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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reviews the clinical findings, pituitary gonadotrophin reserve and plasma oestradiol, neurological findings and pelvic ultrasound appearance in 47 girls with precocious puberty starting before the age of 7 years. Of the 39 girls who had air encephalograms or cranial CT scans, 19 showed intracranial abnormalities (hamartomas 11; hydrocephalus 5; optic glioma 2; arachnoid cyst 1). There was no significant difference in the peak serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to intravenous gonadotrophin stimulating hormone in girls with and without intracranial lesions. Pelvic ultrasound examination showed development of the ovaries, uterus, and vagina similar to that seen in normal puberty. Treatment with cyproterone acetate (50-100 mg/day) in 26 girls resulted in arrest of breast development and suppression of menstruation, but a definite effect on growth was not documented.
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PMID:Isosexual precocious puberty in girls. 293 58

This is the first report of extraneural metastasis of malignant glioma through V-P shunt tube and growth in peritoneal cavity as ascitic form. The patient was a 43-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital with occipital headache. CT scan showed enhanced cystic tumor mass at left temporal lobe. Craniotomy and partial excision of the tumor was done and the histology of tumor tissue showed a malignant astrocytoma. Following this treatment, the patient received the adjuvant therapies of radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy with interferon, and also recraniotomy three times. In the mean time, a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was set up for internal hydrocephalus. One month later, abdominal bulging appeared and yellowish ascites could be obtained with peritoneal tap. In the ascite, tumor cells with glial fibrillary acidic protein were observed at the concentration of 5-10 x 10(4) cells/ml. The patient died three months after extraneural metastasis to the abdominal cavity as ascitic form. At autopsy, solid metastatic mass lesion was not found in extraneural region include abdomen.
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PMID:[Extraneural metastasis of malignant glioma through a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt: growth in peritoneal cavity as ascitic form]. 299 92

A man of 25 with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis (VR) developed nasal polyps. Subarachnoid haemorrhage occurred shortly after surgical excision and he died 9 weeks later. Post-mortem examination showed chronic hydrocephalus due to aqueduct stenosis. Histologically the polyps were a nasal glioma, a forme fruste of anterior encephalocoele not previously associated with VR, though other cranial defects are well recognized. Nasal glioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nasal lesions in VR.
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PMID:A case of nasal glioma and neurofibromatosis. A new association. 310 32

In a retrospective review of 85 patients younger than 18 years of age with a diagnosis of brainstem glioma treated between 1974 and 1987, seven (8.3%) initially had hydrocephalus and no evidence of tumor on CT scans. Intrinsic brain tumors, six in the pons and one in the diencephalon, were discovered later, either on follow-up CT scans or on magnetic resonance images obtained despite persistently normal CT scan findings. The initial radiologic study of choice for children and adolescents with hydrocephalus should be magnetic resonance imaging, including axial and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted images. If a CT scan is obtained first and hydrocephalus but not tumor is found, magnetic resonance image should be obtained to rule out the possible presence of an intrinsic brainstem tumor.
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PMID:Symptomatic hydrocephalus: initial findings in brainstem gliomas not detected on computed tomographic scans. 318 52

Normal pressure hydrocephalus is frequently emphasised as a cause of reversible dementia, but is seldom encountered. Over a 2 year period, 5 patients presented with cognitive decline, and gait disturbance, with or without incontinence. CT head examination revealed hydrocephalus. Although none had symptoms of raised intracranial pressure on initial presentation, there were clinical or CT signs of raised intracranial pressure in 4 of the 5. Underlying pathologies were meningeal lymphocytic lymphoma, idiopathic meningeal fibrosis, periaqueductal glioma, basilar aneurysm and basilar invagination. All patients responded to the insertion of a shunt. Over the same period, only 1 patient was shunted for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, without improvement. We challenge the concept of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus as a cause of cognitive deterioration.
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PMID:Dementia, gait disturbance, incontinence and hydrocephalus. 326 84

Extensive surgical resection of supratentorial gliomas increases survival. However, some reports suggest that the perioperative morbidity and mortality outweigh the potential benefit of the procedure. We examined prospectively morbidity and mortality in 104 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for supratentorial glioma, as well as other factors that might affect the short-term outcome. To determine if our experience was unusual, we compared these results with those obtained from another academic neurosurgical center by a review of the records of 109 patients also treated surgically for supratentorial glioma. Mortality was 3.3% and the medical plus neurologic morbidity was 31.7%. Functionally significant neurologic worsening occurred in 42 (19.7%) patients. Complications were more frequent in patients with moderate or severe preoperative disabilities than those with mild or no preoperative disability. Patients with complete resection had fewer acute neurologic complications, and no greater risk of being neurologically impaired at 1 week, than patients with biopsy or less extensive procedures. Morbidity and mortality correlated with location: deep-midline lesions had a higher overall rate of perioperative complications (p = 0.032) and mortality (p = 0.019) and bilateral lesions a higher rate of hemorrhage (p = 0.017) and hydrocephalus (p = 0.010). Older patients (greater than 55 years) and those receiving high daily dose of preoperative dexamethasone (greater than or equal to 24 mg) had a significantly higher risk of surgical mortality. Reoperation for recurrent tumor carried no greater risk of mortality, neurologic deterioration, and infection than a first operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Morbidity and mortality of craniotomy for excision of supratentorial gliomas. 341 85

