Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data from the annual survey on transplant activity 1997, collected from 457 transplant teams in 31 European countries by the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) were used to describe current status and to assess relative and absolute changes in indication, donor type and stem cell source compared to 1991. A total of 16950 patients were reported to have a first blood or marrow transplant in 1997, a total of 18 923 procedures, including re- and double transplants were performed. Of the 16950 first transplants, 4751 (28%) were allogeneic, 12199 (72%) autologous transplants. Of the autologous transplants, 829 (7%) were bone marrow derived, 11370 (93%) from peripheral blood stem cells or combined bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplants. Of the allogeneic transplants, 3311 (70%) were bone marrow, 1440 (30%) were peripheral blood stem cell transplants. In 1991, the respective figures were 2175 allogeneic (44%) and 2786 (56%) autologous transplants, more than 90% of the autologous, all allogeneic transplants bone marrow derived. Main indications in 1997 were leukemias with 5253 transplants (31%), 70% allogeneic; lymphomas with 6773 transplants (40%), 94% autologous; solid tumors with 4154 transplants (24%), 99% autologous; non-malignant disorders with 770 transplants (5 %), 85 % allogeneic. There was an absolute increase of 11971 transplants since 1991. An increase was observed in all disease categories. Marked differences were found, when the relative increase index (RII) for specific disease categories over time was analyzed. In allogeneic transplants, relatively more transplants were performed in 1997 for acute myeloid leukemia beyond 1st complete remission (RII 1.28), myelodysplastic syndromes (RII 1.58), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RII 1.33) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (RII 1.58). For autologous transplant indications, a high relative increase index was observed in myelodysplastic syndromes (RII 3.77), in multiple myeloma (RII 2.12) and carcinoma of the breast (RII 6.37) with a relative decrease in leukemias (RII 0.39) and certain solid tumors such as glioma (RII 0.27) and neuroblastoma (RII 0.46). These data present the current status of blood and marrow transplantation in Europe. They show the change from bone marrow to blood as stem cell source and highlight shifts in indication. They provide a basis for patient counselling and health care planning.
 ...
PMID:Blood and marrow transplantation activity in Europe 1997. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). 1045 92

A 54-year-old man with Klinefelter syndrome presented with glioblastoma multiforme manifesting as a 2-week history of motor weakness of the bilateral extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple heterogeneously enhanced tumors in the bilateral frontal lobes. Angiography showed no tumor stain or arteriovenous shunt. The tumor was partially removed through a right craniotomy. The histological diagnosis was glioblastoma. Immunohistochemical examination showed no O(6)-methylguanine-deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase protein expression. Postoperative local radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 fractions) combined with temozolomide (75 mg/m(2) x 42 days) and interferon-beta (3,000,000 U, 3 times/week) was performed. The patient's clinical status rapidly deteriorated during chemoradiotherapy, and he died of tumor progression 3.5 months after the surgery. Postmortem examination revealed widespread glioblastoma infiltrating the basal ganglia and thalamus. Klinefelter syndrome is associated with increased cancer predisposition, especially for male breast cancer and germ cell tumors, but glioma is extremely rare. The abnormal genetic constitution of this patient may have been directly responsible for the poor outcome.
 ...
PMID:Glioblastoma multiforme associated with klinefelter syndrome. 1994 Apr 4

Members of the plasminogen-plasmin (PP) system participate in many physiologic functions. In particular, uPA, its receptor (uPAR) and its inhibitor PAI-1 play an important role in cell migration, cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. Through a number of interactions, these components of the PP system are also involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. In cancer, they modulate the essential processes of tumor development, growth, invasion and metastasis as well as angiogenesis and fibrosis. Thus, quantification of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 in tumors and, in some cases in the circulating blood, became of potential value in the prognostication of many types of cancer. These include cancer of the breast, stomach, colon and rectum, esophagus, pancreas, glioma, lung, kidney, prostate, uterine cervix, ovary, liver and bone. Published data are reviewed in this chapter. Clinical validation of the prognostic value has also been made, particularly in cancer of the breast. Inclusion of these biomarkers in the risk assessment of cancer patients is now considered in the risk-adapted management in carcinoma of the breast. Factors limiting its broader use are discussed with suggestions how these can be overcome. Hopefully the use of these biomarkers will be applied to other types of cancer in the near future.
...
PMID:Components of the Plasminogen-Plasmin System as Biologic Markers for Cancer. 2653 Mar 65

