Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this paper, 374 cases of intracranial tumor were studied retrospectively. The incidence of glioma (45.6%) was the highest, next was meningioma (19%) and pituitary tumor (12.3%). Astrocytoma comprised 73.5% of glioma. 75% of medulloblastoma and 54% of ependymoma occurred under 20 years of age, whereas 71.8% of meningioma, 44% of astrocytoma and 47.4% of metastatic tumor occurred between 21 to 50. The ratio of male and female was 1.69:1 except 0.8:1 of meningioma. 73.8% of all the lesions was located above the tentorium of cerebellum, the rest under it. Ninety one cases were followed. The 5 year survival rate was 25.3% (23/91). According to Kernohan's classification, the authors believe that astrocytoma can be divided into four grades, which is of great use in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. The other gliomas are only divided into benign and malignant. The results of surgery are related to tumor type and differentiation. Pituitary adenoma, meningioma, neurilemmoma and astrocytoma grades I and II have a good result by operation, while medulloblastoma, astrocytoma grades III and IV and metastatic cancer have a higher mortality.
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PMID:[Clinicopathologic study of 374 cases of intracranial tumors]. 344 63

Case histories of 5 tumor patients treated with natural leukocyte interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) are presented. One patient with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis responded well to interferon treatment, but the disease recurred when therapy was withdrawn. Upon reinstitution of treatment, the patient once again responded well. Another patient with myelomatosis also responded well to interferon therapy and in this case, too, the tumor recurred when interferon treatment was withdrawn. Reinstitution of interferon therapy was, however, unsuccessful. One patient with generalized giant cell tumor of bone responded with regression after more than 5 years of interferon treatment. Another patient with pulmonary osteosarcoma metastases, having received irradiation and interferon combination therapy followed by sole interferon treatment, responded well with a lasting stationary radiogram after 6 years of interferon treatment. One patient with malignant glioma, showing signs of tumor growth during the first few months of interferon therapy, eventually responded, and became disease-free after 6 years. The latter 3 patients are continuously receiving interferon therapy although more than 5 years have elapsed since their interferon therapy was initiated. It is suggested that interferon therapy for malignant tumors be given for life (or to progression of disease) in responding patients. Such a concept entails biological implications for interferon therapy in general and for antitumor action of interferons in particular. Other possible clinical schedules should only be constructed within the framework of controlled clinical trials.
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PMID:Does successful interferon treatment of tumor patients require life-long treatment? 347 1

To investigate cell-mediated immune responses to central nervous system tumors, we immunohistochemically analyzed 32 operative specimens, including 19 primary tumors, 5 recurrent tumors, and 8 metastases, for the presence of infiltrating T lymphocytes. In 1 patient, an additional sample of normal brain was studied. Using monoclonal antibodies against T lymphocyte surface markers with a peroxidase technique on frozen sections, we determined that a mild lymphocytic response was present in 3 of 7 primary glial tumors, 1 of 4 recurrent glial tumors, and in 3 of 9 primary meningiomas. The predominant subset was Leu 2, or suppressor/cytotoxic. In contrast, 5 of 7 intracranial metastatic tumors and 1 extracranial metastasis showed marked infiltration with an overall Leu 3, or helper/inducer, predominance. The remainder of the specimens, including 1 recurrent meningioma, 3 neurinomas, and the normal brain sample, were free of infiltrates. Permanent sections revealed an overall pattern of lymphocytic infiltration similar to that of frozen sections. Although additional studies such as electron microscopy are required to establish definitively the lymphocytic nature of the infiltrates, these results support the concept of the ability of the body to mount a cell-mediated response against central nervous system tumors and imply a differential response to primary and secondary tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of infiltrating lymphocytes in central nervous system tumors. 348 16

The effects of 14AC1 monoclonal antibody (McAb) on 79FR-G-41 rat glioma cells in vitro, on the formation of metastases in lung by antibody coated glioma cells, and on the growth of glioma grafts in BALB/c-nu/nu mice were investigated. The 14AC1 antibodies - isotyped as IgG2a - were obtained from a hybridoma clone established after fusion of X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cells and spleen cells of BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with 79FR-G-41 glioma cells. Antibody treatment of glioma cells in vitro caused evident cell surface alterations and pronounced growth depression of most cells. However, a few tumor cells remained unchanged in morphology and continued to proliferate. Moreover, 14AC1 antibodies drastically reduced lung metastasis by pretreated and i.v. delivered glioma cells. Additionally, 14AC1 antibodies suppressed the growth of transplanted rat gliomas in nude mice as evidenced by a longer latency period and a smaller volume of glioma grafts in treated than in control tumor bearers. Nevertheless, glioma grafts showed accelerated growth after termination of antibody treatment. Further experimental investigation is required in order to identify the precise mechanisms of the effects of McAbs on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
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PMID:Growth inhibition of experimental glioma grafts by monoclonal antibody treatment. 377 19

