Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The factor(s) present in extracts prepared from the brains of newborn A/J or C57B1/6 mice, which inhibits S20Y neuroblastoma cell growth in vitro, was partially characterized. Twice as much inhibitory activity was extracted per gram wet weight of brain than torso, and inhibitor recovery was greatest in extracts prepared from brains of mice 1 week or less in age. The inhibitory factor(s) was water-soluble and was stable to heating at 100 degrees C, to freezing, and to lyophilization. It was susceptible to the action of pronase. The factor(s) behaved like a molecule of molecular weight approximately 700 upon passage through ultrafiltration membranes. Growth of rat hepatoma (H4), murine melanoma (B16), and transformed murine fibroblasts (WT19 and B6-HCMV) was not significantly inhibited by brain extract. Growth of rat glioma cells (C6) was significantly reduced but to a lesser degree than that of murine neuroblastoma cells (S20Y and N115) and glioma cells (G26-20). These results suggest that the inhibitor expresses a cell specificity.
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PMID:Partial characterization of a brain extract factor(s) inhibitory to transformed neural cells. 405 87

Brain tumors were induced in adult inbred Fischer rats (F-344) by systemic administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea mixed in the drinking water (pH 6,2). Four of these tumors, one pleomorphic glioma (78FR-G-219), two pleomorphic mixed gliomas (78FR-G-284, 78FR-G-344) and one grade I to II astrocytoma (78FR-G-299) were established in vitro and maintained as permanent cultures. The glial nature of all cell lines was ascertained by demonstrating the presence of the S-100 protein in the cultured cells. All cell lines grow as tumors when isografted in syngeneic animals. Glioma cells were conjugated with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) under standard conditions. Syngeneic adult rats were immunized with TNBS-modified or unmodified irradiated glioma cells by s.c. inoculation of 1 X 10(6) cells on days 1,8 and 15. Two weeks later the animals received a s.c. booster of 5 X 10(6) native cells. Using the complement-dependent microcytotoxicity test glioma cytotoxic titers were measured 5, 6 and 7 weeks after the first immunization. The results indicated that trinitrophenylated glioma cells induced a cytotoxic antibody response against native glioma cells which was higher than that induced by untreated cells.
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PMID:Chemical modification and antigenicity of glioma cells. 616 40

The authors have developed a new dosage-form using a water soluble anticancer drug, Bleomycin (BLM), which had prolonged releasing properties exceeding for 15 days in vivo for intracranial administration. Basic experiments using these tablets have been previously reported. This study evaluates the anti-cancer effect of the tablets and its clinical application. For the evaluation of the anti-cancer effect, glioma cells were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of Wister rats. The rats were divided into 4 main groups and treated by as follows: 1) BLM tablets (1 mg.P) implantation in the peritoneal cavity, 2) Placebo implantation, 3) Bleomycin solution (total 1 mg. P) injection and 4) physiological saline solution injection (The control). The group treated with BLM tablets showed the best results. Clinical application of BLM tablets was performed in 6 patients of craniopharyngioma. During operation, the tablets were placed into tumor cavity by alon-alpha. In one case, recurrence was greatly prolonged. This tablet is considered to usable for the treatment of cancer in not only the field of neurosurgery but also in other fields.
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PMID:[A device for prolonged releasing of anticancer drug--bleomycin: Second report]. 618 38

Four chemotherapeutic agents (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), methotrexate (MTX), and bleomycin) were given intravenously to rats harboring the avian sarcoma virus-induced glioma. Drug content in brain, tumor, and systemic tissue was measured. The uptake of drug and the consistency of drug levels in normal brain and tumor varied widely among these agents. [14C]Cyclophosphamide and its metabolites penetrated normal brain and, to a greater extent, brain tumor. [14C]5-FU and its metabolites also entered normal brain and brain tumor, but to lesser extent than [14C] cyclophosphamide and its metabolites. Immunoreactive MTX entry into tumor was variable, ranging from 30 to 1080 ng/g of tissue, with only minimal concentrations in normal brain. After conventional doses, immunoreactive bleomycin levels in tumor were also variable, ranging from 24 to 164 mu units/g of tissue, and little if any drug entered surrounding brain. In addition, the cerebrovascular permeability of 5-FU and MTX in normal rats was measured. Utilizing the method of Rapoport, the PA (product of permeability and capillary surface area) of 5-FU was found to be 6- to 12-fold greater than that of MTX. The PA of both drugs was increased 4- to 7-fold after osmotic blood-brain barrier opening. The variable "leakiness" of glial tumors, both experimentally and clinically, as well as the varied permeabilities of different water-soluble chemotherapeutic agents, makes the drug delivery problem in brain tumors a very complex issue.
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PMID:Chemotherapeutic agent permeability to normal brain and delivery to avian sarcoma virus-induced brain tumors in the rodent: observations on problems of drug delivery. 620 Jul 98

