Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A statistical method was used in the evaluation of alpha-1-antitrypsin, acid alpha-1-glycoprotein, and haptoglobin in patients with rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, periarthritis, arthrosis with inflammation, and primary arthrosis. A highly significant increase was noted in rheumatic fever and rheumatoid arthritis, less so in arthrosis with inflammation and acute gout, while increases were poorly significant for periarthritis and not significant for primary arthrosis. It can be concluded that the determination of these serum sialoglycoproteins serves to distinguish inflammatory and degenerative rheumatism. Haptoglobin proved the most sensitive of the three. Moreover, there was a distinct correlation between ESR and the three indices. It is felt that sialoglycoproteins act as an indirect pointer to acute inflammation, since their degree of increase is related to the formation of inflammatory proteases.
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PMID:[Value and significance of the immunologic determination of various serum sialoglycoproteins in rheumatic diseases of inflammatory nature]. 11 11

Needle-shaped crystals of 75 to 250 A diameter have been identified by transmission electron microscopy in clumps within synovial fluid mononuclear cell vacuoles in a variety of joint diseases. These crystals, similar to those previously associated with calcific periarthritis, were seen in acute undiagnosed arthritis and in exacerbations of osteoarthritis where they may be inducing a synovitis similar to that seen with urate and pyrophosphate crystals in gout and pseudogout. By light microscopy purple staining cytoplasmic inclusions or extracellular globules can suggest the presence of clumps of these crystals. Apatite clumps can also occasionally appear as small birefringent chunks or rods and thus might mimic urate or calcium pyrophosphate. Ultrastructural appearance, electron probe analysis, and X-ray diffraction pattern were those of apatite. Experimental injection of hydroxyapatite crystals into dog knee joints produces inflammation supporting the potential role for these crystals in joint disease.
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PMID:Arthritis associated with apatite crystals. 19 97

The rheumatologic disorders associated with diabetes mellitus have been reviewed. From the evidence presented, it can be concluded that neuroarthropathy and osteolysis are definitely assoicated with diabetes. Ankylosing hyperostosis and periarthritis probably represent valid associations, and possible, but still unproven associations exist for gout, pseudogout, the carpal tunnel syndrome, osteoarthritis, Dupuytren's contracture and joint contractures. Despite the lack of a proven pathophysiologic basis these interrelationships may be clinically relevant. The discovery of one of these disorders may provide a clue to underlying glucose intolerance, and idabetics should be followed with the knowledge that they are at risk for the development of certain musculoskeletal problems.
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PMID:The rheumatologic manifestations of diabetes mellitus. 30 42

The condition of generalized periarthritis calcarea (hydroxyapatite deposition disease) is characterised by multiple periarticular calcification which can be localised around practically any joint and also in proximity to the spine. This calcification consists of hydroxyapatite crystals which are responsible for the episodes of acute, subacute or chronic periarticular or articular inflammation so typical of the condition. Because of this one can classify periarthritis calcarea along with gout and chondrocalcinosis in the group of crystal deposition diseases. The actual cause of the calcification remains unknown but it is probable that, along with hereditary factors, disturbances in metabolism play an important role. The diagnosis of generalised periarthritis is made from the characteristic X-ray picture in conjunction with the clinical findings and, on occasion, the demonstration of hydroxyapatite crystals in the affected tissues. In the differential diagnosis gout, chondrocalcinosis, various inflammatory rheumatic conditions and septic arthritis must be excluded and various calcification processes, particularly interstitial calcinosis and lipocal cinogranulomatosis, must also be considered. Since the etiology of the calcification remains unknown to specific treatment is available. Symptomatic treatment with colchicine is mostly inadequate which is why one often has recourse to the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids.
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PMID:[Generalized periarthritis calcarea (generalized hydroxyapatite disease)]. 39 90

Disorders of joints are commonly associated with Paget's disease of bone but are often disregarded or attributed to the underlying Pagetic condition. The authors evaluated a 69-year-old man with extensive Paget's disease of bone, degenerative arthritis, calcific periarthritis, and gout. The degenerative arthritis and calcific periarthritis of the shoulders was originally mistaken for Paget's disease of the proximal humerus. The wrist arthritis was attributed to Paget's disease until evaluation of surgical pathology specimens showed intraarticular gouty granulomas. In evaluating and treating a patient with Paget's disease of bone, the orthopedic surgeon should be aware that the successful treatment of associated articular disorders may require therapeutic measures in addition to those used in treating the Paget's disease.
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PMID:The articular manifestations of Paget's disease of bone. A case report. 144 46