8 cases were studied to determine whether immunohistochemical investigation with anti-GFAP could contribute to confirming a primary brain tumor origin for an extracranial metastasis. The materials studied consisted of 3 glioblastomas, 3 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 2 medulloblastomas, along with their extracranial metastases. GFAP could be immunohistochemically demonstrated in all 6 primary glial tumors as well as in the metastases of the 3 astrocytomas and of 2 glioblastomas. The medulloblastomas and their metastases were immunohistochemically GFAP-negative. GFAP is thus a marker for extracranial metastases of astrocytomas and glioblastomas. A negative result however does not exclude the possibility that a metastasis is of glial origin as shown by the GFAP-negative metastasis of the one glioblastoma.
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PMID:[Significance of immunohistochemistry in neuro-oncology. I. Demonstration of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in extracranial metastases from primary brain tumors]. 391 31

Scanning electron microscopy was employed to investigate cocultures between normal rat brain fragments and spheroids consisting of rat glioma cells. Lamellipodia were seen to arise from tumor cells at the border between the two structures and touch the surface of the fragment. Cytoplasmic extensions from malignant cells appeared to penetrate into the brain fragment. Leading lamellae were extended from the tumor cells as they migrated along the normal surface and gradually covered the fragment. Tumor cells formed broad foot-plates against the normal surface. No alterations of the brain fragment were observed ahead of the tumor cells. Thus there were specific changes of the surface microarchitecture of the malignant cells, but not of the normal brain tissue.
Invasion Metastasis 1985
PMID:Interaction between glioma cells and normal brain tissue in organ culture studied by scanning electron microscopy. 403 Feb 44

The authors report a case of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, in which multiple bone metastases developed about 6 years after the first craniotomy. A 32-year-old woman was admitted because of an apathetic state. CT scan and angiography suggested right frontal glioma. On August 15, 1977, a right frontal lobectomy was performed and histological sections showed anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged after chemoradiotherapy. In January, 1982, CT scan suggested recurrence of the right frontal tumor. On February 8, 1982, the second craniotomy was performed and this time, local radiation therapy by the afterloading technique (192Ir seed assembly) was given after the operation. In March, 1983, she began to complain of low back pains and multiple bone metastases were found by bone X-Ps and scintigrams. Biopsy of bone metastases was performed and at the same time, the whole body was surveyed for malignant tumors. But no primary cancer other than the right frontal brain tumor was found. In spite of therapy such as IFN, her condition gradually deteriorated and she died in December, 1983. Histological bone biopsy sections showed anaplastic oligodendroglioma much like the histology of the first operation. As the progress of curative means has increased, so has also the number of long-time survivors of malignant brain tumors. And in proportion to the increase in long-time survivors, cases of extracranial metastases may also increase. The etiology, diagnosis and therapy of extracranial metastases from the literature was also studied.
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PMID:[Diffuse bone marrow metastasis of an anaplastic oligodendroglioma]. 405 67

The case of a 7-year-old girl with a cerebellar glioblastoma and extraneural metastases has been presented. The dura mater was left open at the time of tumor resection. Postoperative hydrocephalus caused prolonged bulging of the incision. We believe that an open dura mater facilitates continuous exposure of extrameningeal tissue to glioma cells that are capable of invading local lymphatics and extracerebral veins, enhancing the probability of widespread dissemination. We suggest that every effort should be made to close the posterior fossa dura mater after resection of a malignant tumor.
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PMID:Extraneural metastasis of cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme. 628 98

Six patients with multifocal glioma are presented. Computerized tomography revealed multiple, discrete, contrast-enhancing lesions in the cerebral hemispheres, suggestive of multiple intracranial metastases. The most accessible lesion was resected at craniotomy in each patient, confirming the diagnosis of primary malignant glioma. Postoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy were instituted according to current protocols. Since neuroradiological studies may not allow distinction of multifocal glioma from multiple brain metastases, surgical biopsy is suggested in those patients who have no history of cancer.
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PMID:Computerized tomography findings in multifocal glioma. 628 Apr 51

In a series of 26 consecutive autopsy cases of intracranial tumors of neuroectodermal origin, tumor seeding on the ventricular surface and in the subarachnoid space was studied. Five cases of glioblastoma multiforme, six of malignant astrocytoma, six of medulloblastoma, one mixed glioblastoma-fibrosarcoma, one unclassified glioma, and one ependymoma showed ventricular and/or subarachnoid seeding of tumor. The incidence of tumor seeding in our series (76.9%) is much higher than in other series. This discrepancy is probably due to the inclusion of a large number of very small tumor metastases that may have been overlooked in other series. In all cases where metastases were observed the primary tumor extended into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Tumor seeding via the cerebrospinal pathway was more frequently associated with malignant tumors. The distribution of tumor metastases correlated with CSF flow and with the site of focal ependymal defects, which were present in normal brains but occurred more frequently and widely in hydrocephalus.
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PMID:Ventricular and subarachnoid seeding of intracranial tumors of neuroectodermal origin--a study of 26 consecutive autopsy cases with reference to focal ependymal defect. 630 22


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