tophi. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography visualized an intradural nodule measuring 1.5cm in diameter at the level of T10, as well as geodes in the left T10 lamina and left T9-T10 articular processes. The nodule was removed surgically and shown by histological examination to be a tophus. The neurological impairments resolved rapidly and completely. We found about 60 similar cases in the literature. Spinal cord compression in a patient with chronic gout can be caused by a tophus.
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PMID:Thoracic spinal cord compression by a tophus. 2015 78

Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are among the leading reasons why patients consult a family or primary health practitioner, take time off work and become disabled. Many of the MSK disorders are more common in the elderly. Thus, as the proportion of the elderly increases all over the world, MSK disorders will make a greater contribution to the global burden of disease. Epidemiological studies have shown that the spectrum of MSK disorders in developing countries is similar to that seen in industrialised countries, but the burden of disease tends to be higher due to a delay in diagnosis or lack of access to adequate health-care facilities for effective treatment. Musculoskeletal pain is very common in the community while fibromyalgia is being recognised as part of a continuum of chronic widespread pain rather than a narrowly defined entity. This will allow research to improve our understanding of pain in a variety of diffuse pain syndromes. The availability of newer more effective therapies has resulted in efforts to initiate therapy at an earlier stage of diseases. The new criteria for rheumatoid arthritis, and the diagnosis of axial and peripheral involvement in spondyloarthritis, permit an earlier diagnosis without having to wait for radiological changes. One of the major health challenges is the global shortage of health workers, and based on current training of health workers and traditional models of care for service delivery, the global situation is unlikely to change in the near future. Thus, new models of care and strategies to train community health-care workers and primary health-care practitioners to detect and initiate the management of patients with MSK disorders at an earlier stage are required. There is also a need for prevention strategies with campaigns to educate and raise awareness among the entire population. Lifestyle interventions such as maintaining an ideal body weight to prevent obesity, regular exercises, avoidance of smoking and alcohol abuse, intake of a balanced diet and nutrients to include adequate calcium and vitamin D, modification of the work environment and avoidance of certain repetitive activities will prevent or ameliorate disorders such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout and MSK pain syndromes including low back pain and work-related pain syndromes. These prevention strategies also contribute to reducing the prevalence and outcome of diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and respiratory diseases. Thus, prevention strategies require urgent attention globally.
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PMID:Improving musculoskeletal health: global issues. 2279 96

The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use and to determine the factors associated with tobacco and alcohol use among chronic disease patients in Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4,803 adult chronic disease patients (mean age 49.3 years; SD=16.5) recruited systematically from health facilities. Fifteen point five percent of those studied were current smokers, 14.5% current smokeless tobacco users, 20.7% daily tobacco users (smokers or smokeless tobacco), 9.3% problem drinkers and 4.1% both daily tobacco users and problem drinkers. Having been diagnosed with hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver disease, and dyslipidemia were positively associated with daily tobacco use; liver disease, gout and other musculoskeletal conditions, kidney disease, and dyslipidemia were positively associated with problem drinking. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, socio-demographics (being male, older age, lower education, coming from Myanmar, being single, divorced or widowed, rural residence and part-time employed), problem drinking and having two or more chronic health conditions were associated with daily tobacco use. Socio-demographics (being male, younger age, coming from Vietnam, being married or cohabiting), daily tobacco use and not having depressive symptoms were found to be associated with problem drinking. High prevalences of daily tobacco use and problem drinking were found among chronic disease patients and several socio-demographic, disease specific, and other health risk behavior factors were identified which can guide substance use intervention programs for this population.
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PMID:TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL USE AMONG CHRONIC DISEASE PATIENTS IN CAMBODIA, MYANMAR AND VIETNAM. 2740 38