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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nonarticular causes of elbow pain include muscle strains, ligamentous injuries, epicondylitis, olecranon bursitis, and compressive neuropathies. Overuse and trauma commonly cause these conditions. The history and physical examination differentiate them from an intra-articular process such as synovitis. Laboratory analysis of fluid aspirated from a swollen olecranon bursa is necessary to differentiate infection or gout. X-rays are useful in avulsion fracture, osteochondritis dissecans, and epiphyseal separation. Electromyography with nerve conduction velocities can localize the site of nerve entrapment. Treatment, in general, consists of prevention from further overuse, protection by rest and splinting to allow healing, pharmacologic intervention to reduce inflammation, relieve pain and combat infection, and physical therapy to restore motion and function. Surgery may be necessary to repair torn muscle, to release the wrist extensors in refractory lateral epicondylitis, and to decompress an entrapped nerve.
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PMID:Elbow pain. 306 91

There are relatively few reports concerning management of the musculoskeletal problems of children with renal failure. From a population group of 124 children with renal failure treated at The Children's Hospital, Camperdown, 16 were referred for management of skeletal problems. These problems included genu valgum, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, ankle valgus, procurvatum of the tibia, osteonecrosis, osteochondritis dissecans, "brown tumors," gout, and pathological fracture. The methods of management of these problems are discussed.
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PMID:Skeletal disorders in children with renal failure. 874 98

The management of hip injuries in athletes has evolved significantly in the past few years with the advancement of arthroscopic techniques. The application of minimally invasive surgical techniques has facilitated relatively rapid returns to sporting activity in both recreational and elite athletes. Recent advancements in both hip arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging have elucidated several sources of intraarticular abnormalities that result in chronic and disabling hip symptoms. Many of these conditions were previously unrecognized and, thus, left untreated. Current indications for hip arthroscopy include the presence of symptomatic acetabular labral tears, hip capsule laxity and instability, chondral lesions, osteochondritis dissecans, ligamentum teres injuries, snapping hip syndrome, iliopsoas bursitis, and loose bodies (for example, synovial chondromatosis). Less common indications include management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, bony impingment, synovial abnormalities, crystalline hip arthropathy (gout and pseudogout), infection, and posttraumatic intraarticular debris. In rare cases, hip arthroscopy can be used to temporize the symptoms of mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis with associated mechanical symptoms. This article discusses the current clinical and radiographic methods to detect early hip joint disease and the current indications and surgical techniques of hip arthroscopy.
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PMID:Hip arthroscopy: current indications, treatment options, and management issues. 1462 76

This systematic survey of museum ratite (Pterocnemia, Rhea, Casuarius, Struthio, Dromias and Apteryx) skeletal collections was performed to reevaluate previous perspectives and assess effect of captivity on macroscopically detectable pathology. Trauma-related pathology (e.g. focal periosteal reaction, malformed vertebrae) was significantly more common in captive birds (chi2 = 13.414, P < 0.0001) with variable timing of the different injuries. Pathology unrelated to trauma was equally represented in captive and wild-caught ratites. The latter included osteophytes of osteoarthritis, osteochondritis dissecans, infectious arthritis, gout (reported for the first time in a ratite) and neoplasia.
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PMID:Comparative frequency of osseous macroscopic pathology and first report of gout in captive and wild-caught ratites. 1752 62

Joint pain is a common complaint in pediatrics and is most often attributed to overuse or injury. In the face of persistent, severe, or recurrent symptoms, the differential typically expands to include bony or structural causes versus rheumatologic conditions. Rarely, a child has two distinct causes for joint pain. In this case, an obese 15-year-old male was diagnosed with gout, a disease common in adults but virtually ignored in the field of pediatrics. The presence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) complicated and delayed the consideration of this second diagnosis. Indeed, the absence of gout from this patient's differential diagnosis resulted in a greater than two-year delay in receiving treatment. The patients' BMI was 47.4, and he was also mis-diagnosed with osteochondritis dissecans and underwent medical treatment for JIA, assorted imaging studies, and multiple surgical procedures before the key history of increased pain with red meat ingestion, noticed by the patient, and a subsequent elevated uric acid confirmed his ultimate diagnosis. With the increased prevalence of obesity in the adolescent population, the diagnosis of gout should be an important consideration in the differential diagnosis for an arthritic joint in an overweight patient, regardless of age.
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PMID:Gout in a 15-year-old boy with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case study. 2439 8