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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Before extinction of an epileptogenic focus exclusion of an intracranial tumor or an angioma by EEG, isotope and contrast medium diagnosis must be attempted. A case history is presented of a patient in whom a malignant glioma was discovered 5 years after stereotactic treatment for epilepsy.
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PMID:Surprise finding 5 years after stereotactic amygdalotomy. 36

Only a few cases of angiographically demonstrated and pathologically proved cases of venous angiomas have been published. In contrast to the scarcity of recorded cases of angiographically studied venous angiomas, they are the most common incidentally encountered angiomatous lesions at autopsy. Their angiographic characterization, though highly suggestive, is not pathognomonic. The angiographic characteristics include small radiating veins that drain into a larger transcerebral vein that in turn empties into a dural sinus; blush and early draining veins also may be seen. The differential diagnosis includes telangiectasia, infiltrating glioma, and probably a cavernous angioma. We report an angiographically demonstrated and pathologically proved case of a venous angioma and also review the literature.
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PMID:Intracerebral venous angioma. Case report and review. 64 86

A 57-year-old man had a clinically suspected malignant melanoma in his left eye. On microscopic study, the enucleated eye harbored an unusual choroidal tumor that had extended extraocularly. This tumor had been variously interpreted microscopically as an angiosarcoma, an atpical angioma, a glioma, or a neurilemoma. Electron microscopic examination of deparaffinized tissue established the smooth muscle nature of the tumor cells as well as the presence of numerous pericytes associated with conspicuous vascular channels. This unique myogenous tumor of the choroid probably had a vascular origin.
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PMID:Choroidal leiomyoma of vascular origin. 94 70

The cerebral sequential scintigraphy enables a process to be described according to its hemodynamics (Stage I), its degree of vascularization (Stage II), and the extent of the localized disturbance of the blood-brain barrier function (Stage III). For a given lesion, typical scintigraphic behaviour patterns can be described. This report presents the results of a prospective series with 1722 patients examined using this method. The accuracy of the different scintigraphic diagnoses, according to tumor type, was: cerebrovascular accident with brain infarction - 92% (= CVA), metastasis - 90%, bone or meningital process - 89%, malignant glioma - 91%, meningioma - 74%, highly differentiated glioma - 67%, chronic subdural hematoma - 54%, A-V angioma - 54%, brain abscess - 45%. The differential diagnosis between brain tumor and CVA with infarction was possible in approximately 97% of the patients, the differential diagnosis of intracranial space-occupying lesion versus CVA with infarction in approximately 95%. There were 14 false positive results recorded (0.8% of the 1722 patients).
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PMID:[Reliability of positive findings in serial cerebral scintigraphy. Evaluation of a prospective series of 1700 cases]. 117 13

The consultants agreed that the differential diagnosis should focus on congenital masses, including an encephalocele, glioma, dermoid, hamartoma, hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neurofibroma, and nasolacrimal duct cyst. There was some disagreement as to which is the best way to evaluate the mass, ranging from an MRI (Dr. Reilly), to CT scan (Dr. Cotton), to both MRI and CT (Dr. Koopman). Blood tests to evaluate pituitary function could be indicated if there was a sphenoid defect (Dr. Reilly). None of the experts would biopsy this lesion. All would proceed with a definitive resection. One surgeon would defer surgery for several months and then perform the resection via a biocoronal craniotomy (Dr. Reilly). A combined anterior craniotomy and external ethmoidectomy would be planned by another (Dr. Koopman). The third consultant would combine an anterior craniotomy with a mid-face degloving, external rhinoplasty, or lateral rhinotomy approach (Dr. Cotton). Routine perioperative antibiotics would only be used by two of the surgeons (Drs. Reilly and Koopman). If a CSF leak were encountered there are several options. A small lesion could be allowed to close on its own (Dr. Reilly). If the leak occurred while the bicoronal incision was still open or if the leak were large, it could be repaired from above (Drs. Reilly and Koopman). One surgeon would proceed with a repair from above even if the leak were encountered during the intranasal approach (Dr. Cotton). Only one surgeon would restrict postoperative activity with intubation and sedation or paralysis (Dr. Koopman). Regarding follow-up, no one was concerned about the final pathology report.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Nasal mass in a pediatric patient. 139 78

