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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigations were made on a total of 92 patients with gout and hyperuricemia. 30% had no clinical signs of spinal involvement. The remaining 70% were examined radiologically and by xero-radiography. Examination revealed signs of erosion of vertebral bodies, spondylodiscitis, osteopenia, manifestations of Forestier's disease and changes on sacroiliac joints. In 35% of subjects there were polytopic hyperostoses including an increased incidence of calcifications around the large joints and periosteal appositions at the periphery, particularly on the finger and toe tips. The hypothesis was raised that massive calcifications and manifestations of hyperostosis and ossification of the ligaments and tendons (osteodesmosis) in gout may correlate with a latent glycide metabolism disorder like in Forestier's disease.
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PMID:[The spine and polytopic hyperostoses in gout and hyperuricemia]. 662 69

Ninety-nine males with gout were identified and their radiographs examined for features of vertebral hyperostosis and entheseal changes (diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, DISH). Of patients over the age of 45 years 43% fulfilled criteria for diagnosis of DISH. New bone formation in other regions of the skeleton was also common. The overhanging margin sign, seen in well developed tophi, was noted only in patients with prominent new bone formation elsewhere in their skeleton. Some of the radiologic manifestations of gout may be modified by a co-existent tendency, in these patients, to form new bone. It is suggested that a common metabolic factor, possibly hyperinsulinaemia, underlies the association of gout and hyperostosis.
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PMID:Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and new bone formation in male gouty subjects. A radiologic study. 681 6

In the acute stage of gout, the hallux is most commonly involved followed by the mediotarsal joints and the Achilles tendons. Diagnosis of gout is established when typical monosodium urate crystals can be identified. Apart from NSAIDs, colchicine can be used when there is no renal impairment. Hypouricemic agents (allopurinol or uricosuric drugs) must be initiated one or two weeks after the acute attack of gout because there are risks of exacerbation. Losartan as well as fenofibrate have uricosuric properties. Chondrocalcinosis of the foot can be observed in hemochromatosis. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) can cause severe talagia. Hypercholesterolemia can induce xanthomas of the Achilles tendons. Apatite rheumatism can be observed in chronic dialysis patients.
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PMID:[Involvement of the foot in metabolic diseases]. 1792 16

Anterior Cervical Hypertrophic Osteophytosis (ACHO) is a clinical entity caused by degenerative changes of the cervical spine. ACHO may also be found in Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)1-3, Ankylosing Spondylitis and Post-traumatic Osteophytogenesis. In a minority of cases it may lead to oesophagical manifestations and less commonly, to respiratory complaints. The authors report the case of a 75-year-old male with a personal history of chronic tophaceous gout and chronic obstructive lung disease. The patient presented with a history of progressive worsening of dyspnoea and dysphagia (for solid food) as well as foreign body sensation at the cervical level. On general examination, the patient presented with slightly diminished breath sounds and an increased expiratory time. On rheumatologic examination, the patient had moderate limitation of all cervical movements, crepitating knees and multiple gout tophi in both hands. Cervical plain radiographs showed large anterior osteophytes at the level of C4 and C5. Flexible videobronchoscopy was also performed, showing an angle of distortion in the upper third of the tracheal wall, caused by extrinsic compression. These changes were confirmed by cervical CT scan which also documented an anterior sliding of the oesophagus due to large anterior cervical osteophytes. Videofluoroscopic swallow study revealed the presence of paradoxal contraction of the cricopharyngeal muscle. The patient was treated with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and a skeletal muscle relaxant. Dysphagia improved but not the respiratory symptoms. Although there was indication for surgical removal of the hypertrophic osteophytes, the patient refused surgery and continues to be followed-up regularly at our outpatient clinic.
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PMID:[Tracheal stenosis by extrinsic compression: a case of anterior cervical hypertrophic osteophytosis]. 2097 45

The mediaeval necropolis of Bolgare - St. Chierico is an important site in northern Italy, located in the Bergamo Province (about 40 km East of Milan). In order to reconstruct aspects of the demographic and health status of this Lombard population, macroscopic (morphological, metric and radiographic) and microscopic analyses were performed on over 400 skeletons for the assessments of sex (cranial and pelvic morphology, metrics), age (subadults: dental and bone development; adults: mainly pubic symphysis, auricular surface of the ilium, 4th rib) and stature, for the determination of ancestry and the identification of pathologies. Results proved the sample to be heterogeneous with males, females, adults and subadults. The sample seemed to be composed of several groups, including individuals with northern or eastern (Uralic) European features and, on the other hand, individuals with central European or Mediterranean characteristics. The first may be indicative of migrations of Lombards (suggested by tall stature estimates); the second could be considered autochthonous, bearing features more typical of northern Italian populations. Among palaeopathological finds, the study showed the presence of tuberculosis, gout, DISH and degenerative pathologies particularly on the pelvis and spinal column. The population of Bolgare constitutes one of the main sources of anthropological data on Lombards in Italy.
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PMID:The necropolis of Bolgare (Lombardy, Italy): Anthropological and paleopathological features of a Lombard population. 2570 6

Mummified remains have been successfully studied radiologically since the end of the 19th century, giving rise to a specific field of research-paleoradiology. In this paper, we present the results of the first radiological investigation of a collection of Sicilian mummies found in a subterranean chamber beneath the Capuchin Church of Savoca. The chamber contains a number of preserved bodies, either held in special niches in the walls or interred within coffins. A recent detailed radiological examination of these mummies allowed the authors to determine information relating to the funerary treatment and some of the pathological alterations witnessed in the remains. Specifically, evidence of gout and DISH was identified, along with frequent degenerative joint disease, suggestive of rich dietary habits and a longer life expectancy. These findings were interpreted in the light of historical information and the social status of the subjects concerned.
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PMID:Paleoradiology of the Savoca Mummies, Sicily, Italy (18th-19th Centuries AD). 2599 33