Due to the efficacy of tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor therapy and the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of larotrectinib, it is now clinically important to accurately and efficiently identify patients with neurotrophic TRK (NTRK) fusion-driven cancer. These oncogenic fusions occur when the kinase domain of NTRK1, NTRK2 or NTRK3 fuse with any of a number of N-terminal partners. NTRK fusions are characteristic of a few rare types of cancer, such as secretory carcinoma of the breast or salivary gland and infantile fibrosarcoma, but they are also infrequently seen in some common cancers, such as melanoma, glioma and carcinomas of the thyroid, lung and colon. There are multiple methods for identifying NTRK fusions, including pan-TRK immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridisation and sequencing methods, and the advantages and drawbacks of each are reviewed here. While testing algorithms will obviously depend on availability of various testing modalities and economic considerations for each individual laboratory, we propose triaging specimens based on histology and other molecular findings to most efficiently identify tumours harbouring these treatable oncogenic fusions.
 ...
PMID:Identifying patients with NTRK fusion cancer. 3173 28

Due to the efficacy of tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor therapy and the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of larotrectinib, it is now clinically important to accurately and efficiently identify patients with neurotrophic TRK (NTRK) fusion-driven cancer. These oncogenic fusions occur when the kinase domain of NTRK1, NTRK2 or NTRK3 fuse with any of a number of N-terminal partners. NTRK fusions are characteristic of a few rare types of cancer, such as secretory carcinoma of the breast or salivary gland and infantile fibrosarcoma, but they are also infrequently seen in some common cancers, such as melanoma, glioma and carcinomas of the thyroid, lung and colon. There are multiple methods for identifying NTRK fusions, including pan-TRK immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridisation and sequencing methods, and the advantages and drawbacks of each are reviewed here. While testing algorithms will obviously depend on availability of various testing modalities and economic considerations for each individual laboratory, we propose triaging specimens based on histology and other molecular findings to most efficiently identify tumours harbouring these treatable oncogenic fusions.
 ...
PMID:Identifying patients with NTRK fusion cancer. 3222 34

PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2) gene encodes a protein that colocalizes with BRCA2 in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2 PALB2 plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity through its role in the Fanconi anemia and homologous recombination DNA repair pathways. It has a known loss-of-function disease mechanism. Biallelic PALB2 pathogenic variants have been described in autosomal recessive Fanconi anemia. Heterozygous pathogenic variants in PALB2 are associated with increased risk for female and male breast cancer and pancreatic cancer (Science 324: 217; Cancer Res 71: 2222-2229; N Engl J Med 371: 497-506). Heterozygous germline PALB2 mutations have also been observed in patients with medulloblastoma (Lancet Oncol 19: 785-798). However, PALB2-related cancer predisposition to high-grade gliomas has not been reported. Here we report a germline PALB2 pathogenic variant (c.509_510delGA, p.Arg170Ilefs*14, NM_024675.3) found in a pediatric patient with high-grade glioma. This variant was first identified by tumor sequencing using the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Comprehensive Solid Tumor Panel and then confirmed to be a germline change using the CHOP Comprehensive Hereditary Cancer Panel on DNA from a blood sample of this patient. Parental studies showed that this variant was paternally inherited. Further studies are needed to illustrate if pathogenic variants in PALB2 convey increased risk to developing brain tumor. This case also highlights the potential of identifying germline mutation through tumor sequencing.
 ...
PMID:A germline PALB2 pathogenic variant identified in a pediatric high-grade glioma. 3255 98