The authors have developed new devices for stereotactic radiosurgery using a conventional linear accelerator (LINAC). The system of devices consists of a rotatory chair with a base ring holder, a Brown Robert Well's stereotactic apparatus (BRW's apparatus) with a double set of base rings and a number of precise collimators which eliminate penumbra to the greatest extent. A study rotatory chair was manufactured, whose vertical axis of rotation is always set and stable. A strongly built, adjustable holder for the BRW's base ring is attached to the chair. The principle and flow of procedures step by step is as follows; 1). The rotatory chair is carried in under the linear accelerator and the vertical rotatory axis of the chair is precisely adjusted to align with the vertical center of the photon beam from the LINAC. 2) A base ring and a locator of BRW's apparatus are mounted on a patient's head and three coordinates of a target are determined by CT scans. 3) The target indicator of the dummy set of BRW's apparatus is positioned according to X, Y, Z coordinates of the target. The tip of a rod indicator fixed on an instrument bloc on the arc device is precisely adjusted to touch at the tip of the target indicator. 4) The base ring and arc device with rod indicator are transferred together from the BRW's dummy set to the rotatory chair and fixed to the base ring holder. The tip of the rod indicator is precisely adjusted to be positioned at the isocenter of the LINAC. 5) The base ring and arc device are removed and replaced by another base ring mounted on the head of a patient, who is made to sit on the rotatory chair. The target in the brain is now located at the isocenter of the LINAC. Stereotactic radiation is started with rotation of the chair and circular movement of the gantry of the LINAC. The chair is rotated at a speed of 100 degrees per second, and the gantry of the LINAC is moved slowly on a circular trajectory from +115 degrees to -115 degrees. Fourteen cases, including AVM, cavernous angioma, acoustic tumor and glioma have been treated so far. Three cases of large AVM were treated by a combination of artificial embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[A new principle and device for radiosurgery using a linear accelerator; its principle, devices and clinical trials]. 159 34

Technetium-d, HMPAO SPECT was performed in 70 patients suffering from intracerebral tumors of various histologic types (glioma n = 30, meningioma n = 19, metastases n = 10, angioma n = 3, neuroma n = 2, lymphoma n = 2, neurocytoma n = 1, epidermoid n = 1, gliosis n = 1, cholesteatoma n = 1). Tumor classification was histologically verified in all subjects except in two cases with inoperable angiomas. SPECT was performed under resting state conditions with a dual-head rotating camera (SIEMENS ZLC 37) following intravenous injection of 18-25 mCi 99mTc-d, 1-HMPAO. Regional tracer deposit was expressed in terms of a cerebellar index (CBI). Significantly higher regional HMPAO uptake was found in meningiomas when compared with gliomas of different malignancy (ANOVA p less than 0.05). Within gliomas, regional uptake increased with malignancy (n.s.). In 23 patients, a total of 32 tumor specimens were obtained for histochemical analysis of glutathione (GSH) content using high-pressure liquid chromatography. A significant correlation (least square method, p less than 0.001) between CBIs and GSH values was found, supporting the hypothesis that GSH is the predominant factor for the conversion of the lipophilic complex to hydrophilic derivates.
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PMID:Technetium-99m-d,1-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) uptake and glutathione content in brain tumors. 188 May 68

