Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-islands is considered a rare variant of an astrocytoma. Congenital cases of glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-islands, which typically arise in adults, have not been reported to our knowledge. We report an autopsy case of an in-utero demise of a 38-week-gestation female fetus in a 29-year-old female. At autopsy, a previously detected supratentorial tectal mass (by fetal MRI) was identified. Histology showed a biphasic neoplasm marked by island of gray matter-like parenchyma rimmed by mature-appearing neuronal cells intermixed with variably cellular areas resembling a low grade astrocytoma. Focally, the tumor was noted to involve the overlying meninges. The neuronal cell components were highlighted with synaptophysin and neuN antibodies and the glioma areas stained with glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody. The tumor did not stain with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (R132H) antibody and had a low Ki-67 labeling index (1.4%), in keeping with a low grade tumor. The pathologic findings were interpreted as representing a low grade glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-like islands. There have been few reports of this tumor arising in children, with most of those developing in the spinal cord. To our knowledge, this is the first reported congenital case of this tumor described in the literature.
...
PMID:Congenital glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-like islands. 2645 42

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms divided into two broad categories, glial and non-glial. Non-glial tumors are derived from such diverse structures as the pineal gland, meninges, germ cells, and hematopoietic cells, as well as metastases. Primary glial neoplasms, or those which originate from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or ependymal cells, include astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, and mixed gliomas. Each entity has a unique morphology and pattern of biologic behavior which portends a distinct prognosis and outcome. Individual outcomes show some variability based on tumor location and age of symptom onset; however, the underlying aggressiveness of the tumor often dictates the time course of the disease. With the advent and widespread use of fluorescent in-situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, molecular phenotyping of brain tumors has become mainstream and is now an integral part of patient care. The molecular genetics of CNS tumors is a rapidly growing field, and the volume of discoveries is growing at an ever increasing rate, compelling the need for updates in this exciting area of science.
 ...
PMID:Updates in Molecular Pathology of Central Nervous System Gliomas in Adults. 2651 49

Objective: To evaluate cytological test of cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of meningeal dissemination of tumor cells. Methods: The clinical and imaging features of 85 cases with tumor cells diagnosed by thin-layer centrifugal cytological test of cerebrospinal fluid were retrospectively reviewed. The characteristics of cellular morphology and immunocytochemical staining were analyzed. Results: The main presentations of all the patinets was meningeal irritation and neurological dysfunction. The features of the brain MRI were meningeal thicking and enhancement, intracranial abnormal signals and intracranial space occupying lesion in part of the patients. Atypical cells were found in 84 cases (98.8%) with the first sample test and immunocytochemical staining was conducted in 48 cases to identify the tissue origin. Meningeal carcinomatosis was shown to be the majority with lung cancer as the dominated tissue type and adenocarcinoma as the most common histological type. Others were lymphatic hematopoietic system (13 cases), melanomas(5 cases), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (3 cases) and glioma (1 case). In addition, 12 cases were only proved to be cancer by cytological test of cerebrospinal fluid. Conclusion: The thin-layer centrifugal cytological test of cerebrospinal fluid has a relatively high accuracy for detecting disseminated tumor cells of meninges and could be of great help to identify the source and type of lesion with immunocytochemical staining.
 ...
PMID:[The clinical and pathological features of 85 cases with positive cerebrospinal fluid cytology by thin-layer centrifugal cytological test]. 2791 50

The meningeal lymphatic vessels were discovered 2 years ago as the drainage system involved in the mechanisms underlying the clearance of waste products from the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a gatekeeper that strongly controls the movement of different molecules from the blood into the brain. We know the scenarios during the opening of the BBB, but there is extremely limited information on how the brain clears the substances that cross the BBB. Here, using the model of sound-induced opening of the BBB, we clearly show how the brain clears dextran after it crosses the BBB via the meningeal lymphatic vessels. We first demonstrate successful application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for imaging of the lymphatic vessels in the meninges after opening of the BBB, which might be a new useful strategy for noninvasive analysis of lymphatic drainage in daily clinical practice. Also, we give information about the depth and size of the meningeal lymphatic vessels in mice. These new fundamental data with the applied focus on the OCT shed light on the mechanisms of brain clearance and the role of lymphatic drainage in these processes that could serve as an informative platform for a development of therapy and diagnostics of diseases associated with injuries of the BBB such as stroke, brain trauma, glioma, depression, or Alzheimer disease.
 ...
PMID:Application of optical coherence tomography for in vivo monitoring of the meningeal lymphatic vessels during opening of blood-brain barrier: mechanisms of brain clearing. 2927 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4