Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Partial biochemical characterization of several neural tissue specific antigens isolated from a murine glioblastoma cell line was accomplished by means of radioiodination of intact cells followed by immunoprecipitation of the cell lysate with a rabbit serum specific for neural tissue antigens. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitate in sodium dodecyl sulfate resolved the labeled antigens into several major components: two proteins (or glycoproteins) having apparent m.w.'s of 84,000 and 120,000 and lipid associated components which may be heterogeneous. The protein and lipid associated components apparently possess independent antigenicity because after chloroformmethanol extraction the protein components can be immunoprecipitated from the aqueous phase and the lipid associated component can be immunoprecipitated from the organic phase. Despite their independent antigenicity it is not known whether the components may be noncovalently associated on the cell surface. Although some of these antigens can be isolated from brain or glioma cells (a related tumor), non can be demonstrated in lymphoid tissues or C1300 neuroblastoma cells using identical methods. Therefore, these studies confirm our previous findings concerning the specificity of the anti-NS-2 antiserum by using cytotoxicity tests.
 ...
PMID:Partial characterization of nervous system-specific cell surface antigen(s) NS-2. 6 27

Myosin has been isolated from the clonal lines of murine neuroblastoma and rat glioma cells. Partial characterization of the two cellular myosins indicates that both possess the following properties: (1) the same elution position as rabbit skeletal muscle myosin by Sepharose 4B chromatography; (2) the presence of heavy (molecular weight about 200,000) and light subunit polypeptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; (3) EDTA and Ca2+ activated but Mg2+-inhibited ATPase activity in 0.6 M KCl; and (4) binding to rabbit skeletal muscle F-actin which is inhibited by Mg2+-ATP. For both mouse neuroblastoma and rat glioma cells, approximately 0.5-1.5% of the total cell protein is present as myosin. Cellular myosin appears to be indistinguishable in quantity and biochemical properties regardless of whether it is isolated from monolayer or suspension neuroblastoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and characterization of myosin from cloned rat glioma and mouse neuroblastoma cells. 13 25

Thirty-three patients with malignant glioma were randomly divided into two groups after extensive tumor resection. Those in group A received, every five to eight weeks, a course of chemotherapy consisting of intravenously administered carmustine, 80 mg/sq m/day for three days, and vincristine sulfate, 1.4mg/sq m on days 1 and 8. Patients in group B were treated identically and received radiation therapy (RT) as well, 4,500 rads whole brain plus 1,500 rads to the side of the tumor. The median survival time of group A was 30 weeks, while that of group B was 44.5 weeks, but the overall survival curves were not significantly different. The median survival times exceeded the 17 weeks reported elsewhere in comparable patients not receiving postoperative therapy. Estimates of the quality of survival suggested (1) the two groups were not comparable following randomization, possibly influencing the results; and (2) postoperative radiation and chemotherapy do not increase morbidity and offer a longer period than other treatments during which patients' conditions remain stable or improve.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of malignant glioma. A controlled study of chemotherapy and irradiation. 18 Sep 38

Mouse neuroblastoma (NB) cells in culture were more sensitive to sodium L-ascorbate than were rat glioma cells by the criterion of growth inhibition (due to cell death and reduction in cell division). Sodium L-ascorbate at nonlethal concentrations potentiated the effect of 5-fluorouracil (FUra), x-irradiation, bleomycin, RO20-1724, prostaglandin E1, and sodium butyrate on NB cells but did not produce such an effect on glioma cells. Sodium L-ascorbate did not enhance the effect of vincristine, 6-thioguanine, or 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) except at higher drug doses and it reduced the cytotoxic effect of methotrexate and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) on NB cells. Sodium D-ascorbate produced effects similar to those produced by sodium L-ascorbate on NB cells. L-Ascorbic acid-2-sulfate (barium salt) affected neither the growth rate nor the effect of 5-FUra on NB cells. Glutathione, a reducing agent, was more toxic to NB cells in comparison to D- OR L-ascorbate; however, at a similar concentration it failed to potentiate the effect of 5-FUra on NB cells.
 ...
PMID:Sodium ascorbate potentiates the growth inhibitory effect of certain agents on neuroblastoma cells in culture. 28 5

