Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intermediate filament proteins are cytoskeletal components in most vertebrate eukaryotic cells and some of these proteins are recognized markers of cell differentiation. To investigate the expression of intermediate filament proteins of the S-phase cells in human glial tumors, we have examined fourteen patients with benign and malignant gliomas by immunohistochemical study using in vivo labeling with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Five glioblastoma multiforme, five anaplastic astrocytoma, three fibrillary astrocytoma and one gemistocytic astrocytoma were studied. All patients were given intravenous infusion of BrdU (10 mg/kg) one hour before craniotomy for labeling the S-phase cells of the tumors. Surgical specimens were immersed in 70% ethanol, and embedded in paraffin. Four micron sections were immunostained with anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody (Mab) and anti-vimentin Mab by avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method, and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. All sections (except for case 4) were double-labeled with anti-BrdU Mab and anti-GFAP serum, or with anti-BrdU Mab and anti-vimentin Mab. The population of BrdU-labeled cells (i.e. S-phase cells), and double-labeled cells were analyzed. The proportions of BrdU-labeled cells ranged from 6.1% to 17.0% (average 11.1%) in glioblastoma multiforme, from 3.5% to 15.6% (average 8.8%) in anaplastic astrocytoma, and from 2.0% to 2.8% (average 2.5%) in fibrillary astrocytomas. One gemistocytic astrocytoma showed S-phase fraction of 1.7%. Two recurrent cases of anaplastic astrocytoma showed higher S-phase fractions than other non-recurrent cases of anaplastic astrocytoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of S-phase cells in human gliomas]. 246 Jan 17

Morphological changes of the basement membrane associated with endothelial proliferation in astrocytic tumors are studied in this report. Laminin is known to be a specific glycoprotein of basement membranes. We applied this characteristic of laminin to enable us to observe various characteristics of the basement membrane. The presence of laminin in 13 glioblastomas, 15 anaplastic astrocytomas, 7 astrocytomas, and 6 pilocytic astrocytomas was examined by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) staining of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical specimens. White matter from five normal cerebral hemispheres obtained during autopsy and subsequently embedded using the same method, were used as a control. Laminin was observed at the glioma-mesenchymal junction in astrocytic tumors, and the deposits of laminin made the tumor vasculature come into intense relief. The destructive changes of the basement membrane, including disruption, thickening, disconnection, dissociation, winding, and conjunction, became greater with progressive endothelial proliferation in astrocytic tumors. Those changes were seen to be most remarkable in glioblastoma. In addition, there was a marked variety of morphological change in the basement membrane in different areas of glioblastomas, although the changes were almost constant in other astrocytic tumors. We present a schematic hypothesis of the stages of angiogenesis in glioblastoma based on the above morphological changes of the basement membrane and discuss it in this report.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Morphological changes in basement membrane associated with endothelial proliferation in astrocytic tumors--an immunohistochemical study of laminin]. 247 10

Routinely processed biopsy material, including 56 gliomas of varying malignancy, 10 meningiomas, 10 brain metastases and 12 brain abscesses, was examined for the presence and distribution of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and albumin using the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. In all specimens the deposition of stained immunoglobulins (Ig) was strictly associated with that of albumin even on cell surfaces. Thus there was no evidence for specific membrane binding or cytotoxicity. The interstitial proteins demonstrated are most likely derived from the plasma by blood-brain barrier breakdown which occurs in nearly all tumors and abscesses. Obvious intracellular staining for Ig and albumin was seen in glioma cells and astrocytes only. This is suggested to be due to active protein uptake as a specific feature of astrocyte differentiation which decreases with malignancy and is lost in glioblastomas. Evidence for local Ig production was found in 8 out of 10 metastases with striking IgG- and IgA-positive plasma cells within lymphocytic infiltrations and in one meningioma showing conspicuous plasma cells components. No glioma contained Ig-bearing plasma cells, though round cell infiltrations were present in 64% of the unselected cases. The significance of these findings regarding the immunological situation in brain tumors is briefly discussed.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical demonstration of immunoglobulins and albumin in human brain tumors. 254 57

