Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018099 (gout)
 5,192 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This review presents up-to-date information on many unusual causes of musculoskeletal disorders. These disorders are grouped together because in each there is abnormal accumulation of normal materials or accumulation of abnormal materials in cells or interstitial tissues. Most of these conditions or their associated musculoskeletal manifestations are rare. However, they may present to the adult or pediatric rheumatologist for diagnosis or therapy or both. Gout, because of its prevalence, has been excluded from this review, but it is included briefly in the discussion of the specific arthritides associated with hyperlipidemias. Disorders associated with abnormal lipid storage in which bone and joint pathology occur frequently include Gaucher's disease, histiocytosis-X, and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. The rarer disorders of this type discussed are Fabry's disease, sea-blue histiocytosis, and Farber's disease. The abnormal accumulation of metal ions in hemochromatosis and in Wilson's disease are probably causative, either directly or indirectly, in the musculoskeletal features of these diseases, while in ochronosis, calcium crystal deposition accompanies the cartilage degradation characteristic of this disease.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemias, lipid storage disorders, metal storage disorders, and ochronosis. 204 43

The disease caused by the deposition of dehydrated calcium pyrophosphate crystals (chondrocalcinosis) is a metabolic joint disease poorly known outside rheumatologic media. It is estimated that about 5% of the adult population has deposits in the knees and that prevalence increases with age. The incidence of symptomatic disease is about the same as that of gout. The clinical presentation is variable, from pseudogouty forms, pseudorheumatoid arthritis or secondary degenerative joint disease, to 20% of asymptomatic cases. In the systematic evaluation family history should be sought, and metabolic diseases such as gout, diabetes, hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism should be ruled out. The condition is treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and although the outcome is generally favorable, severe destructive joint disease may develop. In the present article we review this condition on the basis of the presentation forms of 10 of our patients.
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PMID:[Chondrocalcinosis: a diagnostic-therapeutic approach. Presentation of 10 clinical cases]. 251 33

Less than 30 years ago, McCarty and others first described a syndrome which presented with gout-like attacks of arthritis but was due to CPPD crystals instead of urate crystals. They termed the condition "pseudogout." It was noted that this was often associated with chondrocalcinosis and it was commonly held that cartilage calcification had to be present if the diagnosis was to be suggested on the basis of the radiographic findings. Subsequently, a clinical and radiographic pattern has emerged in which the diagnosis of CPPD deposition disease can be suggested in the absence of chondrocalcinosis. This condition is termed pyrophosphate arthropathy and is differentiated from degenerative disease by the pattern and distribution of the joint disease. It is important to recognize CPPD deposition disease because of its association with other diseases, such as hemochromatosis and hyperparathyroidism. Although painful periarticular tendinous calcification (peritendinitis calcarea) resulting from the deposition of calcium HA crystals has long been recognized, it has only recently been discovered that intra-articular HA can be associated with an acute inflammatory synovitis. Additionally, patients are now being identified who have CPPD deposition at one anatomic location and HA deposition at another. Differentiation of these various types of crystal-induced arthropathies should lead to more effective therapy in the future.
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PMID:Chondrocalcinosis and other calcifications. 284 68

The articular chondrocalcinosis--conditioned by the formation of crystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate in the joint cartilage--increasingly gains clinical interest. The symptomatology is multivariant: mono-, oligo- and polyarticular with simultaneous localisation in the discs. Characteristic, but not proving, is the calcification demonstrated in the X-ray picture. Apart from the familial forms increasingly are observed spontaneous, solitary cases in persons older than 50 years (in 3% of all postmortem examinations). The chondrocalcinosis gains differential-diagnostic importance as to primary osteoarthroses, attacks of gout, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases of bones and joints. It appears symptomatically in hyperparathyroidism and hemochromatosis. The present paper gives as survey on the modern state of knowledge concerning clinic, heredity, diagnostics and pathogenesis.
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PMID:[Polymorphism of articular chondrocalcinosis]. 713 87