Mouse neuroblastoma clone N18, rat glioma clone C6, and rat striated muscle clone L6 were grown in a serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. Their doubling times were 48 hours, 40 hours, and 4 days, respectively. Morphologic features were similar to the original parent cell lines. Membrane components of N18 and C6 grown in serum-free medium were compared with the original parent cell lines. Defects of several membrane proteins were found with sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
 ...
PMID:Establishment of mouse neuroblastoma clone N18, rat glioma clone C6, and rat striated muscle clone L6 in serum-free, chemically defined medium. 74 55

Two types of nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors have been described: high affinity (class I) and low affinity (class II). Biological responses to NGF are thought to be mediated by class I receptors, whereas the role of class II receptors is less clear. While some neuronal cells express both receptor types, only class II receptors have been detected on glial cells. Two glial cell lines, peripheral Schwannoma D6P2T and central 33B glioma cells, were employed to investigate the properties of class II receptors in the absence of class I receptors. These cell lines were found to express NGF receptors identified as class II by a low nanomolar dissociation constant, rapid dissociation kinetics at 4 degrees C, and trypsin sensitivity. The receptor was found to bind brain-derived neurotrophic factor with similar affinity as NGF. The responsible binding molecule appeared in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a heterogeneously glycosylated protein of 60-80 kDa with a tendency to aggregate. All receptor bands affinity-labeled with radioiodinated NGF were immunoprecipitated with anti-p75NGFR antibody, but not with anti-p140prototrk antiserum. In these cells, which express p75NGFR as only NGF receptor, a time- and temperature-dependent appearance of a nondisplaceable, trypsin-resistant, acid wash-stable ligand fraction, followed by an increase of trichloroacetic acid-soluble radiolabel in the medium was observed. This sequestration resembled receptor-mediated internalization with subsequent degradation of NGF. Whether this ligand processing indicates a functional role of p75NGFR in glial cells remains to be shown.
 ...
PMID:Nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor on rat glial cell lines. Evidence for NGF internalization via p75NGFR. 132 Nov 30

The affinity cross-linking of the delta-opioid receptor in neuroblastoma x glioma NG108-15 cells was undertaken using (3-[125I]iodotyrosyl27)human-beta-endorphin ([125I]beta-endorphin) and disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS) or bis(sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate (BS3) in order to estimate molecular size. Following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, two radioactive bands were observed. Labeling of a major band of 29 kDa diminished in the presence of unlabeled selective delta-opioid agonist, [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE), in a concentration-dependent manner, while labeling of a minor band of 58 kDa was hardly affected. The labeling intensity of the 29 kDa band decreased by addition of guanosine 5'-(3-o-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) or by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin. These results, taking the molecular weight of covalently bound beta-endorphin (3.6 kDa) into consideration, suggest that the delta-opioid receptor in NG108-15 cell membrane is a 25 kDa protein which is coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins (G-proteins).
 ...
PMID:Affinity cross-linked delta-opioid receptor in NG108-15 cells is low molecular weight (25 kDa) and coupled to GTP-binding proteins. 133 16

Three murine monoclonal antibodies, designated GA-17, GB-4, and GC-3, were prepared by the hybridization of murine myeloma cells (NS-1) and spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with the crude membrane fraction of cultured human gliosarcoma cells (GI-1). Two of them (GA-17 and GB-4) reacted exclusively with the membrane of glioma cells, and the other (GC-3) reacted with the membrane of glioma cells and a T cell line (MOLT-4). Although these antibodies reacted with almost all of the gliomas, the reactions differed. GA-17 reacted equally well with all glioblastoma (17 cases) and low-grade astrocytoma (10 cases), whereas GB-4 reacted poorly with 7 cases of glioblastoma and GC-3 did not react with 7 cases of low-grade astrocytoma. The antigens, exclusively expressed on the cell surface, were analyzed by surface labeling with 125I followed by a cell lysis and immunoprecipitation with these antibodies. The findings obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that GA-17, GB-4, and GC-3 reacted with Mr 140,000-145,000, Mr 160,000, and Mr 145,000-150,000 proteins, respectively. Some evidence has been obtained indicating that these antigens are composed of the same polypeptide chain (Mr 120,000) with the carbohydrate chains being different.
 ...
PMID:Human glioma-specific antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies. 158 48