Papanicolaou-destained imprint smears from 24 brain tumors were investigated by means of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (ABC) with the use of monoclonal antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Positive staining reaction to GFAP antibody has been demonstrated in cells from the following tumors: astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme, mixed glioma, and ependymoma. The reaction for GFAP was negative for the following tumors: medulloblastoma, neurilemmoma, melanoma, hemangioblastoma, and metastatic tumors. In astrocytoma, the cell bodies and processes were positive with delicate fibrillary patterns; in anaplastic astrocytoma, cytoplasm and the processes were intensively stained. In glioblastoma multiforme, the staining patterns were also mixed, and the short, thickened processes were characteristic. Use of both a smear preparation and the immunoperoxidase staining technique is of great value in diagnosis of tumors of the central nervous system.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical demonstration of glial fibrillary acidic protein in imprint smears of human brain tumors. 283 75

A permanent human brain malignant glioma cell line, GBM8401/TSGH,NDMC, has been successfully established from a 31-year-old Chinese female with brain glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in monolayer culture and has been subcultured for more than 100 passages during 24 months in vitro. The tumor cell doubling time in vitro was approximately 38 hr. The tumorigenicity in athymic nude mice was observed; the tumor volume doubling time was approximately 4 days. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and 10-nm-diameter intermediate filaments were identified by immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP), immunofluorescence assay, and transmission electron microscopic methods. The scanning electron microscope revealed numerous surface microvilli and various-sized blebs. Karyotypic analysis showed this malignant glioma cell line to be of human origin, near-diploid with a modal chromosome number of 48,XX.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a malignant glioma cell line, GBM8401/TSGH,NDMC. 283 37

To test the results of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in the treatment of brain tumor, RG-C6 glioma was transplanted into the brains of rats. Intracarotid infusions of normal saline and hyperosmotic mannitol were then made, followed by intravenous injection of Evans blue dye plus albumin (EB, MW 68,000), horseradish peroxidase (HRP, MW 40,000), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, MW 130). Uptake of the drug and the consistency of drug levels in the normal brain and tumor varied widely among these three agents. Both EB and HRP penetrated the brain tumors but did not stain the normal brain tissues. After BBB opening, penetration of EB and HRP into the normal brain was drastically increased; however, the uptake of EB and HRP in the tumor was not increased. The concentration of 5-FU in the tumor was higher than that in the serum and, although it increased 1.5-fold after BBB opening, the increase was not statistically significant. Conversely, there was a progressive increase in concentrations of 5-FU in the tumor-free brain regions (p less than 0.05). These observations suggest that an intracarotid infusion of hyperosmotic mannitol may increase neurotoxicity because it allows greater delivery of anticancer drugs into the normal brain tissue than into the tumor tissues.
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PMID:Hyperosmotic blood-brain barrier disruption in brains of rats with an intracerebrally transplanted RG-C6 tumor. 310 Jul 31

The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, fibronectin (FN), factor VIII-related antigen (FVIII/RAG), and of three monohistiocytic markers, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin was examined in five gliosarcomas (GS) by peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunostaining of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens, and compared with vascular changes in 16 glioblastomas (GB). In contrast to GB, endothelial proliferations of GS were sheathed by sarcomatous tissue (perivascular sarcoma), which was contiguous with fibrosarcomatous areas. Cells with conspicuous intracytoplasmic FN content (FN+ cells) were seen in the vascular stroma of GB and dominated in the sarcomatous parts of GS. Most FN+ cells of GS were of varying size and shape and clearly neoplastic. Monohistiocytic markers were demonstrable in small infiltrating mononuclear cells as well as in many sarcomatous cells including FN+ cells. FVIII/RAG was restricted to lumen-lining endothelium and was not found in sarcomatous cells. These results suggest that a major part of sarcoma in GS is less likely to develop from proliferated endothelial cells than from histiocytic cells in the perivascular spaces of GB. By FN mediation, histiocytic cells might also guide and promote sarcomatous proliferations of other mesenchymal cells, leading to fibrosarcomatous development. Prominent monstrous giant cells of one GS seemed to be degenerating glioma cells.
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PMID:Contribution of histiocytic cells to sarcomatous development of the gliosarcoma. An immunohistochemical study. 311 Nov 62

