Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present the case of a 56-yr-old right-handed male, after informed consent was obtained, who presented with acute confusion and agitation, on the background of a remote history of an uncomplicated resection of a left parietal grade 2 glioma. Imaging revealed a large, acute right temporal intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Standard vascular workup for the cause of the ICH included catheter angiography. No direct cause of the hemorrhage was revealed; however, a high grade parasagittal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) with cortical venous reflux was noted close to the prior craniotomy site. The venous reflux was towards the left hemisphere, but it was hypothesized that similar reflux on the right side may have been present and was not presently evident due to thrombosis. The DAVF was embolized by endovascular means, followed by evacuation of the hematoma. Follow-up angiogram 7 mo later revealed a high-flow, right superior temporal cortical arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The DAVF unfortunately had also progressed. Endovascular occlusion of both lesions was attempted but was not successful. Subsequently, microsurgical resection for both the vascular malformations was performed with careful pre- and intraoperative planning to obtain a successful clinical and angiographic result. In this video, we summarize diagnostic and therapeutic nuances that have broad implications for the workup of ICH and the strategic management of a unique scenario involving a brain AVM and high-grade cranial dural fistula in the same patient. Prior to each procedure, informed consent was obtained from the patient, which includes consent for publication.
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PMID:Treatment Strategy of a Patient With a Brain Arteriovenous Malformation and Cranial Dural Fistula: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. 3047 21

Intracranial hemorrhage associated with lower grade glioma is unusual. Furthermore, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) with intracranial hemorrhage, especially in a children, is extremely rare. We report here a rare case of child PXA with intracranial hemorrhage. An 11-year-old girl was admitted with headache and convulsions. A computed tomography scan demonstrated intracranial hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe. An angiogram revealed no vascular disease including arteriovenous malformation, angioma or aneurysm. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated no enhanced or cystic mass to suggest tumor presence. A follow-up study by MR imaging at 6 months after onset of the intracranial hemorrhage revealed a cystic mass lesion, with gadolinium-enhancement, in the right temporal lobe. This mass lesion was removed by surgery and diagnosed as PXA. Areas of tumor lesion could not be diagnosed immediately after the intracranial hemorrhage since bleeding lesion was prominent. Lower grade gliomas, including PXAs, should therefore be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of pediatric intracranial hemorrhage cases, separately from vascular disease and/or malignant brain tumor.
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PMID:A Case of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma with Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Child. 3070 Nov 55

Although microvascular proliferation can be observed in glioblastoma, obvious vascularity coupled with coexisting cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is extremely rare. This report is of a rare case of glioblastoma, coexisting with a cerebral AVM. A 20-year-old male presented with progressive right hemiparesis within 1 month. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large bleeding tumor with surrounding dilated vessels. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a left frontal AVM with a 1.2 cm nidus. The patient underwent preoperative embolization and radical resection. The coincidence of glioma and AVM was a rare association. However, the concept of hypervascular glioblastoma has been used in different states from different literature reviews; therefore, the role of proangiogenic factors should be addressed.
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PMID:Glioblastoma Multiforme Associated with Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report and Literature Review. 3205 29


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