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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of histoautoradiographic and immunohistochemical studies of biopsy specimens of 15 brain tumours are reported. The specimens were labeled with 3H-thymidine using an in vitro technique. Meningiomas, oligodendrogliomas and well differentiated astrocytomas showed a median S-phase fraction of about 1%. In contrast, the labeling indices of 4 from 7 anaplastic astrocytomas were higher (2.1, 3.0, 3.5, 11.4). With increasing degree of malignancy the proliferative heterogeneity of the tumours increases. In every glioma varying amounts of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected immunohistochemically (PAP technique). In 3 high-grade gliomas (2 glioblastomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma) an inverse relation of the investigated parameters (high S-phase fraction, low GFAP expression) was found. An exact prediction on biological behaviour of an individual tumour by GFAP detection immunohistochemically is not possible, because a high GFAP content can be detected also in some malignant tumours. However, the 3H-thymidine labeling indices of viable parts of the tumours, probably reflecting the growth fraction seem to be clinically important parameters, especially in respect to the prognosis.
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PMID:[Cell proliferation and glial fibrillary acidic protein in brain tumors]. 309 35

A case of anaplastic astrocytoma associated with pituitary adenoma is reported. The patient was a 33-year-old male, who was admitted with complaints of sensory aphasia, slight left motor paresis, and visual field defects. Neurological examination disclosed sensory and motor aphasia, Gerstmann's syndrome, slight left motor paresis, right homonymous hemianopsia, and bilateral choked discs. Computed tomography revealed a low density mass lesion with slight enhancement in the left temporal region and a ring-like enhanced mass lesion in the suprasellar region. In MRI, both the left temporal and the suprasellar lesions are depicted as low signal intensity areas in T1 weighted imaging, but as high signal intensity areas in T2 weighted imaging. Craniotomy was performed and both tumors were almost totally removed. The tumor in the left temporal region was diagnosed as anaplastic astrocytoma and the other in the suprasellar region was diagnosed as chromophobe adenoma. Multiple primary intracranial tumors of different cell types are rare. About a hundred cases can be found in medical literature. More than two thirds of them are cases of glioma associated with meningioma, but other combinations of tumors are extremely rare. We now report this case of astrocytoma associated with pituitary adenoma. In the literature, there are only 5 cases of similar combination. It is believed that astrocytoma and pituitary adenoma are histologically different. In three of five reported cases, the tumors were in close proximity to each other, but it is doubtful that their close proximity was related to the fact that they developed concurrently.
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PMID:[A case of anaplastic astrocytoma associated with pituitary adenoma]. 322 1

Anatomical variations of the posterosuperior dural venous sinuses and, in particular, the absence or hypoplasia of one of them has been described in several studies. However, no recent detailed analysis on the subject exists. Cerebral venous thrombosis is quite often evoked, although rarely confirmed, when the physician is faced with patients having various neurological problems. In fact, for a number of cases the image interpreted as thrombosis is nothing but the total or partial absence of a dural sinus. It was considered of interest to undertake an anatomical study in order to define these variations. The results of anatomoradiological investigations of 70 fresh cadavers were compared to those obtained by angiographic examination of 100 patients not suffering from any kind of venous pathology (patients explored angiographically for glioma, meningioma or aneurysm). Our conclusions and a review of the embryology literature enabled us to demonstrate that a number of radiological findings, quite often considered pathognomonic of venous thrombosis (i.e. 'delta sign'), are in fact the result of anatomical variations.
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PMID:Cerebral venous sinuses: anatomical variants or thrombosis? 322 93

Using light microscopy and immunoperoxidase methods (PAP), the presence of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (API) was studied in seventeen brain tumors and four normal brain samples. The brain tumors included four glioblastomas, five low-grade gliomas, two metastatic lung carcinomas, two acoustic schwannomas, and four meningiomas. Normal brain displayed a finely granular intracytoplasmic staining confined to neuronal cells. Glial cells were negative for API. Fifteen of the 17 brain tumors were positive for API. Only two of five low-grade gliomas were negative for API. Glioblastoma and metastatic tumors exhibited the strongest positivity followed by acoustic neuroma, meningioma, and low-grade glioma. All positive samples exhibited finely granular intracytoplasmic API, and 50% exhibited extracellular API positivity. Metastatic and glioblastoma tumors demonstrated prominent extracellular API staining. Our results support the concept of a local production of API by brain tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical demonstration of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor in brain tumors. 329 99

