Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report their experience with 3 cases of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis observed over 6 years of outpatient radiological practice. The condition presents with the following radiological patterns: 1) clear-cut erosions of the articular surfaces, especially in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and in the metatarso-phalangeal joints of the feet, with symmetrical distribution (not necessarily); 2) osteolytic punched-out areas in the epiphyseal spongiosa, ranging in size from 1 mm to over 1 cm; 3) no osteoporosis, no osteo-proliferative or periosteal reactions, not even in the presence of large osteoarticular destructions; 4) frequent atlanto-epistropheal subluxation; 5) articular ankylosis at the sacroiliac joints only. The association of the above patterns and the relatively benign clinical course distinguish multicentric reticulohistiocytosis from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis arthritis, erosive osteoarthritis, and gout. A reliable diagnosis can be suggested on the basis of radiological findings alone, even before cutaneous or mucosal lesions appear--which are, at any rate, not sure to appear and typical of nails only. An unquestionable diagnosis can be made at histology of synovial and/or cutaneous nodules. Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis is considered an uncommon condition (nearly 100 cases in international literature to 1989); the authors believe it to be commoner though often misdiagnosed as a "variant of rheumatoid arthritis".
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PMID:[Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (lipoid dermato-arthritis). A radiologic study of 3 cases]. 223 86

For arthritis or arthralgia there is no simple system for diagnostic analysis, but whether it is polyarthritis or monoarthritis, acute or chronic in onset, some general rules apply. Common causes include osteoarthritis (primary and secondary) and viral infection. Drugs should be considered, including those inducing gout. It is still imperative not to miss rheumatic fever, sepsis and tuberculosis in assessment. We may encounter more cases of Lyme disease presenting as arthritis.
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PMID:Arthralgia: a diagnostic strategy. 224 64

Adherent synovial cells from both 13 patients without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (gout, osteoarthritis and meniscal lesion) and 8 patients with RA consisted of dendritic cells, macrophage-like cells and fibroblast-like cells after cloning in a similar fashion as reported in our previous paper. All the adherent synovial cells from patients without RA did not release interleukin 1 (IL-1) beta and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) spontaneously, while those cells released comparable amounts of IL-1 beta, but not PGE2 to RA cells after type II collagen stimulation. Only the synovial cells from RA, irrespective of morphology and cloning, released IL-1 beta and PGE2 without stimulation. Nonrheumatoid synovial cells may differ functionally from RA cells.
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PMID:Adherent synovial cells from nonrheumatoid arthritis do not release interleukin 1 beta and prostaglandin E2 spontaneously in longterm culture. 225 87

The paretic limb is spared in patients who develop rheumatic diseases after a hemiplegic stroke. This has been described previously in rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and osteoarthritis. A similar presentation in a case of scleroderma is described in this report. Scleroderma skin changes are absent in the completely paretic limb and were markedly reduced in the weak left leg. Inflammation may be modified either by neuropeptides or by an anatomical neurological lesion and this may explain the phenomenon.
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PMID:Sparing effect of hemiplegia on scleroderma. 227 Sep 74

It has been demonstrated in this 58-year old woman that osteoarthrosis OA coexisted in a hip with microscopic gouty tophi. It is demonstrated that the bone erosions around the hip in this case were due to OA and not gouty arthritis. It is believed that OA is not a consequence of gout and that such an association between gout and OA is exceptional. It is maintained that a true association exists between OA and ochronosis while a relationship may exist between OA and chondrocalcinosis, but the nature of this relationship is not clear.
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PMID:Case report 591: Osteoarthrosis (OA) of hip associated with microscopic gouty tophi. 232 61

