Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Murine embryonal carcinoma tumors were induced to differentiate in vivo by administration of retinoic acid. Six long-term surviving animals had seven slowly growing tumors which were transplanted s.c. into strain 129 mice. Untreated embryonal carcinomas were transplanted as controls. All of the 16 control transplants grew rapidly and killed their hosts within 25 days. All of the 24 transplants of retinoic acid-differentiated tumor survived. Sixteen experimental transplants originating from five original tumors showed no or slow growth for up to 16 weeks and were found to be histologically benign cystic teratomas. Two original tumors gave rise to eight relatively rapidly growing transplants. One tumor resulted in four histologically similar solid tumors which resembled chondrosarcomas, and the second tumor gave rise to four histologically similar solid tumors which proved to be a mixture of glioma and chondrosarcoma. Examination of the tumor sources of these latter transplants showed benign cystic teratomas with focal solid, mitotically active cellular areas which were histologically similar to the transplants. These data confirm that retinoic acid-induced differentiation of murine embryonal carcinoma cells results in altered biological potential of these cells and usually the formation of a benign teratoma. Rarely (about 1 per 2 X 10(8], the resulting differentiated cells will give rise to rapidly growing, histologically malignant tumors. One can predict such biological propensity when solid, mitotically active areas in the original tumor are found.
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PMID:Chemically induced differentiation of murine embryonal carcinoma in vivo: transplantation of differentiated tumors. 620 Dec 66

A case of a tail in a 2-week-old infant is reported, and findings from a review of 33 previously reported cases of true tails and pseudotails are summarized. The true, or persistent, vestigial tail of humans arises from the most distal remnant of the embryonic tail. It contains adipose and connective tissue, central bundles of striated muscle, blood vessels, and nerves and is covered by skin. Bone, cartilage, notochord, and spinal cord are lacking. The true tail arises by retention of structures found normally in fetal development. It may be as long as 13 cm, can move and contract, and occurs twice as often in males as in females. A true tail is easily removed surgically, without residual effects. It is rarely familial. Pseudotails are varied lesions having in common a lumbosacral protrusion and a superficial resemblance to persistent vestigial tails. The most frequent cause of a pseudotail in a series of ten cases obtained from the literature was an anomalous prolongation of the coccygeal vertebrae. Additional lesions included two lipomas, and one each of teratoma, chondromegaly , glioma, and a thin, elongated parasitic fetus.
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PMID:Human tails and pseudotails. 637 60

Adhesion studies were carried out to determine the relative ability of glioma cells and ovary-derived teratoma cells to adhere to endothelial cells obtained from mouse brain capillaries (designated MBE cell line) or mouse ovaries (designated MOE cell line). The teratoma cells showed preferential adhesion to MOE cells, whereas the glioma cells showed preferential adhesion to the MBE cell line. In contrast, the glioma and teratoma cells adhered equally to L929 and 3T3 fibroblasts. A testicular teratoma with ovary-seeking properties in vivo also adhered preferentially to MOE cells, while the preference for MBE cells was shared by glioma cells with an endothelioma and a bladder tumor line. The endothelioma, interestingly, showed a marked preferential adhesion to 3T3 cells, thus distinguishing it from the glioma. The experiments demonstrate that capillary endothelial cells derived from different sources are not alike and that differences expressed at the cell surface of these cells can be distinguished by tumor cells.
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PMID:Differential adhesion of tumor cells to capillary endothelial cells in vitro. 659 84

The finding of mature neuroglial tissue in a mass from the head and neck region of a child raises four differential diagnostic possibilities: teratoma, encephalocele, glioma, and heterotopic brain tissue. We present a review of the literature and discuss the clinical, radiographical, and pathological features of a rare nasopharyngeal brain heterotopia in an infant causing upper airway obstruction.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal brain heterotopia--a cause of upper airway obstruction in infancy. 672 20

A totally thrombosed large arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which operated as an intracranial space occupying lesion was presented. The patient was a 24-year-old woman who had had frequent attacks of loss of consciousness since the age of 13 years and had been on anticonvulsant medication at the psychiatric department of our hospital. She was referred to our clinic with bitemporal girdle pain, nausea and vomiting. Neurological examination revealed right homonymous hemianopsia, sensory aphasia and choked discs in both ocular fundi. Computed tomogram demonstrated a well defined large high density area with mottled calcification in rostromedial part of the left occipital lobe. The midline structures were displaced to the right side with deformity of the lateral ventricles. Left carotid angiogram showed upward displacement of M2 portion of the left middle cerebral artery. Fine vessels were observed as a capillary blush at the distal part of the pericallosal artery. Teratoma or calcified glioma was suspected preoperatively. But surgery revealed that the large mass was a totally thrombosed AVM. Possible mechanisms for the spontaneous enlargement of the thrombosed AVM were discussed. Cases of totally thrombosed AVM causing displacement of the midline structures or deformity of the ventricles without massive hematoma or disturbance of cerebrospinal fluid circulation have not yet been reported.
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PMID:[Totally thrombosed large arteriovenous malformation--a case report]. 715 97

