Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-nine primary intraspinal neoplasms in children observed between 1936 and 1975 in Connecticut are reviewed. Most of them were gliomas: 45 per cent astrocytoma, 24 per cent ependymal neoplasm, 10 per cent glioblastoma multiforme and 7 per cent glioma. Symptoms, physical findings and therapy are reviewed.
Paraplegia 1977 Nov
PMID:Intraspinal neoplasms in children. 20 2

A case of sarcoma arising in a left temporal oligodendroglioma is described in a 39-year-old male. The postoperative evolution was marked by a paraplegia linked to medullary and subarachnoid metastases. Then a relapse of the cerebral tumor occurred, and the patient died 6 months after the onset of the symptoms. Histologically, the mesenchymal component appeared fibrosarcomatous and angiosarcomatous. Those facts argue in favor of the histogenic hypotheses put forward in exceptional cases previously described, according to which the sarcoma develops from vascular elements of the glioma.
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PMID:Sarcoma arising in oligodendroglioma of the brain: a case with intramedullary and subarachnoid spinal metastases. 72 72

It is generally accepted that the metastases of intracranial glioma to extracranial location are rare. In such a case the minimal criteria proposed originally by Weiss should usually be satisfied if a report is to be considered as an acceptable case of metastasizing central nervous system glioma outside the central nervous system. We report a case of glioblastoma multiforme, fulfilling Weiss' criteria, metastasizing the spinal epidural space. The patient was a 32-year-old male, who underwent craniotomy and subtotal removal of a glioblastoma multiforme in the left parietooccipital area. He was additionally treated with irradiation and chemotherapeutic agents. Twelve months after the craniotomy, he was admitted again to our clinic because of sudden onset of severe lumbago, paraplegia and urinary disturbance. Diagnosis of a spinal epidural tumor was made and laminectomy (Th10-L1) was performed. At operation, an epidural mass was found, however no invasion to the spinal cord or dura was noted. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was glioblastoma multiforme. Although he was treated with radiation, pulmonary metastasis was manifested one month later, and the condition of the patient deteriorated. He died 21 months after the first operation and 8 months after the second operation. Even at the terminal stage, his consciousness was clear without any sign for recurrence of intracranial tumor. The general autopsy was done and multiple metastatic lesions of glioblastoma multiforme in paratracheal and paraaortic lymph node, left pleura, both lungs and spinal cord were observed. The present case suggests that the surgical intervention, irradiation, and chemotherapy may contribute to extracranial metastasis of a glioblastoma.
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PMID:[Spinal epidural metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme: a case report]. 298 97

Ten (23%) patients out of 43 with malignant glioma developed meningeal gliomatosis during the follow up period of at least one year. The duration between the first surgery and diagnosis of meningeal gliomatosis ranged from one to 78 weeks (median 45 weeks). In younger age group less than 20 years old, 5 (56%) out of 9 patients had meningeal gliomatosis, and on the contrary the incidence was lower in older age group above 20 years old (5 of 34, 15%). Seven (22%) out of 32 male and 3 (27%) out of 11 female patients developed meningeal gliomatosis. The primary tumor location were frontal lobe in 4 cases (including one bifrontal tumor), temporal in 2, parieto-occipital in 1, thalamus in 1, midbrain in 1, and cerebellar hemisphere in 1, respectively. Histologically, 7 tumors were anaplastic astrocytoma, and 3 were glioblastoma. The characteristic neurological findings observed during the course of meningeal gliomatosis were abnormal mental status (80%), cranial nerve palsies (50%), paraplegia (60%), stiff neck (80%), seizure (50%), and respiratory disturbance (80%), CSF cytology was positive in all 9 patients tested. CT scan demonstrated hydrocephalus (70%), and diffuse contrast enhancement of ventricular wall (60%) and basal cistern (10%). In 2 cases, block and irregular filling defect were seen by myelography. Six patients were treated by irradiation to the whole brain and/or spine, and 5, by intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and bleomycin. However, all patients died of the tumor one to 46 weeks (median 18 weeks) after the diagnosis of meningeal gliomatosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical studies of meningeal gliomatosis]. 649 23

Six patients with histologically verified gliomas of the conus medullaris (two astrocytomas, two ependymomas, two myxopapillary ependymomas) were diagnosed and studied. There were four men and two women ranging in age from 23 to 47 years. Predominant initial symptoms were back pain (four cases) and leg weakness (two cases). The most common findings on admission were flaccid paparesis with impaired sensation and bladder dysfunction. Postoperative MR images with more than 95% removal of a tumour were defined as 'subtotal removal' (noted in two of six cases), and less than 95% as 'partial removal' (four of six cases). All patients had postoperative radiotherapy, and the two patients with an astrocytoma underwent chemotherapy. During the follow up period ranging from 2 to 7 years, there was no tumour recurrence or regrowth on MR images except in a patient with a malignant astrocytoma, who indeed died from intracranial dissemination 2 years after surgery. Adjuvant therapy following the excision of a spinal glioma is also discussed.
Paraplegia 1994 Jan
PMID:Gliomas of the conus medullaris. 801 37

