Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. When C6 glioma cells were incubated with mycophenolic acid, a potent and specific inhibitor of IMP:NAD oxidoreductase (EC 1.2.1.14) there was a marked depletion of the cellular content of GTP. The viability of the cells was unaffected. 2. The adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) response of C6 glioma cells to the beta-adrenergic stimulant, (+/-)isoprenaline, was considerably reduced after treatment with mycophenolic acid. The diminished response to (+/-)isoprenaline was prevented by the inclusion of guanine in the culture medium along with mycophenolic acid. 3. The adenylate cyclase response to (+/-)isoprenaline of whole homogenates from C6 cells treated with mycophenolic acid was also depressed; the response was restored to normal by the addition of GTP. 4. The adenylate cyclase response to (+/-)isoprenaline of a membrane fraction prepared from homogenates of C6 cells was almost totally dependent on the presence of added GTP. Membrane fractions from control and mycophenolic-acid-treated C6 cells gave similar adenylate cyclase responses to (+/-)isoprenaline in the presence of GTP. 5. It is concluded that mycophenolic acid may depress the beta-adrenergic sensitivity of C6 cells by depleting the cellular content of GTP.
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PMID:Reduction in beta-adrenergic response of cultured glioma cells following depletion of intracellular GTP. 19 9

We have recently reported that fetal BD IX-rat brain cells (FBC), transferred to long-term culture after a transplacental pulse of EtNU on the 18th day of gestation, undergo neoplastic transformation in vitro ("BT-cell lines"). Tumors developed upon s.c. reimplantation of BT-cells into baby BD IX-rats, appeared histologically as neurinoma-, glioma- or glioblastoma-like, and frequently as pleiomorphic neoplasms. In spite of a more atypic cellular morphology, these tumors grossly resembled the different types of neuroectodermal rat neoplasms induced by EtNU in vivo. Like the neoplastic cell culture lines derived from EtNU-induced, neuroectodermal BD IX-rat tumors ("V-cell lines"), the BT-lines contained multipolar glia-like cells, but also flat cells with fewer and shorter cytoplasmic processes, and occasionally giant cells. Both the V- and BT-lines showed different levels of aneuploidy. They contained multiple subpopulations of cells, as reflected, e.g., by plurimodal pulse-cytophotometric DNA distributions. All lines contained, to varying degrees, the nervous system-specific protein S-100, a "marker" not yet expressed in FBC. There was no indication of more than borderline neurotransmitter activity, suggesting that proliferating (precursor) cells of glial lineages may preferentially undergo malignant transformation after exposure to EtNU during this stage of brain development.
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PMID:Phenotypic properties of neoplastic cell lines developed from fetal rat brain cells in culture after exposure to ethylnitrosourea in vivo. 19 83

The unnatural (+) enantiomer of morphine had minimal activity in three opiate assays in vitro: the rat brain homogenate binding assay, the electrically stimulated guinea pig ileum assay, and the inhibition of adenylate cyclase in neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cell homogenates. When (+)-morphine was microinfected into the periaqueductal gray (a site known to mediate morphine analgesia) of drug-naive rats, there was only minimal analgesia, but the hyperresponsivity usually observed after microinfection of (-)-morphine occurred. Also, when (+)-morphine was microinfected into the midbrain reticular formation of drug-naive rats, rotation similar to that following microinjection of (-)-morphine occurred. These behaviors were not blocked by naloxone. Significantly, they typically occur in precipitated abstinence in morphine-dependent rats. These observations suggest that there are at least two classes of receptors, one stereospecific and blocked by naloxone and the other only weakly stereospecific and not blocked by naloxone, and that precipitated abstinence may be due, in part, to a selective blockade of receptors of the former class but not of the latter.
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PMID:Stereospecific and nonstereospecific effects of (+)- and (-)-morphine: evidence for a new class of receptors? 19 42

Addition of 1 micronM 1-norepinephrine to cultures of C6TK- rat glioma cells caused a 2-fold increase in specific activity of the glial-specific enzyme 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (nucleoside-2':3'-cyclic-phosphate 3'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.16). Specific activity could also be stimulated by analogues of 3':5'-cyclic AMP, and the effect of norepinephrine could be blocked by beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists but not by alpha-adrenergic antagonists. Norepinephrine or cyclic AMP analogues also increased the specific activity of this enzyme in other clones of glioma and Schwannoma cells and in glioma X neuroblastoma cell hybrids. These results show that the stimulatory effect of norepinephrine on cyclic AMP concentrations in glioma cells leads ultimately to a stimulation of glial-specific cell funtion.
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PMID:Norepinephrine induces glial-specific enzyme activity in cultured plasma glioma cells. 20 Sep 19

