Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen patients with basal occlusive disease have been seen over the past 4 years. Nine of these had a classical moyamoya appearance on angiography. Of these nine, seven were adults and two were children. Eight had ischemic episodes, and one had a hemorrhage. One had neurofibromatosis with a chiasmal glioma and had received radiotherapy. Eight patients underwent superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass, and one refused operation. Six patients improved, one had a stroke on the opposite side, and one died. Eight patients had unilateral basal arterial occlusive disease. Of these, three had ischemic episodes, four had hemorrhages, and one had only headaches. Four were adults, and four were children. Five underwent STA-MCA bypass with improvement, one with headaches had an aneurysm treated, and two were not operated upon. Considerations regarding the cause, therapeutic options, and disease course in these patients are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Basal arterial occlusive disease. 408 Jan 27

8 cases of cavernous haemangiomas operated and histologically proven are presented. 5 patients (5/8) were admitted because of epileptic seizures, one patient (1/8) because of pure headache, another one because of a focal neurological defect and the last because of intracranial hypertension. Computed axial tomography is a sensitive procedure for detection of cavernomas. Of 7 cases examined by this technique, 7 (7/7) have shown a well circumscribed round or oval hyperdense nodule, with calcifications in 6/7 cases, a slight surrounding oedema in 3/7 cases and without mass effect, except if there is a visible hematoma at operation (2/8). After contrast administration, 5/7 malformations were enhanced and 2/7 displayed draining veins, a fact that we underline. The differential diagnosis includes a low grade calcified glioma, a thrombosed arterio-venous malformation, a venous angioma or an intracerebral hematoma. Surgical excision is the best treatment of these vascular malformations that bleed frequently, and improved all the patients in this series (8/8).
 ...
PMID:[Intracerebral cavernous angiomas]. 408 98

A 10-year-old boy had a 4-month history of blurred vision and severe occipital headaches. Visual acuity was diminished bilaterally, but ophthalmoscopy was normal, and the correct diagnosis was delayed until inferior bitemporal defects were found. Cranial CT scans and vertebral angiograms demonstrated a giant aneurysm at the bifurcation of the basilar artery. Bitemporal hemianopsia occurring in children is usually due to craniopharyngioma or chiasmal glioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient whose chiasmal syndrome was due to a basilar artery aneurysm and whose visual deficit improved after occlusion of the aneurysm.
 ...
PMID:Bitemporal hemianopsia in basilar artery aneurysm. 621 52

The authors report a case in which left deep temporal fibrosarcoma with calcified area developed about 6 months after radiation therapy for left temporal astrocytoma. A 37 year-old woman was admitted to our clinic because of headache and visual deterioration. CT scan and angiography suggested left deep temporal glioma and on August 5, 1980, partial resection was performed. Histological sections showed astrocytoma G 2. Postoperative course was uneventful and she left the hospital after radiation therapy of 50 Gy. On March, 1981, right hemiparesis was noticed and progressed rapidly. CT scan suggested left temporal tumor recurred. On March 30, 1981, second operation was performed and this time, histological sections showed glioblastoma. After operation, beta-Interferon (IFN) was given intratumorally via Ommaya's reservoir (3 X 10(6) IU, daily). But in spite of IFN therapy, tumor became larger and she died on June 30, 1981. Autopsy revealed coexistence of glioblastoma and fibrosarcoma with metaplastic bone formation. A brief discussion concerning the problem of cerebral mixed tumors follows the description of the case.
 ...
PMID:[Glioblastoma and fibrosarcoma in the brain with metaplastic bone formation--a case report]. 642 66

Interferon was administered intravenously on 3 consecutive days each week for 3 consecutive weeks in doses escalated each week from 10 to 20 to 30 megaunits (MU)/m2/day. Nine adult patients were treated, each of whom had undergone subtotal resection of a supratentorial anaplastic glioma within 3 weeks of beginning interferon treatment. Patients ranged in age from 34 to 71 years, and Karnofsky functional scores were 70 or greater. Evaluations included neurological examination, Karnofsky functional rating, computerized tomography brain scanning, and panels of hematologic, hepatic, renal, and coagulation testing. No dose-limiting or prohibitive toxicities were encountered, and each patient received nine interferon doses as scheduled. There were no symptoms of neurologic toxicity other than transient lethargy. Chills and fever occurred in all patients, while headache, lethargy, and back pain were experienced by half. These symptoms were most pronounced with the initial dose of each week and did not intensify with dose escalation. The most frequent side effect of interferon treatment was fever, usually peaking near the end of the initial 4-h infusion; it became less severe during the second and third weeks. Leukopenia and granulocytopenia were mild. Serum hepatic enzyme levels rose slightly during the course of interferon treatment and returned to normal after treatment was completed. Serum interferon levels reached a maximum concentration of 2,285 U/ml at the end of infusion and were proportional to the dosage. Interferon was not detectable in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid, but fluid from the tumor bed of one patient contained 120 U/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors: IX. Phase I study of human lymphoblastoid interferon. 670 97