The ankle is a typical synovial joint. It is affected by systemic as well as locally limited synovial processes. Looking at oligo- and polyarticular diseases it is affected by Reiter's Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis in young patients. In middle aged people Crystal Synovitides dominate the picture and in old age Gout and tumorous lesions are seen. Looking at monarticular inflammatory processes one has to think of tuberculosis first. Crystal-induced monarthropathies such as hemochromatosis can also start at the ankle. In this review we describe the possible inflammatory diseases of the talocrural joint and present a diagnostic algorithm.
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PMID:[Synovial lesions of the upper ankle joint]. 767 20

Articular chondrocalcinosis is identified by radiological opacity of articular cartilage and fibrocartilage with calcium intensity. This disease is often asymptomatic. The most significant clinical pattern is an acute arthritis, caused by microcrystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, the so-called pseudo-gout syndrome. Chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy can blend mechanical illness and inflammatory flares. When the X-rays are normal or display ordinary osteoarthritis, arthrocentesis makes the diagnosis thanks to the identification of calcium pyrophosphate crystals by polarizing microscope. Large joints are usually involved but the disease can impair the spine, small joints, tendon sheaths or synovial bursae. Though unpredictable the evolution can be worse than that of common osteoarthritis and strike joints that are usually spared by primary arthrosis. One can even see articular destruction. Thus certain patients may resemble rheumatoid arthritis, others a Charcot joint. The disease does not exist in children. Its outcome before the age of fifty implies the search for familial occurrence or a secondary form (hyperparathyroidism, hypophosphatasia, hemochromatosis, hypomagnesemia). The sporadic, primary chondrocalcinosis is very frequent in old age.
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PMID:[Clinical manifestations of joint chondrocalcinosis]. 817 72

The clinical features and laboratory findings of 91 Thai patients (33 males and 58 females) with CPPD crystal deposition disease were studied. Their average age was 71.54 years. Acute monoarthritis and oligoarthritis were the two most common forms of presentation and were seen in 89 per cent of cases. The knee, wrist and ankle were the three most common joints involved. Associated diseases were common and included hypertension (30 cases), renal insufficiency (23 cases), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17 cases), coronary heart disease (13 cases) and diabetes mellitus (12 cases). Eleven patients had malignancies. Five patients had concomitant gout and CPPD crystal deposition disease. The knee and the wrist were the two most common sites of chondrocalcinosis. Of 67 patients who had thyroid function tested, 2 had hyperthyroidism and 5 had hypothyroidism. Hypomagnesemia was seen in 19 per cent. None had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatasia, hemochromatosis or hyperparathyroidism. In contrast to the western series, acute arthritis in our series responded well to oral colchicine alone.
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PMID:Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition: a clinical and laboratory analysis of 91 Thai patients. 1044 78

Nutrition is defined as it relates to deficiencies, toxicities, and physiological states in birds. Levels of some nutrient requirements are given along with signs of deficiency. Signs of toxicity and the levels of nutrients required to produce them are discussed for energy, calcium, and protein. Behavioral aspects of nutrition in weaning, obesity, and dietary changes are characterized. The role of nutrition in diseases such as infection, hemochromatosis, achromatosis, gout, liver disease, and kidney disease are discussed.
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PMID:Psittacine nutrition. 1122 87

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is a disease of the elderly and extremely rare in young individuals. If young people develop CPPD crystal deposition disease, it may be associated with metabolic diseases such as hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism, hypophosphatasia, hypomagnesemia, Wilson's disease, hypothyroidism, gout, acromegaly, and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Therefore, in young-onset polyarticular CPPD crystal deposition disease, investigation for predisposing metabolic conditions is warranted. We report a case of a young male patient with idiopathic CPPD crystal deposition disease, who did not have any evidences of metabolic diseases after thorough evaluations. As far as we know, this is the first report of a young male patient presented with idiopathic CPPD crystal deposition disease.
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PMID:Idiopathic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease in a young male patient: a case report. 1467 57

Metabolic diseases are common diseases in the Western world. Many of these diseases, including diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoproteinemia, gout, calcinosis, and hemochromatosis, are associated with skin diseases or often present with specific cutaneous signs. A knowledge of cutaneous manifestations helps to identify patients at risk, establish the internal diagnosis, and monitor the adverse effects of therapy.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations of metabolic diseases: uncommon presentations. 1617 79


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