This study documents the results of standardized A-scan examinations performed in 59 cases of optic nerve lesions (15 perioptic meningiomas, four gliomas, 15 acute neuritides, ten optic atrophies, five ischemic optic neuropathies, five acute central retinal vein occlusions, five traumatic optic neuropathies), as compared with 73 normal optic nerves. Analysis included the assessment of reflectivity (spike height) and nerve width (maximal diameter) with the patient fixating in primary gaze and 30 degrees of eccentric gaze; measurements were obtained from the anterior one third and posterior one third of the optic nerves. Increased nerve diameters could be distinguished as noncompressible (a negative 30 degrees test) when due to tumor, or compressible (a positive 30 degrees test) when due to increased subarachnoid fluid, as exemplified by inflammatory optic neuritis or traumatic neuropathy. Moreover, reflectivity patterns regularly differentiated meningioma (medium reflectivity) from optic glioma (low reflectivity). Neither ischemic neuropathy nor vein occlusion altered optic nerve diameter. These results indicate that echographically defined optic nerve diameter, compressibility in eccentric gaze, and reflectivity patterns can be used to effectively distinguish among causes of chronic optic atrophy (tumor vs remote neuropathy) and disc edema (tumor vs neuritis vs ischemic neuropathy).
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PMID:Standardized A-scan echography in optic nerve disease. 330 21

The most common forms of brain tumor in the elderly are metastasis, glioma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, and acoustic neuroma. They produce a variety of neurologic symptoms and usually can be readily diagnosed by CT scan. Most of the tumors can be effectively treated with some combination of corticosteroids, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The prognosis of a patient with a brain tumor depends on the tumor's histology, its location, and the patient's ability to tolerate therapy. Early diagnosis is important for successful treatment.
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PMID:Primary intracranial neoplasms in the elderly. 331 67

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been applied to the diagnosis of brain tumors very widely and MRI is now replacing computed tomography (CT). One of the most important advantages of MRI is influence of multiple tissue and machine parameters on the signal intensities. In addition, capability of imaging in various planes and multislices is another advantage for the brain tumor diagnosis. The coronal image is important when the abnormal side can be compared with the normal side and midline lesions can be easily diagnosed with sagittal imaging. Transverse imaging is important when comparison is made with CT. Many brain tumors show increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images and decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images. The difference of signal intensity in various brain tumors including glioma, meningioma and other important tumors are discussed. MRI is superior to CT in many brain tumors, but poor delineation of calcification and hemorrhage is a disadvantage of MRI.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance imaging of brain tumors]. 331 1

A series of 63 patients with optic nerve meningioma or glioma is presented. The authors discuss the similarities and differences in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of these two neoplasms of the optic nerve.
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PMID:The management of optic nerve meningiomas and gliomas. 337 83

In theory, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells offer a potential method to treat cerebral gliomas, especially low-grade gliomas. LAK cells would be administered by repeated injections straight into the cavity of a subtotally removed tumour. However, brain-tumour cyst fluid has been shown to be immunosuppressive in lymphocyte stimulation tests. Therefore we wanted to know whether the fluid would reduce the killing efficacy of LAK cells. Using a standard cytotoxity test based on 51Cr release, we compared in vitro the cytotoxity of LAK cells against K-562 tumour cells in brain-tumour cyst fluid, autologous serum and allogeneic serum. Five patients with cystic glioma and one with cystic meningioma were studied and no inhibition of cytotoxity of LAK cells was observed.
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PMID:Cyst fluid of glioma does not inhibit the killing action of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells in vitro. 339 50

A 38 year-old woman treated for breast cancer had 10 months later a cerebral tumor diagnosed as a frontal metastasis. Neurosurgical operation showed a meningioma and a malignant glioma. Although exceptional, such an association, is probably not due to chance.
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PMID:[Triple tumor association: breast cancer, meningioma and glioblastoma]. 343 47


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