The vascularization of intracerebral transplantation tumors of the two rat glioma clones RG2 and F98 was studied in various stages of progressive tumor growth by use of biotinylated Ricinus communis agglutinin I (B-RCA I) in avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC)-histochemistry. The tumors were induced by stereotactic implantation of 1000 glioma cells into the right caudate nucleus of 26 adult CDF-rats and examined after 10, 14, 18, and 21 days following controlled intracardial perfusion of the host animals. Our histochemical results on paraffin sections demonstrate that B-RCA I selectively stains vascular endothelial cells of arteries, veins, and capillaries not only in the normal rat brain but also in the transplantation tumors. Subsequently morphometric measurements of the B-RCA I-stained sections were performed to define the tumor vascularization in quantitative terms. There was an increase in the mean tumor vessel diameters during tumor growth in both transplantation tumor types leading to values about two times above those of the normal rat striatum. On the contrary, the mean vessel density and the mean vessel surface per tumor area were markedly reduced in the late stages of both tumor types when compared to the normal striatum. The RG2 and F98 transplantation tumors differed with regard to the intercapillary distance, which was two times higher in the F98 transplantation tumors than in the RG2 tumors on day 21. In conclusion, B-RCA I is a very sensitive histochemical marker for rat vascular endothelia on paraffin sections. Moreover, this method appears to provide the possibility for qualitative and quantitative study of the development of vasculature in intracerebral transplantation systems including tumors.
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PMID:Vascularization of syngenic intracerebral RG2 and F98 rat transplantation tumors. A histochemical and morphometric study by use of ricinus communis agglutinin I. 320 23

Chronological changes of glioma tissues treated with local immunotherapy with OK-432 were examined by immunohistochemical method. OK-432 was injected into glioma tissues through Ommaya's reservoir 3 days (3 patients), 7 days (2 patients) and 14 days (2 patients) prior to the operation. Frozen sections surgically obtained from these patients were stained with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method using Leu-series monoclonal antibodies for pan T lymphocytes (Leu-1), cytotoxic/suppressor T lymphocytes (Leu-2 a), helper/inducer T lymphocytes (Leu-3 a), B lymphocytes (Leu-12), MHC class I antigen (beta 2m) and MHC class II antigen (HLA-DR). In 2 out of 7 glioma tissues obtained before local injection of OK-432, only few T lymphocytes were found infiltrating around the small blood vessels. In all glioma tissues obtained 3 and 7 days after injection, coagulation necrosis of glioma tissues was observed within 1-2 cm from Ommaya's tube and many T lymphocytes granulocytes and macrophages were infiltrating diffusely in the glioma tissues. Whereas in all glioma tissues obtained 14 days after injection, coagulation necrosis was also observed, however granulocytes and macrophages were scarce. The most of the infiltrating cells were T lymphocytes. Examination of T lymphocytes phenotypes revealed that both cytotoxic/suppressor and helper/inducer phenotypes of T lymphocytes were intermingled with each other in all cases. beta 2m was expressed on the most of glioma cells in all cases before and after injection. Whereas HLA-DR antigen was expressed on the tumor cells in 4 out of 7 cases before injection, however this antigen was expressed in all cases after injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Local immunotherapy with OK-432 for malignant gliomas--immunohistochemical analysis of chronological changes of tumor tissues]. 322 36

The vasculature and capillary permeability of gliomas induced by ethylnitrosourea in Sprague-Dawley rats were studied with horseradish peroxidase and Evans blue dye. The distribution of the boron-10 compound, Na2(10)B12H11SH, which is now in clinical use for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for brain tumors, was investigated quantitatively using neutron-induced alpha-autoradiography. The vasculature and the degree of capillary permeability varied widely, depending mainly on the size of the glioma, and were often heterogeneous even in the same tumor. The distribution of boron-10 also varied, correlating to capillary permeability. The boron-10 concentration and the tumor:blood concentration ratio in large and medium-sized gliomas were adequate for successful BNCT. This study suggests that the vasculature and capillary permeability of the target brain tumor exert an important influence on the therapeutic efficacy of BNCT.
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PMID:Capillary permeability and boron distribution in ethylnitrosourea-induced rat glioma. 334 84


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