Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of prostaglandin D synthetase activity was determined in various tissues of rat by using the supernatant fraction (10,000 x g, 20 min) of the homogenates. The highest activity was found in brain, spinal cord, and alimentary tract. The activity was uniquitously distributed in all parts of brain, and the highest specific activity was found in hypothalamus and thalamus. Homogenates of two neuroblastoma cell lines were found to produce prostaglandin D2, whereas a glioma cell line was almost inactive. Prostaglandin D2 is a potent and specific activator of the adenylate cyclase system of cultured neuroblastoma cells, suggesting the possibility that it may act as a neuromodulator in the central nervous system.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 Dec
PMID:Prostaglandin D2, a neuromodulator. 23 May 3

The relationship between cell density and the activity of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNP), an enzyme believed to be specific to oligodendroglial cells and myelin in the brain, has been studied in cultured C-6 glioma cells. Over a 12-day period, the specific activity of CNP underwent a 4-fold increase in conjunction with an increase in the cell density (total protein/flask) and a decline in the growth rate of the cultures. In contrast, the specific activity of Na+,K+-ATPase was not influenced by cell density. Experiments with cultures seeded at different initial densities indicated that the increase in CNP activity coincided with the attainment of a specific cell density rather than with the length of time that the cells were maintained in culture. Arrest of cell proliferation in non-confluent C-6 cells by means of thymidine blockade was not sufficient to cause an increase in the activity of CNP; however, removal of serum from the culture medium resulted in a 3-fold induction of the enzyme in the absence of a high degree of cell contact. The induction of CNP in cells maintained in serum-free medium paralleled the development of a series of distinct morphological changes reminiscent of glial differentiation, which occurred within 48 hours after removal of the serum. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide prevented the induction of CNP in serum-free cultures. The demonstration that an enhancement of an oligodendroglial characteristic in C-6 glioma cells can be obtained by growing the cells to high density or by removing serum from the medium, provides further support for the suggestion that these cells may be analogous to the glial stem cells present in the developing brain.
J Cell Physiol 1979 Dec
PMID:Induction of an oligodendroglial enzyme in C-6 glioma cells maintained at high density or in serum-free medium. 23 Oct 39

The effects of methylmercury on cultured mammalian cells were studied by light and electron microscopy. At 5 x 10(-6) M concentration methylmercury depressed the proliferation of mouse glioma cells almost completely and increased the mitotic indices. In the electron micrographs of the cells treated with 5 x 10(-6) M methylmercury for 4 hr, microtubules as mitotic spindle fiber were absent and chromosomes were scattered in a disorderly fashion in the cytoplasm. From these observations we concluded that exposure to methylmercury inhibits the cell mitosis by blocking the polymerization of tubulin to microtubules and results in the accumulation of the cells on the way of mitosis. Changes in behaviors of other mitotic apparatus and of fibrillar structures other than microtubules are also described.
Environ Res 1978 Dec
PMID:Effects of methylmercury on mitotic mouse glioma cells. 31 29

Current chemotherapy of malignant brain tumor bases on cell kinetics. Chemotherapeutic agents are devided into two, cell cycle specific (CCS) and cell cycle non specific (CCNS) agents. A case of malignant glioma successfully treated by chemo-radiotherapy using a new combination of the two agents , Carboquone (CQ) as CCNS, which has not appeared in literature, and FT-207 as CCS is reported. A malignant glioma in the right frontal lobe in a case of 51-year-old male was removed subtotaly on Dec. 10th, 1971 in our clinic. Three years and five months after the surgery, the patient was diagnosed as having a recurred malignant glioma in the left frontal lobe from the clinical symptoms. This was supported by a positive brain scan and carotid angiography. A total dose of 57mg of CQ was continuously into the left internal carotid artery during two months. Simultaneously, 16g of FT-207 as a total dose was given orally and 4,550 rads of Telecobalt-60 were irradiated. One month after the beginning of these treatments, clinical symptoms improved obviously. Four months later, the size of the tumor shadow on the brain scan decreased remarkably and the shifted anterior cerebral artery returned to normal position on the carotid angiogram. Anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, and anorexia were the side-effects of these treatments. But these complications disappeared six weeks after the termination of the treatments.
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PMID:[Regression of a recurrent malignant glioma by combined chemoradiotherapy utilizing carboquone, FT-207 and telecobalt--report of a case (author's transl)]. 33 Nov 31

