Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the study was to establish the influence exerted by a supratentorial brain tumour on the EEG correlates of sleep, and to compare the results before and after operation. Five patients were studied (aged 38 to 59 years) who were treated surgically for supratentorial expanding lesions: two cases of meningioma (in left parietal area), two cases of glioma (right parietal area and occipital area) and one case of intracerebral haematoma. The control group comprised 5 patients operated upon for lesions of the peripheral nerves of extremities. In the patients with supratentorial brain tumours and after their removal the following sleep parameters were unchanged: total sleep duration, number of awakening during sleep, latency time of the first REM phase and stage 3 NREM (deep and superficial sleep). The amount of REM sleep increased after tumour removal. REM-sleep density was selectively and permanently disturbed. In presence of tumour REM-sleep density was found in traces only, after tumour removal it increased but showed a permanent high-grade deficit in relation to controls.
 ...
PMID:[Results of polygraphic nocturnal sleep recording in patients with supratentorial brain tumors prior to and following surgery]. 21 30

Dianhydrogalactitol was the most active of 177 agents tested against a mouse ependymoblastoma tumor. We conducted a prospectively randomized trial comparing whole-brain irradiation alone vs identical irradiation plus dianhydrogalactitol in 42 patients with grade 3 and 4 supratentorial astrocytomas. Patients receiving dianhydrogalactitol in addition to irradiation had a significantly longer median survival time (67 vs 35 weeks) than did patients receiving only irradiation. The major toxic effect of dianhydrogalactitol is hematologic suppression of a cumulative nature. Dianhydrogalactitol may play an important role (in conjunction with radiation therapy) in the initial treatment of patients with supratentorial glioma. Our data may indicate that the mouse ependymoblastoma system is a useful screen for agents to be used in the treatment of human glioma.
 ...
PMID:Dianhydrogalactitol and radiation therapy. Treatment of supratentorial glioma. 21 69

Neuroblastoma x glioma in NG108-15 cells possess opiate, alpha-adrenergic, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which mediate an inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Growth of cells for 12--48 hours in the presence of a receptor--activator gradually results in a compensatory increase in adenylate cyclase activity. Withdrawal of the receptor ligand then results in relatively long-lived increases in adenylate cyclase activity and intracellular cAMP levels. Thus cells grown in the presence of morphine, norepinephrine, or acetylcholine seem to become dependent on the compound to maintain normal cAMP levels.
 ...
PMID:Studies on synapse formation and opiate dependence. 21 60

The spontaneous production of a rat C-type RNA virus (ACV) in a cultured cell line (AC cells) established from a chemically induced rat glioma was studied. The characteristics of ACV were: morphology typical of C-type RNA virus; buoyant density of 1.15 g/ml in a sucrose density gradient; RNA directed DNA polymerase activity; viral core with a density of 1.28 to 1.30 g/ml; 70S RNA with dimer structure; and structural protein composed of mainly four polypeptides. Kinetical analysis of DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that DNA sequences homologous to DNA transcripts of RNA of ACV were present in rat cells. RNA directed DNA polymerase of ACV partially cross-reacted with antiserum to the polymerase of Rauscher murine leukemia virus. These data suggest that ACV is an endogenous C-type RNA virus of rat origin.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous production of a C-type RNA virus in a cell line derived from rat glioma. 22 May 10

Two types of tumour cell have been obtained from a glioma transplacentally induced by ethylnitrosourea in a BD-IX rat. These were distinguished in culture by their different morphologies, responses to dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate, inducibility of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase and growth in soft agar. They had different karyotypes, with distinctive numbers and arrangements of chromosomes. One cell type had an apparently normal diploid set of 42 whilst the other had 43 chromosomes. An additional chromosome No 4 was identified in the latter by Giemsa banding. Translocations and other abnormalities involving this chromosome were consistently observed. Both cell types produced malignant, astrocytic tumours when injected into newborn syngeneic rats, but with different latent periods and morphological features.
 ...
PMID:Cellular heterogeneity in an ethylnitrosourea-induced glioma: malignancy, karyology and other properties of tumour cell types. 22 Oct 2