The term "angioglioma" denotes a highly vascular glioma, most of which are low-grade lesions associated with a favorable prognosis. The authors encountered an example of this pathology, a cystic oligodendroglioma associated with prominent vasculature which both clinically and histologically mimicked an occult arteriovenous malformation (AVM). This case and reports of the association of AVM and glioma prompted a histological review of 1034 surgically resected AVM's, both angiographically occult and visible, among which no oligodendroglial or astrocytic forms of "angioglioma" were found. Eight cases were observed, however, wherein oligodendroglial cells were increased in number within or about the malformation. Two basic histological patterns of oligodendroglial cell excess were seen; one appeared to be malformative in nature with abnormal disposition of oligodendroglial cells being an integral part of the AVM, whereas in the other an apparent increase in cellularity seemed the result of chronic ischemia with condensation of white matter. It appeared that the areas of increased oligodendrocyte content seen in association with AVM are non-neoplastic lesions that exhibit two rather distinct histological patterns of differing origin. In an effort to determine the frequency of "angioglioma," the authors examined Tissue Registry data for several glioma groups in which highly vascular examples are prone to occur. Tumors selected for study included 104 cerebellar-type (pilocytic) astrocytomas, 82 oligodendrogliomas, and 51 supratentorial pilocytic astrocytomas. Histological hypervascularity mimicking a vascular malformation (that is, an "angioglioma") was encountered in 5%, 4%, and 12% of the cases, respectively. Based upon clinical, radiological, and pathological reviews of these cases, as well as a careful review of the literature, it was concluded that 1) "angiogliomas" are neither rare nor represent a distinct clinicopathological entity; 2) in histological but not necessarily angiographic surgical terms, they represent simply highly vascular gliomas, usually of low grade; and 3) the clinicopathological and angiographic features as well as the prognosis of such lesions do not differ from those of similar gliomas without angioma-like vasculature. Finally, "angiogliomas" must not be confused with gliomas of high-grade malignancy which, due to neovascularity, may be highly vascular at angiography and at surgery.
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PMID:"Angioglioma" and the arteriovenous malformation-glioma association. 188 77

The most common ocular and orbital tumors presenting in infancy, childhood and adolescence are presented and discussed in this review. It has been prepared specifically for the clinical pediatrician and focuses on the clinical recognition of ophthalmic neoplasms, their diagnostic evaluation employing the use of advanced imaging techniques, biopsy when indicated and extent of disease workup. In addition, current treatment modalities are discussed. Ocular tumors addressed include: retinoblastoma, capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, dermoid and epidermoid cysts, teratoma, glioma, astrocytic hamartoma, neurofibroma, rhabdomyosarcoma and fibrous tumors. Two aggressive and potentially fatal tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma and retinoblastoma, are presented in detail. In addition, the ocular tumors associated with the phakomatoses (von Hippel-Lindau, tuberous sclerosis and neurofibromatosis) are reviewed.
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PMID:Ophthalmic neoplasms in infancy and childhood. 219 81

We present a 24-year-old patient with multiple chondromas of both hands, the pelvis, the left leg, and an associated brain stem glioma. There was no evidence of hemangioma or dyschromia, and the condition was diagnosed as Ollier's disease, a special type of dyschondroplasia like Maffucci's syndrome and Kast's disease. An increased overall risk for development of malignant skeletal and nonskeletal tumors is associated with Maffucci's syndrome. The risk of malignant degeneration is lower in Ollier's disease. A glioma in the pons and the right lobe of the cerebellum was found in this patient. The literature describes an association with gliomas in only 12 cases of dyschondroplasia and an infratentorial localization in just one case. Signs of malignancy were histologically confirmed in 7 cases without significant preponderance of any one type. Our patient had a low-grade brain stem astrocytoma with fibrillar and gemistocytic components. A stereotactic serial biopsy made it possible to rule out malignant degeneration. Stereotactic brain tumor biopsy as a routine neurosurgical procedure is particularly valuable for deep space-occupying processes and forms the basis for therapy. In the present case, irradiation was not recommended.
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PMID:A case of dyschondroplasia associated with brain stem glioma: diagnosis by stereotactic biopsy. 223 48


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