Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumors of the nervous system were induced in Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats by weekly administrations of 6 mg/kg N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in the drinking water. Three of these tumors, a grade 2 mixed glioma, a grade 2 to 3 astrocytoma and a grade 1 to 2 oligodendroglioma, were established in culture and propagated in vitro. The mixed glioma strain (75SD-G-376) and the astrocytoma line (75SD-G-420) were repeatedly subcultured, cloned at passage 90 and 120 and designated as 75SD-G-376C and 75SD-G-420C clone, respectively. The growth rate of the oligodendroglioma cell strain (77LE-G-180) was very low and the cells died off after the 5th in vitro passage. The glial nature of all lines was ascertained by demonstrating the presence of the S-100 protein in the culture cells. 2 1/2 years after the establishment in vitro of the 75SD-G-376 and 75SD-G-420 primary cultures, mass cultures as well as clones derived from them are still producing S-100 and thus are clearly comparable to the primary cultures, at least in this respect. From a morphological standpoint based on light microscopy, cells of clonal lines with relatively few and short processes differ, however, from cells of primary cultures and their uncloned lines. Therefore, the cell morphology of these clones can be viewed upon as a form of adaptation to the in vitro conditions. It can be concluded that permanent cell lines with well-defined properties can be grown from experimental brain gliomas successfully established in culture and maintained in vitro.
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PMID:Selected morphological immunocytochemical and growth characteristics of three experimental rat gliomas and of their cells in vitro. 43 44

Utilizing the Krause exposure, we have operated on 21 cases of tumors of the pineal region encountering a wide variety of histology with an overall 30% incidence of benign lesions. There has been no significant morbidity in the post-operative management of these patients and one surgical death in a patient with a highly malignant glioma who developed a delayed hemorrhage into the tumor following the operation. In those tumors of recognized malignancy, post-operative radiotherapy has been utilized. In tumors of the germinoma, variety radiation of the entire neural axis is advocated. Since many of the patients have undergone radiotherapy prior to our exposure of the pineal tumor, we have had an opportunity to witness the effects of radiation on this region. In those cases of benign tumors we have found dense adhesions between the tumor and the brain, making definitive surgical treatment of the tumor more difficult.
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PMID:Supracerebellar-infratentorial approach to pineal tumors. 44 23

A case is presented in which the entire surgical procedure for a recurrent brain glioma was carried out on the computerized axial tomography (CAT) table. Repeated intra-operative CAT scans provided vital information as to the extent of the tumor. Using this method there was no remnant of tumor tissue detectable on the CAT scan at the end of the operation.
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PMID:Intra-operative computerized axial tomography. 44 30

The antitumor agent chloroethylcyclohexyl-nitrosourea (CCNU) was examined using a rat glioma model. A i.p. administration of three times 40 mg/kg CCNU was highly effective and increased the life-span of tumor-bearing rats from 53 to 86%. A total quantity of CCNU amounting to less than 30 mg/kg was not effective. On the other hand, large dosages exceeding LD10 proved to be toxic. The depression of platelets and white blood cells was mild after a single dosage of 40 mg/kg CCNU which recovered on about the 6th day. In the CCNU-treated animals there was an increase of the extent of necrobiosis. Ballooning of tumor cells with nuclear pyknoses and a lack of mitotic features occurred. Microcystic changes appeared sometimes to be more frequent than in control groups.
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PMID:Brain tumor chemotherapy using a rat glioma model. 46 98

A 3 1/2-year-old girl with a huge optic glioma was reported. On February 26, 1978, she was hospitalized for signs of increased intracranial pressure, namely headache, vomiting and consciousness disturbance. Before admission she did not complain of her visual disturbance. A huge mass lesion in the subfrontal-suprasellar region was found by neuroradiological examination. The operation was performed on March 7, 1978, and the tumor arising from the right optic nerve, about 170 grams in weight, was totally removed in piecemeals. Histopathological diagnosis was pilocytic astrocytoma. Immediately after operation diabetes insipidus and hypernatremia developed, but two months later these symptoms disappeared. Post-operative CT scan demonstrated no mass lesion in the subfrontal-suprasellar region. After radiation therapy, she was discharged with slight left hemiparesis on August 31, 1978. Though her right eye was blind, visual acuity remained 0.2 in the left eye. No other neurologic deficits could be found.
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PMID:[Giant optic glioma--case report (author's transl)]. 49 74