In a 20-year-old female patient with a brain stem glioma in the medulla oblongata in association with paraplegia and respiratory paralysis, bradyarrhythmias such as sinus bradycardia and sinus arrest repeated sporadically and transiently, but soon subsided as radiotherapy was being delivered to the glioma in the medulla oblongata. The bradyarrhythmias were differentiated from sick sinus syndrome in their sporadic and transient character. The patient responded normally to atropine, isoproterenol, and phenylephrine. Parasympathetic nerve reflexes induced by Aschner's, Czermak's, and Valsalva's maneuvers and sympathetic nerve reflex induced by change of body position were within normal limits. Although EKG abnormalities associated with diseases of the central nervous system are frequently due to intracranial hypertension and/or irritation of the hypothalamus, the bradyarrhythmias in this patient were possibly due to vagus stimulation caused by the glioma in the medulla.
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PMID:[A case of sporadic and transient bradyarrhythmias in a patient with a glioma in the medulla oblongata]. 835 39

Recently extension of malignant glioma to the spinal cord (meningeal gliomatosis: MG) has been described with increasing frequency as the advancement of the therapy for brain tumor. However, the study for clinicopathological features of MG has not been established and its therapy has still been difficult. We tried to produce experimental models of MG using nude mice and study experimental immunotherapy with human monoclonal antibody (CLN-IgG MoAb). U87-SC1 human glioma cells (5 x 10(5) in 20 microliters) were inoculated transcutaneously into the cisterna magna of BALB/c nu/nu mice using a 27-gage needle. Daily weights, neurological findings and survival time were examined. MRI scan was performed after neurological deterioration and histological examination was also performed after death. CLN-IgG MoAb was used for treatment and 15 nude mice which were inoculated with tumor cells into the cisterna magna (Day 0) were divided into three groups of 5 mice each. Group A was control group which received saline into the cisterna magna, Group B and C received 50 micrograms of CLN-IgG into the cisterna magna on Day 2 or Day 7 following inoculation of tumor cells. Efficacy of experimental immunotherapy was statistically evaluated by the difference of median survival time (MST) among three groups. All of the nude mice lost weight within 4 or 5 days after inoculation of tumor cells and developed paraplegia or tetraplegia with incontinence and died. MRI of the nude mice which showed neurological deteriorations revealed ventricular dilatation, infiltration of tumor cells to the spinal cord and spread of tumor cells into the subarachnoid space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Experimental study on immunotherapy of meningeal gliomatosis with monoclonal antibody]. 847 56

In various systemic cancers, interleukin 12 (IL-12) induces anti-tumour immunity mediated by T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. To determine whether IL-12 has anti-tumour activity against malignant gliomas in the central nervous system (CNS), which is considered to be an immunologically privileged site, we treated mice with meningeal gliomatosis by intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intrathecal (i.t.) administration of recombinant murine IL-12. Although untreated mice revealed symptoms, such as body weight loss or paraplegia as a result of the meningeal gliomatosis within 8 days after tumour inoculation, 80% of the mice treated with IL-12 at 0.5 microg i.p. were cured. Many lymphocytes, mostly CD4+ and CD8+ cells, infiltrated to the tumours of IL-12-treated mice. The numbers of these cells increased in the cervical lymph nodes, into which the cerebrospinal fluid drains, and there they secreted a considerable amount of interferon-gamma. Mice cured by IL-12 rejected subcutaneous or i.t. rechallenge with their original glioma cells, but the same mice were not able to reject other syngeneic tumour cells. These results indicate that the immune system recognizes malignant glioma cells in the subarachnoid space of the CNS and that systemic IL-12 may produce effective anti-tumour activity and long-lasting tumour-specific immunity.
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PMID:Systemic interleukin 12 displays anti-tumour activity in the mouse central nervous system. 971 25

A 5-year old female Boxer with a 1-week history of progressive paresis and paraplegia had a T10-13 subarachnoid filling defect on myelography. Exploratory hemilaminectomy revealed an intramedullary spinal cord tumor which was subsequently diagnosed as a poorly differentiated glioma, most likely an anaplastic ependymoma. The cytologic, histologic, and immunocytochemical staining characteristics of this neoplasm are described. Differential diagnoses, including primary and secondary tumors involving the central nervous system are discussed.
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PMID:Cytologic and histologic features of a poorly differentiated glioma in a dog. 1265 82

Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is difficult when the lesion mimics glioma or cerebral enchephalitis. We report a case of pediatric MS initially suspected as brain stem glioma. An 11-year-old boy developed left foot joint pain followed by progressive symptoms such as left arm and leg weakness, dysarthria, paraplegia, and decreased level of consciousness. He subsequently developed respiratory distress requiring endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass measuring 2 cm in the medulla oblongata. Although this mass was initially suspected as a glioma, the patient's acutely progressive disease course was not consistent with this diagnosis. Open biopsy revealed inflammation and demyelination, but no malignant cells were detected. He was treated with steroid pulse therapy, which showed dramatic effects. Nine months later, he developed another episode characterized by several neurological symptoms, and the diagnosis of MS was clinically confirmed. Open brain stem biopsy is technically demanding, but this case demonstrates that appropriate neurosurgical evaluation can play an important role in diagnosis by ruling out glioma and confirming MS.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of brain biopsy in a pediatric multiple sclerosis mimicking brain stem glioma]. 2381 76


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