Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brain glioma is a malignant tumor which needs surgery followed by chemotherapy. Low-frequency ultrasound (LFU) and Optison could open blood-tumor barrier (BTB) selectively and noninvasively and thus increase the permeability of BTB. Endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II) induces cytoskeletal remodeling in endothelial cells. In this study, we asked whether LFU, Optison, and/or EMAP-II used in combination have additive effects on increasing the permeability of BTB by tight junction (TJ)-associated protein-dependent manner and thus help understand the possible mechanisms for TJ-based drug delivery to the central nervous system through BTB. Evans Blue assay was used to measure the permeability of BTB in rat model of C6 glioma. The mRNA and protein levels of TJ-associated proteins, claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1, were determined. Results showed that Evans blue content significantly increased and the mRNA and protein levels of claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 significantly reduced after the treatment in groups treated with EMAP-II and LFU combined with or without Optison (LFU+EMAP-II and LFU+Optison+EMAP-II groups) and in the group treated with LFU and Optison (LFU+Optison group). In conclusion, LFU and EMAP-II used in combination have additive effects on increasing the permeability of BTB and remodeling of TJ-associated proteins.
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PMID:Additive effect of low-frequency ultrasound and endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II on blood-tumor barrier in rats with brain glioma. 2060 Jun 13

The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare noninvasive, quantitative measures of vascularity obtained from four contrast enhanced ultrasound (US) techniques to four invasive immunohistochemical markers of tumor angiogenesis in a large group of murine xenografts. Glioma (C6) or breast cancer (NMU) cells were implanted in 144 rats. The contrast agent Optison (GE Healthcare, Princeton, NJ) was injected in a tail vein (dose: 0.4ml/kg). Power Doppler imaging (PDI), pulse-subtraction harmonic imaging (PSHI), flash-echo imaging (FEI), and Microflow imaging (MFI; a technique creating maximum intensity projection images over time) was performed with an Aplio scanner (Toshiba America Medical Systems, Tustin, CA) and a 7.5MHz linear array. Fractional tumor neovascularity was calculated from digital clips of contrast US, while the relative area stained was calculated from specimens. Results were compared using a factorial, repeated measures ANOVA, linear regression and z-tests. The tortuous morphology of tumor neovessels was visualized better with MFI than with the other US modes. Cell line, implantation method and contrast US imaging technique were significant parameters in the ANOVA model (p<0.05). The strongest correlation determined by linear regression in the C6 model was between PSHI and percent area stained with CD31 (r=0.37, p<0.0001). In the NMU model the strongest correlation was between FEI and COX-2 (r=0.46, p<0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences between correlations obtained with the various US methods (p>0.05). In conclusion, the largest study of contrast US of murine xenografts to date has been conducted and quantitative contrast enhanced US measures of tumor neovascularity in glioma and breast cancer xenograft models appear to provide a noninvasive marker for angiogenesis; although the best method for monitoring angiogenesis was not conclusively established.
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PMID:Contrast enhanced maximum intensity projection ultrasound imaging for assessing angiogenesis in murine glioma and breast tumor models: A comparative study. 2114 42