Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the disease association with HLA-DR 3/4 heterozygotes, 1,074 subjects, who had been analyzed consecutively for HLA-DR antigens for organ transplantation or to study the disease association with HLA from June 1984 to June 1986, were enrolled in this study. Of these subjects, 278 had diabetes, 168 were healthy controls or donors, and 628 had other diseases. Of the 1,074 subjects, 35 subjects (3.2%) were DR 3/4 heterozygotes and 1,039 subjects (96.7%) were non-DR 3/4 heterozygotes. Among the 35 DR 3/4 positive subjects, 23 were diabetic (65.7%), two were healthy donors (5.7%), 10 had other diseases (28.5%) such as recurrent abortion (n = 3), hepatoma (n = 2), Graves' disease (n = 1), idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (n = 1), IgA nephropathy (n = 1), uveitis (n = 1) and gout (n = 1). Among the 23 DR 3/4 positive diabetics, 19 (82.6%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), three (13.0%) had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and one (4.3%) had maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). When these DR 3/4 positive diabetics were compared with the other disease and control/donor groups, significant increases in the relative risk were seen for IDDM patients (RR = 32.61, 43.80, respectively, p < 0.001). No significant association could be seen for NIDDM and MODY patients. In those non-diabetic patients positive for DR 3/4, there was no significant association with DR 3/4 heterozygotes. These findings suggest that: 1) DR 3/4 positive subjects are highly associated with IDDM; and 2) there is no significant association of DR 3/4 with NIDDM, MODY and other non-diabetic diseases.
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PMID:Assessment of the association of HLA-DR 3/4 heterozygotes with diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic diseases. 136 26

We have conducted an immunocytochemical analysis to investigate the presence of the recently described vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human kidney, using the anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody 1.4C3. In normal control tissue VCAM-1 was present on some (but not all) parietal epithelial cells lining Bowman's capsule. Forty-nine of fifty clinical biopsy specimens were characterised by the additional presence of VCAM-1 on proximal tubular cells. This was most marked in biopsies of patients with interstitial nephritis or systemic vasculitis with crescentic nephritis, but was also observed in biopsies with minimal change, IgA or lupus nephropathy, or from patients with diabetic nephropathy, amyloid, or gout. Proximal tubule VCAM-1 correlated significantly with the number of transferrin-receptor-positive leukocytes (r = 0.607, p less than 0.0001) in the interstitium, but not with expression of HLA-DR by tubular cells. Surprisingly, VCAM-1 was not observed on vascular endothelial cells in these biopsies, even in the presence of a marked infiltrate; this contrasts with other tissues (e.g. skin and synovium). The presence of VCAM-1 on tubular cells in the inflamed kidney indicates the potential for these cells to interact with mononuclear cells, either as accessory cells or as cytotoxic targets. The unexpected absence of VCAM-1 in renal vascular endothelial cells suggests local differences in the endothelial cells of this organ.
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PMID:Expression of VCAM-1 in the normal and diseased kidney. 172 89