The histopathologic diagnoses in 718 brain tumor patients entered in the Brain Tumor Study Group were reviewed, as well as those for 53 of these patients who were reviewed, as well as those for 53 of these patients who were autopsied later. This review documented instances of progression of histologic analplasia. Of particular interest in the autopsied cases were several instances of extensive necrosis in white matter distant from persisting glioma following chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This observation suggested the presence of a structural and/or metabolic alteration in the diseased hemisphere that perhaps makes it more susceptible to further alterations secondary to the adjunctive therapy.
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1977 Dec
PMID:Neuropathology of tissues from patients treated by the Brain Tumor Study Group. 41 45

Suspected lesions in and around the sella were examined by CT in 129 cases. The diagnostic accuracy and various technical aspects of the method are described. The mean attenuation and enhancement after administration of contrast material are evaluated in craniopharyngiomas, chromophobe adenomas, meningiomas, aneurysms, dermoid cysts, an arachnoid cyst and a glioma. the choice of collimator and its use in relation to sellar dimensions, particularly the sellar depths, are emphasized.
Neuroradiology 1979 Dec 12
PMID:Diagnosis of sellar and parasellar lesions by computed tomography. 51 1

The chromosomes in 15 cell lines derived from separate tumors induced in rats by ethylnitrosourea (ENU) are described. Thirteen lines were neural (glioma or schwannoma) in origin and type. In 12 of these lines, excess chromosome no. 4 could be demonstrated by Giemsa banding. One to three extra no. 4 chromosomes were seen as numerical or structural abnormalities. Also noted were other changes that were not consistent among lines. The 12 lines produced tumors in newborn rats. The 13th neurogenic line lacked excess chromosome no. 4 and did not produce tumors. The remaining 2 lines were nonneurogenic and lacked excess chromosome no. 4 but produced tumors. Control studies included chromosome analyses of bone marrow preparations from ENU-treated rats with tumors, cell lines from brains of normal rat embryos, and 2 established nonneurogenic rat tumor lines. No excess chromosome no. 4 was seen. These results suggest that nondisjunction and/or rearrangement of chromosome no. 4 is associated with the oncogenic process in neurogenic tumors induced.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Dec
PMID:Excess chromosome no. 4 in ethylnitrosourea-induced neurogenic tumor lines of the rat. 56 44

Altitudinal visual field defects in five cases with optic nerve lesions due to optic glioma, compression, and trauma are correlated to retinal nerve fibre degeneration, recorded with ophthalmoscopy and photography in red-free light. In one case the optic nerve was damaged at operation. Repeated fundus photography was used to record the evolution of descending optic atrophy. The results suggest that the findings in funduscopic examination of the retinal nerve fibre layer should be cautiously judged and the method cannot replace careful perimetry in cooperative patients.
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1978 Dec
PMID:Altitudinal field defects and retinal nerve fibre degeneration in optic nerve lesions. 72 90

A case of sarcoma arising in a left temporal oligodendroglioma is described in a 39-year-old male. The postoperative evolution was marked by a paraplegia linked to medullary and subarachnoid metastases. Then a relapse of the cerebral tumor occurred, and the patient died 6 months after the onset of the symptoms. Histologically, the mesenchymal component appeared fibrosarcomatous and angiosarcomatous. Those facts argue in favor of the histogenic hypotheses put forward in exceptional cases previously described, according to which the sarcoma develops from vascular elements of the glioma.
Cancer 1978 Dec
PMID:Sarcoma arising in oligodendroglioma of the brain: a case with intramedullary and subarachnoid spinal metastases. 72 72

Interferon (IF) was produced in glia and glioma cell lines in titers comparable to those produced by human fibroblasts. It was inducible by both Sendai virus and polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid. "Superinduction" resulted in up to 500-fold-higher titers of IF. The IF appeared to be of the fibroblast type, as revealed by experiments using heat treatment, assay of antiviral activity in heterologous cell lines, and neutralization with specific antisera. Since large amounts of IF may easily be produced with glioma cell lines, such cells may be suitable for mass production of IF.
Infect Immun 1978 Dec
PMID:Interferon production in glia and glioma cell lines. 73 Mar 83


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