Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reviewed the records of 29 patients with optic nerve or chiasm glioma, or both, seen from 1955 to 1966. Sixteen patients were girls and 13 were boys. At the time of diagnosis, 14 patients were less than 2 years old. Optic atrophy was the most frequently seen physical finding, present in 26 of 29 patients. Twelve patients had diencephalic syndrome (41%). Proptosis was seen in eight. Eleven patients (38%) had associated neurofibromatosis. Pneumoencaphalogram was done on 26 patients and was abnormal in 23. The diagnosis was confirmed at surgery in 27 patients. All tumors were astrocytomas. Eighteen patients underwent radiotherapy. Surgery and radiotherapy were used as treatment for optic-chiasmatic glioma with diencephalic syndrome.
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PMID:Optic chiasmatic glioma in children. 10 6

The diagnosis of glioma of the chiasm is based on the following factors: occurrence in infancy, association with Von Recklinghausen's disease, progressive and slow loss of vision in both eyes, bilateral optic atrophy, unilateral temporal defect or asymmetrical bitemporal hemianopia, exophthalmos, slow course, omega-deformation of the sella turcica, enlargement of one or both optic foramina, postitive computerized axial tomography. Surgery is contraindicated. Radiotherapy may be applied, but its efficacy is still discussed.
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PMID:[Glioma of the chiasm (author's transl)]. 14 9

A 5-year-old boy with monocular vertical nystagmus, initially believed to have spasmus nutans, subsequently developed optic atrophy and visual loss. Neuroradiologic investigation indicated probable chiasmal glioma. The case of this patient re-emphasizes the necessity of careful clinical and radiologic assessment before assuming acquired monocular nystagmus to be a benign and self-limited disorder.
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PMID:Monocular vertical nystagmus as an initial sign of chiasmal glioma. 43 58

Altitudinal visual field defects in five cases with optic nerve lesions due to optic glioma, compression, and trauma are correlated to retinal nerve fibre degeneration, recorded with ophthalmoscopy and photography in red-free light. In one case the optic nerve was damaged at operation. Repeated fundus photography was used to record the evolution of descending optic atrophy. The results suggest that the findings in funduscopic examination of the retinal nerve fibre layer should be cautiously judged and the method cannot replace careful perimetry in cooperative patients.
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PMID:Altitudinal field defects and retinal nerve fibre degeneration in optic nerve lesions. 72 90

Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant disease with multiple systemic and ocular signs and features. The ocular manifestations of neurofibromatosis include a high incidence of iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules), choroidal hamartomas, and eye lid neurofibromas. Other ocular features may include conjunctival neurofibromas, prominent corneal nerves, glial tissue overlying the optic nerve, and bilateral optic atrophy due to optic glioma. Once neurofibromatosis is diagnosed, patients must have long-term ophthalmic evaluations throughout their lifetime, as this is a progressive systemic and ocular disease.
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PMID:Lisch nodules in neurofibromatosis. 211 91

This study documents the results of standardized A-scan examinations performed in 59 cases of optic nerve lesions (15 perioptic meningiomas, four gliomas, 15 acute neuritides, ten optic atrophies, five ischemic optic neuropathies, five acute central retinal vein occlusions, five traumatic optic neuropathies), as compared with 73 normal optic nerves. Analysis included the assessment of reflectivity (spike height) and nerve width (maximal diameter) with the patient fixating in primary gaze and 30 degrees of eccentric gaze; measurements were obtained from the anterior one third and posterior one third of the optic nerves. Increased nerve diameters could be distinguished as noncompressible (a negative 30 degrees test) when due to tumor, or compressible (a positive 30 degrees test) when due to increased subarachnoid fluid, as exemplified by inflammatory optic neuritis or traumatic neuropathy. Moreover, reflectivity patterns regularly differentiated meningioma (medium reflectivity) from optic glioma (low reflectivity). Neither ischemic neuropathy nor vein occlusion altered optic nerve diameter. These results indicate that echographically defined optic nerve diameter, compressibility in eccentric gaze, and reflectivity patterns can be used to effectively distinguish among causes of chronic optic atrophy (tumor vs remote neuropathy) and disc edema (tumor vs neuritis vs ischemic neuropathy).
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PMID:Standardized A-scan echography in optic nerve disease. 330 21

We reviewed the records of 218 children in whom a diagnosis of optic atrophy had been made between 1978 and 1987. A cause for the atrophy was determined for 195 patients (89%). Tumor, the most frequent cause, was found in 63 patients (29%). The most common tumor was a glioma of the anterior visual pathway; it was found in 27 patients (43% of tumors; 12% overall). The second most frequently encountered tumor, a craniopharyngioma, was found in 14 patients. Inflammation, the second most common cause of optic atrophy, occurred in 38 children (17%). Trauma caused optic atrophy in 24 patients (11%). No cause could be found for 23 patients (11%). Thirteen patients were less than 1 year of age at the time of diagnosis. Three of these patients had tumors. One was a cerebral glioblastoma, and the other two were optic gliomas. The diagnosis of optic atrophy in infancy does not imply a benign cause.
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PMID:Optic atrophy in children. 340 Jul 62

An 8-year-old girl was first seen at the age of 4 with nystagmus and hypoplastic discs. Subsequent follow-up demonstrated poor visual acuity and optic atrophy. A CT scan showed a chiasmal or perichiasmal mass. The presumptive diagnosis of an optic chiasmal glioma is being considered. The use of neuroimaging in chiasmal or perichiasmal lesions and the natural history and treatment of optic nerve and chiasmal gliomas are discussed.
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PMID:To image or not to image. 340 92

Pattern electroretinogram (PERG) results recorded in different laboratories from patients with unilateral traumatic transections of the optic nerve have led investigators to opposite conclusions about the sources of this response. There was no absolute demonstration of complete transection in any of these studies. In the present study, PERGs and flash ERGs were recorded from a patient who, 30 months earlier, had undergone surgical resection of the right optic nerve to remove a glioma. The histological section of the biopsied nerve confirmed complete optic nerve transection. Ophthalmoscopically and angiographically, the right eye was normal except for marked optic atrophy. PERGs were produced by 10 Hz reversal of high contrast checks with check widths from 13 deg 30 min to 12 min arc. Field size was 27 deg X 21 deg and space-averaged screen luminance was 110 cd/m2. Smaller checks (3 deg 23 min to 12 min) produced responses in both eyes, but the responses in the right eye were much smaller than those in the left eye. Large checks and diffuse flashes produced approximately equal responses in the two eyes. The implicit times of the PERGs produced by stimulation of the right eye with smaller checks were shorter than those of the left eye. The authors conclude that, in humans, there is a contribution to the high contrast pattern reversal ERG from cells which are not dependent upon the integrity of the ganglion cell layer. These cells and cells dependent upon ganglion cells may both contribute to the high contrast PERG in the normal human eye.
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PMID:The pattern ERG in man following surgical resection of the optic nerve. 355 62

A 10-month-old girl presented with visual loss in the right eye associated with bilateral optic atrophy. The suggestive clinical diagnosis was an optic nerve glioma. The computerized tomographic findings were unusual in that symmetric bilateral involvement of the anterior visual pathways were present. The radiological diagnosis of an optic glioma was histologically confirmed.
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PMID:Glioma of the anterior optic pathways. 409 44


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