Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors describe a recurrent nasal glioma of the nasal septum in a new-born boy. Histologically, the nodular tumor tissue resembled normal glial tissue. Immunohistochemical studies with the immunoperoxidase (PAP and ABC) techniques revealed the presence of both S-100 protein and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), indicating the glial nature of the tumor.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical analysis of S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein in nasal glioma. 639 Oct 84

Several human cell lines (normal and neoplastic glia, cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma, fibroblasts) were incubated with sera from patients with well and poorly differentiated glioma and with sera from healthy donors and then stained with PAP complex to define and localize the antibody reaction with cell surface antigens by means of electron microscopy. The sera of glioma patients proved to contain antibodies which bound the tumor-associated antigenic determinants on the cell membranes of gliomas and of cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma in tissue cultures. Further, absorption testing of the reactive sera on normal brain, well-differentiated astrocytoma and cultured glioblastoma cells, together with cross-reactivity experiments suggests that at least two antigens or groups of antigens are expressed on the glioma cell surface: one shared by well and poorly differentiated glioma cells and the other by poorly differentiated glioma cells and the cells of cerebral metastases from adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Electron-microscopic visualization of binding of antibodies from sera of glioma patients on cultured glioma cells. 683 74

Sixteen primary lymphomas of the central nervous system (CNS) have been studied with an immunoperoxidase technique (PAP) for the demonstration of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins. The material was obtained by biopsy (10 cases) and at autopsy (6 cases). For comparison, ten other tumors (glial tumors and secondary lymphomas involving the nervous tissue) were simultaneously investigated. In the 16 primary lymphomas, 14 contained intracellular immunoglobulins that were considered "monoclonal" in 9 cases, "probably monoclonal" in 4 cases but "uninterpretable" in the last one. According to the Kiel classification, the 13 malignant lymphomas with intracellular immunoglobulins were classified, morphologically, as immunoblastic sarcomas (9 cases) or immunocytomas (4 cases). No immunoglobulins were detected in 2 cases: 1 lymphoblastic lymphoma and 1 centrocytic lymphoma. Various amounts of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins were detected in inflammatory cells and glial cells (either reactive or tumoral) but the pattern of staining was consistent with current concepts of polyclonality. Therefore, a diagnosis based on the Kiel classification of lymphomas and the PAP technique will allow a more accurate prognosis on the evolution of primary lymphomas of the CNS with aspect of "high grade" and "low grade" malignancy.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study in 16 cases of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (author's transl)]. 703 25

The developmentally important hedgehog (Hh) pathway is activated by binding of Hh to patched (Ptch1), releasing smoothened (Smo) and the downstream transcription factor glioma associated (Gli) from inhibition. The mechanism behind Ptch1-dependent Smo inhibition remains unresolved. We now show that by mixing Ptch1-transfected and Ptch1 small interfering RNA-transfected cells with Gli reporter cells, Ptch1 is capable of non-cell autonomous repression of Smo. The magnitude of this non-cell autonomous repression of Smo activity was comparable to the fusion of Ptch1-transfected cell lines and Gli reporter cell lines, suggesting that it is the predominant mode of action. CHOD-PAP analysis of medium conditioned by Ptch1-transfected cells showed an elevated 3beta-hydroxysteroid content, which we hypothesized to mediate the Smo inhibition. Indeed, the inhibition of 3beta-hydroxysteroid synthesis impaired Ptch1 action on Smo, whereas adding the 3beta-hydroxysteroid (pro-)vitamin D3 to the medium effectively inhibited Gli activity. Vitamin D3 bound to Smo with high affinity in a cyclopamine-sensitive manner. Treating zebrafish embryos with vitamin D3 mimicked the smo(-/-) phenotype, confirming the inhibitory action in vivo. Hh activates its signalling cascade by inhibiting Ptch1-dependent secretion of the 3beta-hydroxysteroid (pro-)vitamin D3. This action not only explains the seemingly contradictory cause of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), but also establishes Hh as a unique morphogen, because binding of Hh on one cell is capable of activating Hh-dependent signalling cascades on other cells.
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PMID:Repression of smoothened by patched-dependent (pro-)vitamin D3 secretion. 2007 17


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