Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glutathione (GSH) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays an important role in the protection of cells against damage from free radicals and also influences cytotoxicity to some kinds of chemotherapeutic agents. GST comprises a group of abundant and widely distributed catalytic and binding proteins that facilitate the conjugation of GSH with the electrophilic center of a large spectrum of hydrophilic molecules. Multiple GST isozymes in mammalian tissues arise from dimeric combination of a number of distinct subunits grouped into three major classes: alpha (alpha), mu (mu), and pi (p). We report the total GST, GST-p activity and GSH content of human brain tumors, C6 rat glioma cells and drug resistant C6 cells. The values of total GST activity in 42 normal brain and brain tumors were quantitatively analyzed. Total GST activity was 92.6 +/- 25.1 units (mean +/- standard deviation) in 8 samples of normal brain tissues, 126 +/- 58.8 units in five grade II or III astrocytomas (154 +/- 63.3 units in grade II astrocytomas, 84.4 +/- 2.7 units in 2 grade III astrocytoma), 66.2 +/- 29.3 in 5 glioblastoma cases, 94.7 +/- 47.7 units in 3 metastatic tumors, 302 +/- 114 unit in 8 meningiomas and 213 +/- 90.4 units in 3 neurinomas. Differences of GST activity between glioblastomas and meningiomas, grade II or III astrocytomas and meningioma, in normal brain tissues and meningioma were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The difference between normal brain tissues and benign tumors (meningiomas and neurinomas), gliomas and benign tumors were also statistically significant (p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Quantitative analysis of glutathione and glutathione S-transferase in human brain tumors, C6 rat glioma cells and drug resistant C6 cells]. 140 41

The ganglioside composition of 15 cases of meningioma, 15 cases of astrocytoma, 5 cases of neurinoma, 4 cases of ependymoma, 3 cases of metastatic brain tumor and 1 case each of mixed glioma, oligodendroglioma, medulloblastoma, embryonal carcinoma, and cultured glioma cell line were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. The GM2, GD3, and GD2 content of the tumors was determined using specific monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Cases were grouped according to the difference in ganglioside pattern and various clinical features. In meningiomas and astrocytomas, GM3 and GD3 were the major gangliosides. The tumor content of the rather simple gangliosides (GM3, GM2, GD3, GD2) increased or was almost equal to that of normal tissue (leptomeninges tissue in the case of meningiomas, and brain tissue in the case of astrocytomas), while the tumor content of complex gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GT1a, GT1b) decreased as compared with normal tissue. The GM3 content of meningiomas increased in middle-aged patients, who comprised the majority of the patients with these tumors. The GD2 content decreased in middle-aged patients with initial symptoms of meningioma within a year. The GM3 content of astrocytomas decreased in patients who underwent radiotherapy. The amount of GM3 and GD3 increased in small tumors. GM3 may be related to the early proliferative stage. The ganglioside patterns of brain tumors are shown in this study to differ according to clinical features and also to be changeable in their clinical courses.
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PMID:Ganglioside composition and its relation to clinical data in brain tumors. 140 35

Meningiomas have been reported following radiation of the head, usually with a long latent interval between exposure and the diagnosis of the new tumor. We report a benign meningioma resected approximately 3 1/2 years after radiation therapy for a glioma, which represents an unusually short latent interval between radiation and new tumor growth.
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PMID:Benign meningioma with a short latency period following irradiation. 144 Feb 12

A population-based case-control study of incident primary brain tumors in adults was carried out in Adelaide, Australia in the period 1987 through 1990. It included 110 subjects with newly diagnosed primary glioma, 60 subjects with meningioma and 417 controls selected from the Australian Electoral Roll and frequency-matched to cases for age (within 2 years), sex and postal code. Some interesting new associations were found: (1) an increased risk of glioma in women who reported working with cathode-ray tubes (relative risk = 4.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-13.2); (2) a decreased risk of glioma in those with a history of allergic diseases (relative risk = 0.5, 95% confidence interval: 0.3-0.9); and (3) an increased risk of meningioma in those exposed to passive smoking from a spouse, especially amongst females (relative risk = 2.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-6.1). A pooled analysis of the multi-center group of studies to which the present study belongs should allow more confident claims concerning risk factors for brain tumors.
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PMID:Risk factors for tumors of the brain and meninges: results from the Adelaide Adult Brain Tumor Study. 156 40

