Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most common ocular and orbital tumors presenting in infancy, childhood and adolescence are presented and discussed in this review. It has been prepared specifically for the clinical pediatrician and focuses on the clinical recognition of ophthalmic neoplasms, their diagnostic evaluation employing the use of advanced imaging techniques, biopsy when indicated and extent of disease workup. In addition, current treatment modalities are discussed. Ocular tumors addressed include: retinoblastoma, capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, dermoid and epidermoid cysts, teratoma, glioma, astrocytic hamartoma, neurofibroma, rhabdomyosarcoma and fibrous tumors. Two aggressive and potentially fatal tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma and retinoblastoma, are presented in detail. In addition, the ocular tumors associated with the phakomatoses (von Hippel-Lindau, tuberous sclerosis and neurofibromatosis) are reviewed.
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PMID:Ophthalmic neoplasms in infancy and childhood. 219 81

Transfrontal approach is the way available for microsurgical removal of retrobulbar tumor. The tumor can be completely extirpated with minimal injury upon the optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, ciliary ganglion and ophthalmic vessels as well as ocular muscles. Thirty-two cases of retrobulbar tumor (cavernous hemangioma, telangioma, glioma, lymphangioma, neurinoma, neurofibroma and rhabdomyosarcoma) were operated through this approach with microsurgical techniques. Follow-up shows that in all cases no recurrence occurs in 3-9 years and reveals that in 29 cases the preservation or functional recovery of vision and ocular movement are satisfied. One case of rhadomyosarcoma and two cases of glioma lose their vision for the partial resection of optic nerve which was invaded by the tumor. It is useful to detect undesirable dissection of tumors from its surrounding oculomotor nerves with evoked potential monitoring.
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PMID:[Transfrontal approach for the microsurgery of retrobulbar tumor]. 774 23

Facial swelling is a common clinical problem in pediatric patients. The causes of swelling are diverse, and knowledge of the typical clinical and imaging manifestations and the most common sites of occurrence of these conditions is needed to formulate a differential diagnosis. The general clinical manifestations may be classified into the following four groups: (a) acute swelling with inflammation, (b) nonprogressive swelling, (c) slowly progressive swelling, and (d) rapidly progressive swelling. Conditions that may account for acute swelling accompanied by inflammation include lymphadenitis, sinusitis, odontogenic infection, and abscess. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is the modality of choice for detection of abscesses requiring surgical drainage. Nonprogressive midfacial swelling is suggestive of a congenital anomaly (eg, a cephalocele, nasal glioma, or nasal dermoid or epidermoid cyst). Slowly progressive swelling may indicate the presence of a neurofibroma, hemangioma, lymphangioma, vascular malformation, or pseudocyst, or of fibrous dysplasia. The differential diagnosis for rapidly progressive facial swelling in association with cranial nerve deficits should include rhabdomyosarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Ewing sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and metastatic neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Causes of facial swelling in pediatric patients: correlation of clinical and radiologic findings. 1641 50

A wide variety of space occupying lesions may be encountered in the orbit. CT and MR imaging frequently help confirm the presence of a mass and define its extent. Characteristic imaging features may help distinguish among lesions that have overlapping clinical presentations. This review focuses on some of the common orbital masses. Common vascular lesions that are reviewed include: capillary (infantile) hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma (solitary encapsulated venous-lymphatic malformation), and lymphangioma (venous-lymphatic malformation). Benign tumors that are reviewed include: optic nerve sheath meningioma, schwannoma, and neurofibroma. Malignancies that are reviewed include: lymphoma, metastasis, rhabdomyosarcoma, and optic glioma. Key imaging features that guide radiological diagnosis are discussed and illustrated.
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PMID:Orbital masses: CT and MRI of common vascular lesions, benign tumors, and malignancies. 2396 Oct 22