10 patients in whom an early post operative alteration of the level of consciousness or of the neurological status could be related to a tension pneumocephalus are reviewed. Four underwent a surgical procedure in the sitting position. Among these, 2 had been previously shunted for hydrocephalus. A 5th patient underwent a IIId ventriculocisternostomy for tumorous occlusion of the aqueduct. The other five patients were involved with supra-tentorial conditions (hemispheric glioma: 1 case, meningioma: 1 case, chronic subdural hematoma: 3 cases). The post-operative deterioration clinically suggested a post operative hematoma. CT showed a very low density effusion either located in the operative area or in the subdural space or both, with significant mass effect. 9 patients steadily improved after conservative therapy. In 1 case, reoperation was required. Pathogenesis of symptomatic pneumocephalus remains controversial. The role of the sitting position and of CSF drainage seem likely. Spontaneous or nitrous oxide induced expansion of post-operative residual intra cranial air plays a debatable role. It is postulated that tension pneumocephalus may result from a discrepancy between spontaneous reexpansion of the cerebral mass and a residual air collection. Such complications are regarded as serious enough to justify several preventive measures.
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PMID:[Intracranial pneumocephalus under pressure. A possible cause of postoperative deterioration in neurosurgery. 10 cases]. 361 96

The authors report a new experimental model for the study of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was produced in C57 black mouse by transplanting human glioma cultured cells. 20% of the animals developed hydrocephalus while the incidence of spontaneous hydrocephalus is only 1%. The transplanted cells disappeared within 72 hours. The mouse developed progressive hydrocephalus. There was no evidence of blockage of CSF pathways. The only abnormal microscopic finding was a scattered collection of lymphoid cells in some of the animals, which may be a hypersensitivity reaction to the cells. A similarly hypersensitive reaction to the foreign maternal protein which may enter the foetal circulation is suggested as the cause of hydrocephalus in some of the cases of congenital hydrocephalus.
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PMID:An experimental model of communicating hydrocephalus in C57 black mouse. 363 Jul 81

We tried to prove the usefulness of CCT as an index of cerebral functions. CCT, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CT scan findings were studied in 213 neurological patients with CVD (66 cases), cerebral tumors (66 cases) and head traumas (81 cases). The technique of CCT recording was modified from that of Jones (1977) using CADWELL 5200 system. CCT was defined as the difference of the peak latency between N13 recorded at the C-7 vertebral electrode and N20 recorded at the somatosensory cortex. The control CCT in normal volunteers (N = 20) was 5.7 +/- 0.4 msec. RCBF was measured with 133 Xe intra carotid injection method of Lassen & Ingvar using gammacamera (DEC GAMM 11/34). CCT tended significantly to become more prolonged in affected hemisphere than in unaffected hemisphere of patients with three groups (CVD, tumor and trauma) (p less than 0.01). Forty percent reduction of control rCBF caused a prolongation of CCT over 7 msec. The degrees of CCT prolongations appeared to be proportional to the degree of rCBF diminution. Prolongation of CCT was remarkable in the side of low density area on CT scan. The prolongation of CCT were revealed in the patients before they did not manifest their neurological deficits especially in the disease of metastatic tumors and glioma. In the case of patients with trauma who we could follow to measure rCBF, CCT tended to become shorten as rCBF increased till normal range. CCT was not significantly prolonged in congenital hydrocephalus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical application of the central somatosensory conduction time (CCT)]. 369 75

26 children with gliomas of the visual pathway and hypothalamus were seen during 5 years. 4 of them had intraorbital tumors, in 22 children tumors were localized in the chiasmal/hypothalamic regions. In 25 patients the tumors were surgically explored. All 4 intraorbital gliomas were radically removed using a transcranial approach. Exploration without biopsy was performed 7 times, exploration plus limited biopsy in 3 cases. In the remaining 11 operated children partial or subtotal removal of the tumor was possible. One of the 18 histologically verified tumors was an anaplastic glioma, the others were typical pilocytic astrocytomas. 12 children had hydrocephalus. 7 patients died, 19 are still alive. The operative mortality was 4 out of our 25 operated cases (16%). All of these patients had large tumors with posterior spread into the hypothalamus. In future, surgery in these children should be confined to exploration and limited biopsy followed by radiotherapy. We advocate exploration and biopsy in all chiasma/hypothalamic tumors. The growth potential of these tumors is individually variable. We recommend to follow-up all patients at 3 months' intervals by means of visual evoked potentials, visual acuity, fundoscopy and visual field testing. CT scans and X-rays of the optic canals should be performed once a year. Surgery should only be considered if clinical and/or neuroradiological progression has been documented.
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PMID:Gliomas of visual pathways and hypothalamus in children--a preliminary report. 386 50


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