Neurohypophyseal tumors are rare. A case of a glioma of the neurohypophysis is presented. The tumor closely resembled pituicytomas or infundibulomas. Management of these lesions poses special problems as their natural history is unclear. This tumor was excised via the transnasal, transphenoidal route and there has been no recurrence during the subsequent thirty months. The transnasal approach for posterior lobe tumors appears to be acceptable for those confined to the sella turcica or displaying minimal suprasellar extension. The literature is reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Transnasal excision of a neurohypophyseal tumor. 22 98

A human oligodendroglial cell line has been established from a mixed glioma. Over a period of 22 months, the cell consisted of cells with the morphologic features of such a strong perinuclear halo, dichotomous branching, and a tendency to aggregate and float in the medium. In small aggregates, most cells are bipolar. The cell line also continues to synthetize the S-100 protein specific to neural tissue. The response of this cell line to dibutyryl-cyclic AMP is striking, resulting in a remarkable narrowing and elongation of the cell processes. This cell line could be used for studies on glial differentiation and neuron-glia interaction.
 ...
PMID:Establishment of a human oligodendroglial cell line. 22 11

For many permanent cell lines the transition from a growing (P) to a resting (R) state is reversibly controlled by growth factors present in serum. This P-to-R transition was studied in a neuronal cell line (B104) with respect to the action of serum, dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP), gangliosides, and a glioma cell-produced growth factor GGF. In this cell system gangliosides seem to act as differentiation and survival factors. The kinetics of uptake of radioactively labeled gangliosides and survival experiments both support the idea of the stable incorporation of exogenously added gangliosides into the cells. Based on the experimental evidence a new model of cell development is proposed. Thus in addition to the R or Go state, which in this cell system is rather unstable and probably regulated by cyclic nucleotides, we postulate a differentiated D state, which is controlled by gangliosides and which is characterized by its stability (survival time). This D compartment seems to be closer to the in vivo differentiated neuron than does the R or P state. tthe possible mechanisms for the action of gangliosides are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Growth factors and gangliosides: a possible new perspective in neuronal growth control. 22 63

Both glial and neuronal cells maintained in primary culture were found to accumulate [3H]GABA by an efficient "high-affinity" uptake system (apparent Km = 9 muM, Vmax = 0.018 and 0.584 nmol/mg/min, respectively) which required sodium ions and was inhibited by 1 mM ouabain. Strychnine and parachloromercuriphenylsulfonate (pCS) (both at 1mM) also strongly inhibited uptake of [3H]GABA, but metabolic inhibitors (2,4-dinitrophenol, potassium cyanide, and malonate) were without effect. Only three structural analogs of GABA (nipecotate, beta-alanine, and 2,4-diaminobutyrate) inhibited uptake of [3H]GABA, while several other compounds with structural similarities to GABA (e.g. glycine, L-proline, and taurine) did not interact with the system. The kinetic studies indicated presence of a second uptake (Km = 92 muM, Vmax = 0.124 nmol/mg/min) in the primary cultures containing predominantly glioblasts. On the other hand, only one of the neuronal cell lines transformed by simian virus SV40 appeared to accumulate [3H]GABA against a concentration gradient. Apparent Km of this uptake was relatively high (819 muM), and it was only weakly inhibited by 1 mM ouabain and 1 mM pCS. The structural specificity also differed from that of the uptake observed in the primary cultures. Significantly, non of the nontransformed continuous cell lines of either tumoral (glioma, C6; neuroblastoma, M1; M1NN) or normal (NN;I6) origin actively accumulated [3H]GABA. It is suggested that for the neurochemical studies related to GABA and requiring homogeneous cell populations, the primary cultures offer a better experimental model than the continuous cell lines.
 ...
PMID:High-affinity uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid in cultured glial and neuronal cells. 22 77

The data presented may be of definite value in the prevention of hemorrhage and thrombosis in patients with malignant glial tumors. A malignant glioma may lead to increased activity of the blood coagulation system (BCS). Preoperative staining of the tumor was not attended by marked changes in the BCS and blood viscocity, though a tendency towards an increase in BCS activity according to some of the indices may sometimes be noted. Chemotherapy with nitrosourea and methotrexate was attended by thrombocytopenia but there was practically no changes in the other BCS indices. The postoperative period is usually marked by increased BCS activity according to most of the indices. Increased blood viscocity is often encountered in patients with glial cerebral tumors in the preoperative and postoperative periods, which is evidently due to the intensive dehydration therapy to which they are subjected in marked increase of intracranial pressure.
 ...
PMID:[State of the blood coagulation in glial tumors of the brain]. 22 52


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10