The pharmacokinetics of a newly developed water-soluble nitrosourea derivative (ACNU) following a single intravenous injection was investigated in 11 patients with gliomas. A major portion of ACNU was excreted within 2 hours. The distribution rate was very fast, and the elimination rate tended to be slow. More than 50% of ACNU moves into the tissue compartment. ACNU tended to move into glioma tissue well. The ACNU level in glioma tissue was above 1.0 microgram/gm 30 to 60 minutes ater injections. ACNU was detected at a higher concentration in malignant gliomas than in benign gliomas. These results suggest that ACNU is taken up by tumor tissue relatively rapidly and eliminated slowly, which leads to effective manifestation of its antitumor activity.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics of a new water-soluble nitrosourea derivative (ACNU) in human gliomas. 626 40

The water soluble beta-adrenergic ligand [3H]CGP-12177 was used to measure the cell surface receptors in intact cells. In two cell lines, C6 glioma and WEHI 7 lymphoma cells, -50% of the cell surface receptors disappear within minutes of incubation of the cells with isoproterenol. The receptors can still be detected in homogenates and reappear on the cell surface when cells are washed and reincubated at 37 degrees C. The data agree with a disappearance of the receptors from the cell surface by an agonist-mediated endocytosis.
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PMID:Rapid and reversible disappearance of beta-adrenergic cell surface receptors. 632 54

S-100 protein is a highly acidic protein unique to the nervous system and exists predominantly in the cytoplasm of glial cells in a water-soluble form. The exact biological function is still unknown in spite of its well-known biochemical properties. Some investigators have reported that the amount of S-100 protein in developing brains increased in proportion to the brain's development and differentiation. In order to clarify the relationship between S-100 protein and differentiation of glial cells the changes of DNA synthesis and the amount of the water-soluble S-100 protein were investigated on cultured rat glioma (C-6) cells in the course of the morphological differentiation induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbc-AMP). C-6 cells were cultured in Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and incubated in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2-95% room air at 37 degrees C. Dbc-AMP was added to the media at the concentration of 1 mM, and the media were changed every 48 hrs. A flow cytometric analysis of DNA histogram patterns was performed to investigate the changes of DNA synthesis using a Cytofluorograf FC 4800 A-50 (Bio/Physics). The changes of the amount of S-100 protein were examined by micro-complement fixation assay as described by Levine using rabbit antisera against bovine S-100 protein. Dbc-AMP inhibited the growth of C-6 cells remarkably and induced morphological changes resembling normal astrocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Changes of the DNA synthesis and the amount of S-100 protein associated with the morphological differentiation of cultured glioma cells]. 632 50

The work was concerned with the study of 57 gliomas, among which were 30 glioblastomas, 20 astrocytomas, and 7 oligodendrogliomas. Specimens collected from 26 patients who underwent operation for severe craniocerebral trauma, meningioma, and carcinoma metastasis were examined as controls. The proteins of the tumor tissues and those of the brain matter surrounding the tumor and of normal brain matter were fractionated in polyacrylamide gel. It was found that the amount of water soluble protein, both in the total protein content and in all its fractions, was much greater in the glial tumors than in normal brain matter. The effect of 11 factors on the tissue protein composition was studied by factor analysis. The histological structure and extent of vascularization of the tumor as well as the presence of intracranial hypertension were found to produce the highest effect on the fractional distribution of the proteins.
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PMID:[Relation between the protein composition of glial tumors and various clinico-morphologic indices]. 649 54

A new water-soluble nitrosourea ( MCNU ) was tested for its antitumor activity against fourteen human glioma cell lines and two neuroblastoma cell lines. Four experiments were performed to determine its antitumor activity: inhibition of cell growth, comparison with ACNU, morphological observation, and analysis of DNA histogram with flowcytometry . Seven out of 14 gliomas (50%) and one neuroblastoma cell lines showed more than 50% inhibition of cell growth in vitro, appearance of giant multinucleated cell morphologically, and DNA accumulation in G2+M and/or S phase of cell cycle in the medium of 10 micrograms/ml MCNU . Antitumor activity and spectrum of MCNU against human brain tumors were almost the same as with ACNU.
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PMID:[MCNU effectiveness on brain tumor. Part I: Antitumor activity in vitro on human glioma and neuroblastoma cell lines]. 658 13

A new water-soluble nitrosourea (ACNU) was tested for its antitumor activity against four glioma cell lines. Four factors were studied to determine its antitumor activity: inhibition of cell growth, morphologic observation, analysis of DNA histogram with flow microfluorometry, and sensitivity testing with microtest plate. Growth inhibition in response to ACNU was seen in two cell lines (EA285, U251-MG), whereas two cell lines (YE2-02, T98) were resistant to ACNU. The results of the present sensitivity test concur with those of other examinations that this test is useful in selecting a drug and determining the effective dose.
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PMID:Sensitivity to 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) of glioma cells in vivo and in vitro. 695 89


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