A number of cells, chemotactic factors, and inflammatory mediators are implicated in the complex mechanisms underlying crystal-mediated inflammation. Interleukin-8, released from mononuclear cells that have been exposed to urate and other crystals, is a potent chemotaxin and activator of neutrophils. Experimental and clinical observations suggest that joint movements, local biomechanical factors, and previous joint damage may play a role in influencing the intensity of microcrystalline synovitis and the distribution of articular and periarticular crystal deposits in both calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease and gout. There are rare reports of extra-articular calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in tendons, bursae, dura mater, and ligamentum flavum (with radiculomyelopathy) and of massive "tumoral," tophuslike, periarticular calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposits. Synovial fluid levels of ATP, the main substrate for nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase ectoenzyme, which cleaves ATP-releasing inorganic pyrophosphate, are higher in patients with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease than in those with other arthritides, and the levels correlate with inorganic pyrophosphate concentrations. Further reports of acute calcific periarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (hydroxyapatite pseudopodagra) in young women have been described. The mitogenic response of fibroblasts to stimulation with basic calcium phosphate crystals is accompanied by induction and secretion of collagenase and neutral proteases, implicating a role for the crystals in the pathogenesis of both synovial proliferation and joint damage in chronic basic calcium phosphate crystal-associated arthropathy. Subcutaneous cholesterol crystal deposition with tophus formation is extremely rare and has been described in a patient with scleroderma and calcinosis cutis.
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PMID:Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease and other crystal deposition diseases. 150 84

We report on a 43-year-old patient with short stature (hyposomia), allegedly the result of vitamin-D-resistant rickets, previously treated for ankylosing spondylitis. In addition, a uricostatic drug therapy was also necessary because of hyperuricemia with gout attacks. Further examinations revealed the accurate diagnosis: Rathbun's disease. Hypophosphatasia is a hereditary disorder characterized by a deficiency of liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and tissues with defective bone mineralization, bone deformities, short stature, early loss of teeth, and craniosynostosis. In our patient radiographic features were spinal hyperostosis, but with syndesmophytes, chondrocalcinosis of peripheral joints and intervertebral discs, calcific periarthritis and premature closure of skull sutures. Curved ribs and short stature were suggestive of rickets. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the close relations between hypophosphatasia and spondylitis ankylosans in respect to radiology and clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Rathbun syndrome (hypophosphatasia). Clinical aspects: dwarfism and Bechterew symptoms]. 179 58

In this work, the authors have pointed out the role of xeroradiography in the diagnostic assessment of joint disorders associated to dystrophic microcalcifications (gout, pseudogout, acute calcific periarthritis). Within this class of pathology, the physical and technical characteristics of xeroradiography imaging (side-effect; showing of details; wide range of x-ray exposition; small density differences) are capable to depict all the joints and related structures involved. In addition particular attention was paid to drew out the joint disorders associated to dystrophic microcalcifications from the vague and non specific term of "arthropathy".
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PMID:[Xerography of diseases caused by microcrystalline deposits]. 253 2

A family is described in which four members in three generations showed evidence of crystal deposition disease: two developed calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition, one calcific periarthritis, and one mixed crystal deposition disease (gout + chondrocalcinosis). This previously undescribed observation supports a possible role for nonspecific heritable connective tissue factors in predisposing to crystal deposition.
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PMID:Multiple microcrystal deposition within a family. 402 16

The identification of monosodium urate crystals in joint effusions of patients with gouty arthritis established that crystals can cause arthritis. Other crystals causing arthritis have also been identified, including calcium, pyrophosphate dihydrate (chondrocalcinosis, pseudo-gout), calcium hydroxapatite crystals (calcific periarthritis, acute arthritis) and depot corticosteroid crystals (which occasionally cause arthritis when injected intra-articularly.) Crystal-induced arthritis is characterized by acute articular inflammation although rarely causing joint destruction or permanent disability. It is important for clinicians because it can mimic more serious joint diseases like septic arthritis or even rheumatoid arthritis. It can be diagnosed with precision and in some types as in gout can be treated effectively. Also, it constitutes one of the best understood articular inflammatory processes and often is the first clinical clue for the presence of curable metabolic or endocrine diseases.
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PMID:Crystal-induced arthritis. 628 63


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