Pure rhabdomyosarcomas are extremely rare as primary tumors in the cranial vault. In this instance, a 25-year-old man had symptoms and signs of chronically increased intracranial pressure. A biopsy of the meninges of his posterior fossa was performed revealing a spindle-cell sarcoma. Ultrastructural evidence of striated muscle differentiation and cross striations was present. The patient died of pulmonary emboli. Complete autopsy failed to disclose tumor anywhere except the leptomeninges. The presence of this tumor indicates that a rhabdomyosarcoma can arise from the meninges without a preexisting glioma or teratoma.
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PMID:Diffuse meningeal rhabdomyosarcoma. 719 34

Based on our 12 cases of lesions located at anterolateral area of brain stem which were successful operated upon via far-lateral approaches, the study and progress of the far-lateral approaches were reviewed. In our cases, there were 4 intramedullary lesions including 3 vascular malformations, and 1 glioma. The other 8 lesions were located at extramedullary anterolateral area of brain stem including 2 large acoustic neuromas, 2 meningiomas at clivus and 2 neurofibromas at anterolateral areas of the medulla oblongata and upper spinal cord, 1 teratoma at the anterolateral area of pone-medulla and 1 large aneurysm at the junction of vertebrobasilar artery. During the operations, 8 lesions were totally removed. 1 meningioma was subtotally removed. 2 (1 vascular malformation and 1 glioma) were subtotally removed too, the aneurysm was only given a decompression of increased intracranial pressure, because the patient's interrupted respiration during the operation. There were nooperative mortality and morbidity and good results were obtained in this group. The details of our modified far-lateral approach was also described in this paper.
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PMID:[Treatment of the lesions at anterolateral area of the brain stem via far-lateral approaches]. 784 13

Two monoclonal antibodies, DMAb-21 and DMAb-22, directed against the lactotetraose series ganglioside-associated epitope IV3NeuAc,III6-NeuAcLcOse4Cer (3',6'-isoLD1), were found to define the minimum binding epitope NeuAc(or NeuGc)alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3(NeuAc or NeuGc)alpha 2-6GlcNAc. The distribution of 3',6'-isoLD1 in cultured cell lines and derived xenografts of primary tumors of the human central nervous system and of embryonal or neuroectodermal tumor derivation was determined. Only 4 of 26 cell lines, 3 teratomas and 1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, expressed detectable 3',6'-isoLD1 when cultured in vitro; none of 14 tested glioma lines, including 2 that expressed the monosialo-precursor IV3NeuAcLcOse4Cer in vitro, expressed detectable levels. Expression of 3',6'-isoLD1 was more frequent when neoplastic cells were grown in xenograft form in athymic mice; 4 of 10 glioma and 2 of 2 teratoma xenograft ganglioside extracts were positive for 3',6'-isoLD1. The absence of 3',6'-isoLD1 in cultured tumor cells of the central nervous system and its proportional increased presence in tumor cells of the same origin grown in vivo further supports previous studies suggesting that ganglioside expression may be modified by environmental forces. The expression of lacto series gangliosides both in vitro and in vivo by teratoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, as opposed to only in vivo expression by glioma cells, suggests that tissue-specific forces may also exist. Immunohistochemical localization of 3',6'-isoLD1 in frozen sections of primary central nervous system neoplasms including those of glial and nonglial origin was performed; 20 of 30 (67%) of glial tumors were positive. Among nonglial tumors, 21 of 34 (62%) of epithelial cancers were reactive with anti-3',6'-isoLD1 monoclonal antibodies; notably negative were carcinomas of the ovary and lung carcinomas of all subtypes. Lymphomas and infiltrative lymphocytes were uniformly negative. The restriction of 3',6'-isoLD1 expression within the human central nervous system to periods of fetal-neonatal astroglial proliferation, to intense reactive astrocytosis, and to primary neoplasms, and the production of specific monoclonal antibodies to this epitope provide a specific complex for immunolocalization and, eventually, immunotherapy.
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PMID:Lactotetraose series ganglioside 3',6'-isoLD1 in tumors of central nervous and other systems in vitro and in vivo. 841 36

Extraspinal ependymomas are a rare type of glioma that may arise in the sacrococcygeal region, presenting as a pelvic mass in an infant or child. Ependymoma presenting in the newborn period has not been described previously. Herein we describe a case of a newborn boy who presented with a perianal ependymoma, which was subsequently found to have presacral extension. The major diagnostic challenge this case presented was to rule out the alternative diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma or a developmental malformation/heterotopia.
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PMID:Perianal ependymoma presenting in the neonatal period. 908 35

Intracranial tumours, often presenting with progressive hydrocephalus, are rare congenital diseases accounting for 0.5-1.5 per cent of all cases of brain tumours diagnosed during childhood. The differential diagnosis includes vascular malformations, infarctions, and haemorrhages. Sonographic signs suggestive of glioblastoma, teratoma, and astrocytoma do not establish the histological diagnosis, however. We report a case of an undifferentiated fetal glioma detected at 29 weeks' gestation. The diagnosis of an undifferentiated brain tumour was suspected by sonography because of the lack of normal brain structures in conjunction with a diffuse echogenic central lesion and an external hydrocephalus. Because of the very poor prognosis, we induced labour by intravaginal and intravenous administration of prostaglandin E2 and achieved the vaginal delivery of a stillborn child whose head circumference corresponded to 38 weeks of pregnancy. Histological and immunochemical features of this undifferentiated congenital glioma (glioblastoma) are presented.
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PMID:Prenatal diagnosis of a highly undifferentiated brain tumour--a case report and review of the literature. 935 78


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