The endogenous central nervous tissue substance called MLC (morphine-like compound) is shown to bind to the opiate receptors of the mouse neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cell line NG108-15. The interaction of MLC with these opiate receptors is noncooperative, as is the interaction of morphine, naloxone, and Leu-enkephalin with these receptors. A specific antibody to morphine will bind MLC but will not bind beta-endorphin, Leu-enkephalin, or Met-enkephalin. It would appear, therefore, that MLC can be considered to be a different type of endogenous ligand for the opiate receptor.
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PMID:Binding of the endogenous nonpeptide morphine-like compound to opiate receptors. 20 Sep 39

Twenty-nine primary intraspinal neoplasms in children observed between 1936 and 1975 in Connecticut are reviewed. Most of them were gliomas: 45 per cent astrocytoma, 24 per cent ependymal neoplasm, 10 per cent glioblastoma multiforme and 7 per cent glioma. Symptoms, physical findings and therapy are reviewed.
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PMID:Intraspinal neoplasms in children. 20 2

To function effectively as primary care specialists, psychiatrists must remain ever alert to the possibility of organic disorders in patients who at first show only psychiatric symptoms. A case is presented in which hysterical overlay led to misdiagnosis in a 31 year woman, who dies of a diffuse medullary glioma 3 1/2 years after onset of "conversion" symptoms. The authors point out how the label "hysterical" clouds longitudinal objective diagnostic observations especially when initial clinical and laboratory data fail to support a definitive organic diagnosis.
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PMID:Hysterical symptoms masking brain stem glioma. 20 23

The variable effect of immunizations with cell-free tumor extract (TE) in a weakly antigenic (Morris hepatoma 3924a) and a highly antigenic (glioma 9L) inbred rat model system was described. Tumor enhancement was noted with the weakly antigenic tumor following either immunization with a low dose of TE admixed with Freund's adjuvant or immunization with high doses of TE. Enhancement was observed at four tumor cell challenge levels. Tumor enhancement with the highly antigenic tumor was found at only one level and was seen following immunization with intermediate doses of TE and a high tumor cell challenge. Tumor protection was only detected with the weakly antigenic tumor following immunizations with an intermediate dose of TE and challenge with a tumor cell dose 5-fold over threshold. This protection was tumor specific, as judged by an amputation and rechallenge experiment.
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PMID:Growth of transplanted rat tumors following administration of cell-free tumor antigens. 20 57

Replication of herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) was studied in various cell lines of rat nervous system origin. Infection of neonatal rat glial primary cells with HSV-I, strain KOS, produced normal yields of progeny virus. Glioma lines B9 and B15 were permissive, the neuronal line B50 was partially restricted (10 to 100-fold reduction) and the neuronal line B103 was non-permissive (greater than 1000-fold reduction) for HSV-I (KOS) replication. Synthesis of virus DNA in infected B103 cells was not detected. However, at least some virus macromolecular synthesis was induced, including production of thymidine kinase, DNA polymerase and virus structural proteins.
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PMID:Infection by herpes simplex virus and cells of nervous system origin: characterization of a non-permissive interaction. 20 30

Synapses form between cells of a neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid clone and cultured mouse skeletal myotubes. The synapses are cholinergic, and the acetylcholine release mechanism is dependent on calcium ions. The transmitter output of the synapses is low, with considerable variability in the latency and amplitude of the postsynaptic responses to presynaptic action potentials. The fine structure of physiologically identified functional junctions was examined electron microscopically. Small (50 nm) clear vesicles were seen presynaptically and there were areas with a wide (approx. 50 nm) gap containing basement membrane-like material between the pre- and postsynaptic cells. In addition, in some regions there was a densely staining material lining the muscle membrane and some suggestion of infolding of the muscle membrane. In none of the cases, however, have areas been found where small, clear vesicles cluster around pre- and postsynaptic membrane densities. Thus, functional synapses can occur in the absence of the highly organized synaptic structure seen at mature synapses.
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PMID:Formation of synapses between cells of a neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid clone and mouse myotubes. 20 14


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