The authors report their experience of CT and MRI imaging in the study of suprasellar pathologies. The problems concerning the differential diagnosis between meningioma developed in the suprasellar region and pituitary tumour with suprasellar extension are discussed and illustrated; the demonstration of bone abnormalities (blistering, hyperostosis) is particularly useful for the diagnosis of presellar meningioma. The CT and MRI features of craniopharyngioma are compared; CT, of course, is more reliable than MRI in detecting calcifications; with both methods it may be difficult to visualize the cystic components. Glioma of the chiasma is readily diagnosed by MRI, provided the tumour is not too large. Non-thrombosed suprasellar aneurysms have typical features at CT and MRI. Cystic lesions are easily identified by MRI. The CT and MRI images of inflammatory lesions are not very typical.
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PMID:CT and MRI of suprasellar lesions. 156 27

Three patients with cystic meningioma are reported. The computed tomographic scans or magnetic resonance images of these tumors resembled those of a glial or metastatic tumor with cystic or necrotic changes. There is no definitive method for preoperatively differentiating cystic meningiomas from the more common malignant glioma. Angiographic evaluation and collaboration with a neuropathologist are important for the recognition of these potentially curable neoplasms.
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PMID:Cystic meningioma: report of three patients. 161

Northern blot analysis showed transcripts of two types of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor genes, flg and bek, in almost all the tissues samples of 18 human gliomas and 22 human meningiomas, which produced abundant basic and/or acidic FGF. From immunohistochemistry, FGF receptors were expressed in the tumor cells of a glioma and a meningioma. RNA expression of these FGF receptors was also detectable in normal human brains and normal bovine meninges. The expression level of either FGF receptor gene was not significantly different between tumor tissues and normal tissues.
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PMID:Gene expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors in the tissues of human gliomas and meningiomas. 164 53

The authors present two cases of a rare coexistence of cerebral meningioma and glioma. In one case meningioma was situated closely to malignant glioma. In the second case in a patient operated on for cerebral glioma a meningioma was removed 20 years later. The meningioma was situated far from the first tumour.
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PMID:[2 cases of coexistence of meningioma and glioma]. 166 Jan 11

G-banded chromosomal analysis was performed on primary cultures of 22 intracranial tumors, including eight astrocytomas, nine meningiomas, two dermoid cysts, one acoustic neuroma, one pineal teratoma and one eosinophilic granuloma. One or more chromosomally abnormal clones were observed in 6 (75%) gliomas and 5 (56%) meningiomas. There was no chromosomal abnormality found in one of the dermoid cysts, the acoustic neuroma or the eosinophilic granuloma. A teratoma and a grade IV glioma had heterogeneous hyperdiploid karyotypes. Furthermore, astrocytomas displayed nonrandom loss of chromosomes #19, #21, #22 and Y. In meningiomas, characteristic changes involving chromosome 22 were found in 5 tumors. One meningioma had a ring chromosome in addition to chromosomal loss. With our culture and harvesting techniques, cytogenetic studies can be successfully performed on nearly all intracranial tumor explants, including those derived from small biopsy specimens. Also, in our study, specific nonrandom chromosomal anomalies were found.
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PMID:Cytogenetic study of twenty-two intracranial tumors. 168 Sep 91

The monoclonal antibody (mAb) Ki-67 is a marker for the growth fraction (GF) of tumor cells. The exact relationship between the Ki-67 labeling index (LI) and the conventional diagnostic criterion of the proliferative activity of brain tumors, the mitotic index (MI), is unknown except for some general references. On serial frozen sections Ki-67 LI and MI were determined in nearly identical areas of 32 glioblastomas, 20 grade III astrocytomas, 21 grade II astrocytomas and 20 selected cases of meningioma. The data not only clearly showed different median values of LI and MI for the various malignancy grades, but also similar regression coefficients for each glioma type. A non-linear relationship between the two indices was found for all glioma cases with high significance and high correlation coefficient; (LI) = 5.6 (MI)0.59. This results from differing intermitotic cycle times, the variability of which can be estimated from the data given.
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PMID:The relationship between Ki-67 labeling and mitotic index in gliomas and meningiomas: demonstration of the variability of the intermitotic cycle time. 176 33


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