A conjugate of 4-desacetylvinblastine-3-carboxyhydrazide (DAVLBHY) and the glioma-reactive monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27 induced long-term suppression of tumor growth in athymic nude mice engrafted with U87MG human glioma cells. In vitro, DAVLBHY had the strongest antiproliferative activity (inhibitory concentration at which incorporation of [3H]thymidine is at 50% of untreated control is 2.0 x 10(-9) M) of seven cytotoxic drugs tested and so was chosen for conjugation to mAb 9.2.27, which reacts specifically with the core protein of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans found in human glioblastomas. After conjugation of DAVLBHY to the carbohydrate residues of mAb 9.2.27 it retained its full binding capacity. For in vivo studies, DAVLBHY and several conjugate derivatives were evaluated by using two dosages of i.v. injections, each starting 2 days after s.c. tumor inoculation. The control tumors reached a volume of nearly 3000 mm3 within 30 days. Tumor growth was delayed by about 20 days with four i.v. injections of 0.5 mg/kg 9.2.27-DAVLBHY, which was slightly superior to the unconjugated drug. Moreover, 9.2.27-DAVLBHY produced a highly significant suppression of growth so that the average tumor volume was only 3% of that observed in untreated controls after 28 days. Four injections of this conjugate at a larger dose, 2.0 mg/kg, prevented recurrence of the tumors for 130 days in all animals tested, thus demonstrating a significant increase in the therapeutic index, since the unconjugated drug provided limited inhibition of tumor growth for only 40 days. The specificity of the antitumor effect was demonstrated in a comparison with the control conjugate, KS1/4-DAVLBHY, which despite partial tumor suppression had only a transient effect. The specific antitumor effect of 9.2.27-DAVLBHY was unexpected, since the target antigen is expressed at a relatively low density (40,000 sites/cell) on U87MG glioma cells.
 ...
PMID:Long-term growth suppression of human glioma xenografts by chemoimmunoconjugates of 4-desacetylvinblastine-3-carboxyhydrazide and monoclonal antibody 9.2.27. 161 57

Maitotoxin (MTX) and the analogues, bis-desulfated-MTX (didesulfo-MTX), mono-desulfated-MTX (monodesulfo-MTX), and hydrogenated-MTX (H-MTX) were examined on 45Ca2+ influx and phosphoinositide breakdown with hamster insulinoma HIT cells and rat glioma C6 cells. The activity of MTX was greatly reduced either by desulfation or by hydrogenation. Didesulfo-MTX weakly stimulated calcium influx in HIT cells, but had no stimulatory effect on either calcium influx or phosphoinositide breakdown in C6 cells. All the analogues inhibited MTX-induced calcium influx in either HIT or C6 cells. Didesulfo-MTX inhibited the calcium influx elicited by 3 ng/ml MTX in C6 cells with an IC50 of 7.0 +/- 0.7 ng/ml. The data suggest that the sulfate groups in MTX are important for stimulation of calcium influx and phosphoinositide breakdown, but are not essential for binding to a receptor-site on cell membranes. Although catalytic reduction of double bonds in MTX reduced activity by nearly 100-fold, a tritiated H-MTX still represents a potential radioligand for identification of MTX-binding sites.
 ...
PMID:Effect of maitotoxin analogues on calcium influx and phosphoinositide breakdown in cultured cells. 166 3


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>