Two long survival cases of primary malignant glioma are reported in terms of histopathological consideration comparing first surgical specimens with second surgical specimens followed by intraneoplastic local injection of Adriamycin (ADM). Case 1. A 56-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on October 24, 1977, with the complaints of headache and motor weakness on the left side of extremeties. Neurological examination revealed hemiparesis, homonymous hemianopsia and agnosia on the left side. Initial CT scan showed irregular high-density enhancing lesions in right parieto-occipital region with surrounding low-density area. Case 2. A 18-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on May 9, 1977, with the complaints of headache and nausea. Initial CT scan showed high-density enhancing resion in the left parieto-temporal region. In the microscopic findings of the recurrent tumor and surrounding necrotic tissue, there were massive coagulation necrosis of the tumor tissues and fibrinoid necrosis of vascular channels. In the surrounding area of the massive coagulation necrosis and small hemorrhages, there were many reactive collagenous tissues, increasing vascular channels, and infiltrating lymphocytes, granulocytes and foreign body giants cells, as well as so-called organized necrotic tissues. Residual tumor cells mainly composed of giant cells, gemistocytic astrocytes and spindle cells. The tumor was characteristic in that the tumor cells showed occasionally sarcomatous transformation in the other area. Some of anaplastic glial cells were positively stained for GFA protein in Case 1. Positive staining for GFA protain in the recurrent brain tumor are less than that of primary brain tumor. The cases were also discussed from the view point of pathology.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of local injections of adriamycin on survival in malignant brain tumor: histopathological evaluation]. 687 Feb 95

Primary germ cell tumors confined to the optic nerves and chiasm without suprasellar extension are uncommon. These tumors appear similar to chiasmatic gliomas on both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, potentially resulting in treatment errors if the diagnosis is based on radiologic criteria alone. Unlike chiasmatic gliomas, suprasellar germinomas characteristically present with a clinical triad of endocrine abnormalities, diabetes insipidus, and visual complaints. We report the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with a 5-month history of fatigue, 16-pound weight gain, polydipsia, polyuria, visual complaints, and intermittent headache. Imaging studies demonstrated findings consistent with a glioma of the chiasm with infiltration into the optic tracts. At surgery, the chiasm and optic tracts were diffusely enlarged with no other suprasellar abnormalities. Biopsy specimens were characteristic of germ cell tumor. Based on this result, the patient received a treatment regimen different from that used at our institution for chiasmatic gliomas. We feel it is imperative to biopsy chiasmatic lesions that radiologically appear to be gliomas if symptoms do not adhere to the classical clinical presentation.
 ...
PMID:Primary diffuse chiasmatic germinomas: differentiation from optic chiasm gliomas. 749 60

A 54-year-old female presented with a huge mixed cavernous angioma and astrocytoma in the hypothalamus manifesting as headache, visual field defect, gait disturbance, and convulsion. Radiological studies revealed a huge suprasellar tumor encasing all the major cerebral vessels. Craniotomy disclosed a hemorrhagic tumor poorly demarcated from the surrounding brain which was partially removed. Histological examination of the operative specimen revealed cavernous angioma with low grade glioma in the periphery. The residual tumor responded to radiation therapy remarkably well. An autopsy conducted 3 years later revealed a small hypothalamic astrocytoma with abundant vasculature.
 ...
PMID:Mixed cavernous angioma and glioma (angioglioma) in the hypothalamus--case report. 759 67

Tectal glioma is rare and difficult to diagnose, and the tumor has been known as the tumor that gives no indication of the need for direct surgery because of its anatomical location. At present, MR imaging is available to detect the tumor and its location. We present two patients who underwent direct surgery. Case 1: A 18-year-old female was admitted with headache and nausea. MRI showed signs of stenosis of the aqueduct and a tumor of the tectal region. The tumor was removed partially. Histological examination of this tumor demonstrated a low grade astrocytoma. After surgery, hydrocephalus improved. Case 2: A 12-year-old boy was admitted with hydrocephalus detected by CT. MRI demonstrated a tumor of the midbrain without confirmation. He underwent a V-P shunt for hydrocephalus, and was discharged without any complaints. After 2 years, he was admitted again with shunt malfunction. After shunt revision, his consciousness recovered. However, Parinaud's sign appeared and patency of the shunt was unstable. MRI revealed a tumor of the tectal region and signs of stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius. The tumor was removed directly by the occipital transtentorial approach. The aqueduct was opened and a catheter was inserted from the 3rd to the 4th ventricle. Histological examination revealed a low grade astrocytoma. The patient followed a satisfactory postoperative course except for slight Parinaud's sign, and the V-P shunt was no longer necessary.
 ...
PMID:[Two surgical cases of tectal glioma]. 766 42

Two thousand thirty-eight years later, in the setting of a similar care presentation, a physician would take a detailed history and perform a clinical and neurological examination. A preliminary diagnosis would be entertained and followed by electroencephalography and magnetic resonance of the brain with and without paramagnetic contrast for diagnostic confirmation. The proper medical or surgical treatment would then be instituted. A reconstruction of the clinical history of Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.) has been attempted from available information from literature. Although a definite conclusion obviously cannot be made, a differential diagnosis provided with a tentative hypothesis is presented. The patient had late onset of seizures in the last two years of his life, headaches, personality changes. Upon reexamination of existing Julius Caesar iconography, busts, statues and minted coins no skull deformities have been noted. Identification of a skull deformity as described by Suetonius would have confirmed the suspicion of meningioma involving the convexity of the cerebral hemispheres. Meningioma or slow-growing supratentorial glioma may well have been responsible for this man's illness. Who knows how the course of history might have been changed... Probably not at all.
 ...
PMID:Was Julius Caesar's epilepsy due to a brain tumor? 773 24


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>