Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 37 year-old patient with tuberous sclerosis and renal failure had renal transplantation performed, after 21 months of hemodialysis treatment and cerebral glioma removal, with good results 7 years later. In order to assess renal transplantation as a treatment for end-stage renal failure of tuberous sclerosis, we have reviewed the literature. 14 observations could be analysed: the patients were young with a mean age of 29.2 years, women in majority, with minor neurologic involvement. Because of the risks of neoplastic transformation and angiomyolipoma bleeding, bilateral nephrectomy is cautious, before or during the renal transplantation. Otherwise a close monitoring of the native kidneys by CT-scan is necessary. So the patients with tuberous sclerosis are good candidates for renal transplantation, with the same results as other patients of the same age, with no aggravation of the neurologic disorders, even when a cerebral tumor has been removed, as in our case.
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PMID:[Renal transplantation in Bourneville tuberous sclerosis]. 781 64

A recent case of angiomyolipoma (AML) with a prominent component of polygonal epithelioid cells is described. A 27-year-old Japanese male with tuberous sclerosis presented with massive abdominal tumors increasing progressively in size. The patient died of respiratory disturbance and the autopsy revealed massive tumors in the bilateral kidneys, liver and lymph nodes, subependymal giant cell glioma of the brain and lymphangiomyomatosis of the lungs. The giant tumors were an unusual type of AML with a component of polygonal epithelioid cells, which showed a hepatocellular carcinoma-like pattern in some areas. Smooth muscle components comprising spindle cells, short or plump spindle cells and polygonal epithelioid cells frequently exhibited positive staining for HMB-45 but negative staining for epithelial cell markers. The unusual AML presented in this case was thought to be of low-grade malignancy and slow growing. It has been suggested that angiomyolipomas with diffuse areas of epithelioid cell component are potentially malignant. Immunostainings positive for HMB-45 but negative for epithelial cell markers are considered to be useful in differentiating AML with polygonal epithelioid cell component from other tumors, especially from renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Multiple giant angiomyolipomas with a polygonal epithelioid cell component in tuberous sclerosis: an autopsy case report. 995 47

The aim of this review is to evaluate clinical applications of (11)C-acetate positron emission tomography (PET). Acetate is quickly metabolized into acetyl-CoA in human cells. In this form it can either enter into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, thus producing energy, as happens in the myocardium, or participate in cell membrane lipid synthesis, as happens in tumor cells. (11)C-acetate PET was originally employed in cardiology, to study myocardial oxygen metabolism. More recently it has also been used to evaluate myocardial perfusion, as well as in oncology. The first studies of (11)C-acetate focused on its use in prostate cancer. Subsequently, (11)C-acetate was studied in other urological malignancies, as well as renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer. Well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma represents an (18)F-fluoro-deoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET pitfall, so many authors have proposed to use (11)C-acetate in addition to (18)F-FDG in studying this tumor. (11)C-acetate PET has also been used in other malignancies, such as brain tumors and lung carcinoma. Some authors reported a few cases in which (11)C-acetate PET incidentally found multiple myeloma or rare tumors, such as thymoma, multicentric angiomyolipoma of the kidney and cerebellopontine angle schwannoma. Lastly, (11)C-acetate PET was also employed in a differential diagnosis case between glioma and encephalitis. The numerous studies on (11)C-acetate have demonstrated that it can be used in cardiology and oncology with no contraindications apart from pregnancy and the necessity of a rapid scan. Despite its limited availability, this tracer can surely be considered to be a promising one, because of its versatility and capacity to even detect non (18)F-FDG-avid neoplasm, such as differentiated lung cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:The clinical use of PET with (11)C-acetate. 2313 1