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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The urinary 17-ketosteroids are a group of compounds derived from complex steroids produced by the adrenal cortex, testis, or ovary. The method of determining the amount excreted has been simplified so that it is available for routine diagnostic purposes. Usually the amount is increased in diseases in which there is hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex due to tumor or hyperplasia, and decreased in lesions that impair the function of the adrenal cortex. Other conditions such as myxedema, eunuchism, gout, and arthritis may alter the excretion of the 17-ketosteroids. Low levels are also found in the young and in the aged. Case histories are presented to illustrate the findings in the following diseases: Tumors of the adrenal cortex with (a) masculinization, (b) Cushing's syndrome with virilism and, (c) hirsutism; as well as in gigantism with acromegaly, in gout, eunuchism, Addison's disease, myxedema, and severe panhypopituitarism.
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PMID:The clinical significance of urinary 17-ketosteroid assays. 1540 26

Abstract We describe a very unusual case of a 49-year-old man with tophaceous gout involving and infiltrating the base of the anterior cruciate ligament of the left knee. To our knowledge, such a case has never been reported in the literature, although gout is well known and widely studied. Magnetic resonance imaging findings and differential diagnosis were analyzed before arthroscopy. Tophaceous gout was suspected at arthroscopy and confirmed on pathologic examination. Treatment consisted of partial removal of the tumor by arthroscopy, conserving the anterior cruciate ligament.
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PMID:An unusual case of tophaceous gout involving the anterior cruciate ligament. 1552 21

Systematic survey of mammalian skeletons has revealed patterns of disease reproducible over geologic time. Systematic examination of non-passerine bird skeletons also reveals patterns of disease and identifies those disorders amenable to epidemiologic assessment. Neoplasia, infection, osteochondromatosis and gout are extremely rare, precluding phylogenetic comparisons--at least those based on macroscopic examination of skeletons. Osteoarthritis, paradoxically, is identified at sufficient population frequency for meaningful investigation.
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PMID:Epidemiologic assessment of trauma-independent skeletal pathology in non-passerine birds from museum collections. 1619 4

Symptomatic gout tophi of the spine are a rare but well-characterized complication of tophaceous gout. The authors report the case of a 29-year-old previously healthy man who presented with L-5 radiculopathy. Lumbar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a 4.5 x 4.5 x 2.8-cm large gout tophus mimicking a malignant spinal tumor or abscess. The tophus completely destroyed both L-4 and L-5 facet joints and the left L-4 lamina and spread epidurally from L-3 to L-5, compressing the left L-5 nerve root. There has been no similar case reported so far with respect to the extent of bone destruction. The authors describe the case history and present intraoperative, MR imaging, and histological findings.
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PMID:A large, erosive intraspinal and paravertebral gout tophus. Case report. 1638 Dec 13

We report a 61-year-old, male patient complaining from prolonged lesion on his great toe that has been previously treated surgically. Histopathological examination of toenail specimen revealed the presence of nests of atypical tumor cells that led to the diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma. Four years ago, he was diagnosed as gout due to extreme erythema and edema in the same toe. He has been taken to surgical treatment and chemotherapy and is still undergoing. As this disease is seen very rarely, it can be misdiagnosed. This situation also has poor prognosis. We presented a case of subungual amelanotic melanoma, as it is rare disease, early and correct diagnosis is very important.
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PMID:Subungual amelanotic malignant melanoma. 1650 87

Gout is a metabolic disorder in which there is hyperuricemia caused by an increase in production or a decrease in excretion of uric acid. Long-lasting hyperuricemia causes the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints and soft tissues, triggering gouty arthritis and, if not properly treated, the formation of gouty tophi. The diagnosis of gout is usually based on clinical presentation and laboratory examinations, long before any abnormality can be demonstrated with imaging. Radiography is the primary imaging modality used in the initial evaluation of gouty arthritis. Ultrasonography, CT, MRI, and nuclear medicine are seldom necessary. Occasionally a tophus has an unusual presentation and simulates neoplasm or infection prompting the utilization of cross-sectional imaging for further evaluation and surgical planning. Cross-sectional imaging is also used in areas that are difficult to visualize on radiographs such as spine, sacroiliac joints, and soft tissues.
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PMID:The advanced imaging of gouty tophi. 1690 Oct 82

Tophi deposition is a well-recognized complication of chronic gout, but usually lacks obvious symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings may allow a relatively specific diagnosis to be rendered. In this study, we report an unusual case of gouty tophi presenting as an intra-articular synovial tumor of the knee, blocking the range of motion. We also describe its MRI appearance, which was compatible with the clinical suspicion. After arthroscopic excision of the "tumor," the patient was symptom free.
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PMID:Arthroscopic treatment for gouty tophi mimicking an intra-articular synovial tumor of the knee. 1690

This review presents an algorithm for the standardised histopathological diagnostics of synovial biopsies and synovectomy specimens. In general, changes of the synovium can be inflammatory or non-inflammatory. To the latter group belong certain benign tumors such as the diffuse variant of the tenosynovial giant cell tumor, lipoma or synovial chondromatosis, additionally the rare group of storage diseases should be kept in mind. Inflammatory diseases can be discriminated into crystal-induced arthropathies such as gout and pseudogout, into granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and foreign-body inoculation, and into the large group of non-granulomatous synovitis. This group is by far the most common, and it often causes difficulties in assigning the histopathological findings to a concrete diagnosis. Therefore, the synovitis-score should be applied as a diagnostic device in these cases, leading to the diagnosis of a low-grade synovitis (which is associated with degenerative arthropathies) or of a high-grade synovitis (associated with rheumatic diseases), the sensitivity and specificity being 60.5% and 95.5%, respectively.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of chronic synovitis]. 1703 77

Rheumatic complaints are common in patients with HIV, and HIV positivity confers an increased susceptibility in populations with similar risk factors for HIV infection. With the advent of the modern combined antiretroviral treatment, HAART has had a profound beneficial effect on survival in HIV-infected patients, with lifelong control of HIV infection and normalization of life expectancy; but it has also contributed to both an altered frequency and a different nature of rheumatic complications now being observed in this population, with new rheumatic complications, such as osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, gout, mycobacterial, mycotic osteoarticular infections, and neoplasia perhaps more prevalent. Rheumatologists, internists, and general physicians need to be aware of these changes to provide optimal diagnosis and how to disclose the results to their patients. They also need to be familiar with the management of HIV infection and to direct careful attention to the prevention of HIV transmission in health care facilities.
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PMID:Rheumatic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. 1711 95

Links between rheumatic manifestations and neoplasms are today an evidence. Certain syndromes have epidemiologic studies confirming strong association with malignancy, such as dermatomyositis and polymyositis, hyperthrophic osteoarthropathy and Lambert - Eaton myasthenic syndrome. These disorders may mimic idiopathic conditions, difficulting diagnosis. Besides that, longstanding rheumatic syndromes may, in their course, behave like premalignant conditions, as a result of their pathophysiology or drugs used in their treatment. The mechanisms whereby the neoplasm leads to rheumatic symptoms are: direct invasion of the musculoskeletal system, synovial reaction of justa-articular bony or capsular carcinomatous, secondary gout and paraneoplastic manifestations. Neoplasms constitute an important admission cause in Internal Medicine wards and rheumatic manifestations are common causes of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology appointments. The objective of the present work is to review the literature concerning rheumatic syndromes more frequently associated with malignancy, characterizing features that may suggest the presence of a hidden neoplasm as well as the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of their presence in malignant diseases.
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PMID:[Rheumatic manifestations and neoplasms]. 1733 43


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