Synovial fluid samples (139) from 121 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, pseudogout, chronic pyrophosphate arthritis, gout, and reactive arthritis were analysed for cartilage proteoglycan components. Keratan sulphate (KS) epitope was determined by a competitive radioimmunoassay, and total sulphated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAG) were determined after papain digestion by a specific dye binding assay. Increased concentration of both KS epitope and S-GAG were found in synovial fluid from joints with acute inflammatory arthropathy (gout, pseudogout, and reactive arthritis). Analysis of consecutive samples from the same joint at different stages showed that the concentration of KS epitope or total S-GAG varied with acute inflammatory activity. In samples from patients with chronic conditions during active and inactive inflammatory phases concentrations were much lower and not distinguishable among these disease groups. The detection of raised concentration of proteoglycan components may reflect the rapid depletion or greatly increased turnover of proteoglycan in the articular cartilage during acute inflammation in the joint. This did not appear to be sustained in most patients with chronic joint diseases.
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PMID:Increased concentrations of proteoglycan components in the synovial fluids of patients with acute but not chronic joint disease. 246 86

The disease caused by the deposition of dehydrated calcium pyrophosphate crystals (chondrocalcinosis) is a metabolic joint disease poorly known outside rheumatologic media. It is estimated that about 5% of the adult population has deposits in the knees and that prevalence increases with age. The incidence of symptomatic disease is about the same as that of gout. The clinical presentation is variable, from pseudogouty forms, pseudorheumatoid arthritis or secondary degenerative joint disease, to 20% of asymptomatic cases. In the systematic evaluation family history should be sought, and metabolic diseases such as gout, diabetes, hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism should be ruled out. The condition is treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and although the outcome is generally favorable, severe destructive joint disease may develop. In the present article we review this condition on the basis of the presentation forms of 10 of our patients.
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PMID:[Chondrocalcinosis: a diagnostic-therapeutic approach. Presentation of 10 clinical cases]. 251 33

Synovial fluids from patients were examined, including 15 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 9 cases of sero-negative arthropathy (3 cases of ankylosing spondylitis, 6 cases of reactive arthritis); 1 case of gout arthritis; and 5 cases of osteoarthritis. The synovial fluids contained 330-72600 white blood cells/mm3, 9-97% of which were granulocytes, in RA patients. Other physical features of RA fluids were: straw green color, cloudy or unclear; moderate viscosity; fair or poor mucin clotting; lack of crystals and bacteria. Synthesis of the above may contribute to the diagnosis of RA. We also found that IgG, IgA and IgM of serum and IgG of synovial fluids in 15 cases of RA were higher than in the other arthritis groups; the IgM-RF positive rates of RA synovial fluids and sera were 20% and 35.7% respectively, while all were negative in the other groups. Immunoglobulins and complement levels in the synovial fluids of all the tested arthritis cases were about half of those in the serum.
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PMID:[The clinical significance of synovial fluid examination]. 253 73

According to recent investigations neopterin (a pyrazinopyrimidine derivative) is a biochemical marker that reflects the activity of the proinflammatory immunocellular system of the synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interferon gamma, derived from antigen activated T lymphocytes, stimulates macrophages to synthesise and release neopterin into the culture supernatant in vitro. To extend this in vitro model to a clinical level a sensitive new radioimmunoassay technique was used to measure neopterin concentrations in the synovial fluid (SF) of 17 patients with active RA, nine with osteoarthritis, and six with acute gout, and in that of 12 controls undergoing meniscectomy. The SF neopterin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with RA than in the other groups of patients, particularly the controls. Multivariant analysis showed that SF neopterin concentrations correspond better with the systemic inflammatory activity of RA than with the local disease activity of the knee joints. Thus the study strengthens the hypothesis that neopterin reflects the essential role of the activated immunocellular reaction in the pathogenesis of RA.
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PMID:Correlation between synovial neopterin and inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis. 278 74

We studied 25 patients with crystal-proven gout or roentgenographic evidence of gouty arthritis, or both, in finger joints involved with nodal osteoarthritis (OA). These patients were elderly (mean age 71.4 years), and 72% of them were receiving diuretic therapy. Roentgenographic findings, in addition to features typical of OA, included soft tissue densities (tophi), with or without calcification, large intraarticular erosions, characteristic nonmarginal cortical erosions, and periarticular osteolysis. We conclude that urate crystals mediate episodes of acute inflammation in certain patients with nodal OA. This association is noted primarily in elderly patients of both sexes, especially in those receiving diuretic therapy.
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PMID:Urate-mediated inflammation in nodal osteoarthritis: clinical and roentgenographic correlations. 278 53


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