The sensitivity to local tumor hyperthermia (43 degrees, 60 min) of a spectrum of eight different solid mouse tumors (Lewis lung carcinoma, M5076 ovarian carcinoma, colon carcinoma 38, colon carcinoma 26, mammary adenocarcinoma C3HBA, mammary adenocarcinoma 16C, glioma 26, and B16 melanoma) was investigated. A microwave (2.45-GHz) apparatus produced localized heating of the tumors without generation of whole-body hyperthermia. The temperature at the center of the heated tumors was regulated to within +/- 0.1 degrees while the temperature uniformity within the tumor was +/- 0.5 degrees. The local hyperthermia treatments reduced the size and retarded the growth of the treated tumors compared with control values for each of the tumors tested. The faster-growing Lewis lung carcinoma and B16 melanoma were the least responsive to treatment, while the slower-growing colon 38 and M5076 ovarian carcinomas were the most responsive. Multiple treatments resulted in longer grwoth delays and greater tumor growth inhibition than did single treatments. No consistent difference in life span between the control and treated groups was measured, and only five of 188 treated animals were cured.
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PMID:Effects of local tumor hyperthermia on the growth of solid mouse tumors. 49 85

An anterior operative procedure using a strut of fibular graft material was performed either alone or in combination with a posterior stabilization in five patients with cervical spine instability secondary to neoplastic disease. Osseous tumor was present in four of the five patients (osteoblastoma, metastatic adrenal carcinoma, metastatic renal cell carcinoma, multiple myeloma) and the fifth had spine instability as a result of a posterior decompression for cervical spinal cord glioma. The anterior approach using fibula to replace diseased vertebrae and provide axial support for the neck was a valuable therapeutic modality in this group of patients, all of whom had a limited life expectancy. Cervical spine stability obtained by operative intervention led to a reduction of neck pain and maintenance of ambulation until the neoplastic condition became terminal.
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PMID:Anterior fibular strut graft in neoplastic disease of the cervical spine. 50 8

Anti-tumor activities of ACNU and X-irradiation on methylcholanthrene induced glioma in C57BL mice were studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments using cultured glioma cells (MGB cells), the synchronization of cell cycle was done by excess addition of thymidine, and the anti-tumor cell effect were investigated by mean of determinations of DNA synthesis, mitotic index and the number of the living cells following the treatments. As the results, it appeared obvious that ACNU was most effective on MGB cells in S phase and X-irradiation in M phase. As to the combined therapy of ACNU and X-irradiation, the anti-tumor effect was most remarkable when the cells were treated by X-irradiation in the G2, M phase, which were hervested by addition of ACNU 44 hours before irradiation. However simultaneous treatment of ACNU and X-irradiation on the cells in G1 phase was not so remarkable. In vivo experiments the anti-tumor effect of ACNU and X-irradiation on subcutaneously or intracranially transplanted glioma in mice was investigated. Either ACNU 10 mg/kg or local X-irradiation 1240 rads showed inhibitory effect on the tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of the tumor bearing mice. The combination therapy was more effective than ACNU or X-irradiation alone, particularly combination therapy of ACNU and repeated small doses irradiation of X-ray was remarkably effective. Evidence obtained indicates that the combination therapy of ACNU and X-irradiation have synnergistic anti-tumor effect on experimental mouse glioma.
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PMID:[The anti-tumor effect of ACNU and X-irradiation on mouse glioma (author's transl)]. 50 42

The composition of the free amino acid pools in various brain tumors and in normal brains obtained at surgery or at autopsy is determined with an automatic amino acid analyzer and the results statistically evaluated. The tumors have lower ratios of GABA in the pools than the normal brain; tumors with higher GABA ratios are found in those which are in close contact with and have an invasive nature to brain tissue. In gliomas, the more malignant a tumor becomes, the more different the composition in that tumor is from that in normal brain tissue. But conversely, the ratio of GABA is highest in glioblastoma. The composition of the pool in oligodendroglioma is not significantly different from that in the normal brain. Metastatic brain tumors show the highest ratios of phenylalanine, tyrosine and methionine in the pool among the tumors and the normal brain. From the viewpoint of the composition of the free amino acid pools, like from that of the histological aspects, brain tumors seem to be classified into four groups: glioma, neurinoma, meningioma and metastatic tumors.
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PMID:Composition of free amino acids in brain tumors. 54 90

The preoperative evaluation of a patient with a suspected optic nerve glioma has been enhanced by the use of recently developed techniques such as computerized tomography and ultrasonography, which enable evaluation of tumor configuration. Conventional radiographic studies with stereoscopic orbital foramen views, as well as tomography of the optic canal, are important and permit accurate measurement of canal size, shape, and margins. The glioma characteristically develops as an intradural, monolobular, fusiform enlargement of the orbital, canalicular, or chiasmal portion of the nerve. Enlargement may be produced by astrocytic proliferation within the nerve or within the perineural sheath, by arachnoid hyperplasia, intracellular mucosubstance production, or by vascular congestion. Each of these features will be described and discussed.
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PMID:Diagnostic modalities and natural behavior of optic nerve gliomas. 54 17


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