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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of midline intranasal dermoid cysts presenting like discharging lacrimal sac mucocoeles in children are described. The diagnosis of this rare condition is suggested by the presence of midline nasal cutaneous dimples, although these may be associated with isolated anomalies such as nasal dermoid cyst, encephalocoele or glioma.
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PMID:Midline nasal dermoids presenting like discharging lacrimal sac mucocoeles. 749 71

The purpose of this study was to review certain computed tomography (CT) criteria in relation to the histopathologic diagnosis of orbital tumours. One hundred and forty cases of orbital tumour were evaluated by CT between 1979 and 1992 at two tertiary-care hospitals. The radiologic material was available and the histopathologic diagnosis had been clearly established for only 93 of these; these cases were reviewed in detail for the study. The radiologic semiology of the cases was compared with the pathological diagnosis. The characteristics evaluated were tumour localization, attenuation, contrast enhancement, the presence of calcifications, the morphologic features and changes in the neighbouring bony structures. The authors present here the findings for the most commonly encountered tumours: uveal melanoma (observed in 50 cases), lymphoma (in 8), optic glioma (in 6), meningioma (in 6), dermoid cyst (in 5) and metastasis (in 5). Using the current literature for corroboration, the authors suggest an approach to diagnosis on the basis of the CT criteria discussed.
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PMID:[A retrospective study of 93 cases of orbital and eye tumors using tomodensitometry]. 819 69

Accurate evaluation of the retrobulbar orbit tumors and obtaining similar radiologic and histopathologic diagnosis are the most important for the therapeutic management. The authors analysed a group of 124 patients undergoing orbital CT exams and subsequently surgical procedure. They differentiated and described typical CT images of cavernous angioma, malignant lymphoma, optic glioma and dermoid cyst of orbit in correlation with the clinical data.
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PMID:[Computed tomography images of selected retrobulbar orbit tumors]. 1110 66

Nasal encephaloceles can be divided into frontoethmoidal and basal encephaloceles. Both conditions are very rare, but frontoethmoidal encephaloceles show a relatively high incidence (1:5,000) in Southeast Asia. The pathogenesis of encephaloceles may be explained by a disturbance in separation of surface ectoderm (epithelial layer) and neurectoderm (nervous tissue) in the midline just after closure of the neural folds. It should be regarded as a 'late' neurulation defect taking place during the 4th gestational week. Apoptosis appears to be related to this separation process. Frontoethmoidal encephaloceles can be recognized as a facial mass covered with normal skin, while basal encephaloceles may cause nasal obstruction or symptoms related to herniation of basal structures. Diagnostic CT or MR imaging delineates the anatomy of the herniated mass. Therapy for frontoethmoidal encephaloceles consists in excision of the cele, watertight closure of the dural defect and reconstruction of the skull defect. Basal encephaloceles may harbour vital herniated structures which should be saved. Hydrocephalus should be dealt with first, followed by elective single-stage reconstructive surgery. The prognosis appears to be better for patients with frontoethmoidal encephaloceles than for patients with occipital or parietal encephaloceles, and it depends largely on the presence of additional congenital anomalies of the brain. The differential diagnosis of a nasal mass must include nasal glioma, dermoid cyst, and nasal polyp.
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PMID:Nasal encephaloceles. 1115 20

Tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are frequent; acoustic neuromas and meningiomas represent the great majority of such tumors. However, a large variety of unusual lesions can also be encountered in the CPA. The site of origin is the main factor in making a preoperative diagnosis for an unusual lesion of the CPA. In addition, it is essential to analyze attenuation at computed tomography (CT), signal intensity at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, enhancement, shape and margins, extent, mass effect, and adjacent bone reaction. CPA masses can primarily arise from the cerebellopontine cistern and other CPA structures (arachnoid cyst, nonacoustic schwannoma, aneurysm, melanoma, miscellaneous meningeal lesions) or from embryologic remnants (epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst, lipoma). Tumors can also invade the CPA by extension from the petrous bone or skull base (cholesterol granuloma, paraganglioma, chondromatous tumors, chordoma, endolymphatic sac tumor, pituitary adenoma, apex petrositis). Finally, CPA lesions can be secondary to an exophytic brainstem or ventricular tumor (glioma, choroid plexus papilloma, lymphoma, hemangioblastoma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor). A close association between CT and MR imaging findings is very helpful in establishing the preoperative diagnosis for unusual lesions of the CPA.
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PMID:Unusual lesions of the cerebellopontine angle: a segmental approach. 1125 5

Congenital midline nasal masses are rare and therefore easily misdiagnosed, but due to their possible complications, they require prompt diagnosis and management. In this article we review the three most common: dermoid cyst, glioma and encephalocele. Their tendency to have a similar presentation requires very good skills in taking the history and performing the physical exam as well as an adequate radiologic diagnosis including CT, MRI or both. It is very important that we always consider them to avoid taking a biopsy.
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PMID:[Nasal glioma]. 1555 92

Congenital lesions of the external nose appear during embryologic development. Their usual location is midline nasal area. The most common are dermoid cyst, glioma, encephalocele and meningocele. The histopatology confirms dermoid cyst in 60%. Diagnosis is based mainly on clinical examination of the patient. Computer tomography and magnetic resonance are useful to reveal the pathway of intracranial herniation or presence of associated anomalies of the cranial bones. A complete surgical removal of the lesion is the only effective treatment. In Plastic Surgery Clinic in Lodz, 20 patients 2-20 years old were operated between the years 1973-2004. Treatment consisted of simple surgical excision of the nasal lesion. The dermoid cyst was diagnosed in 55%. In 3 cases, where herniations were observed, a preparation and simple ligature was performed. The results of all operations were satisfactory. Congenital lesion of the external nose should be considered as dermoid cyst, glioma, encephalocele or meningocele. Complete excision is very important. Deformations of the nose after surgery are to be corrected after the facial skull growth process ends.
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PMID:[Congenital lesions of the external nose]. 1652 50

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reliably demonstrate typical features of vestibular schwannomas or meningiomas in the vast majority of mass lesions responsible for cerebellopontine angle (CPA) syndrome. However, a large variety of unusual lesions can also be encountered in the CPA. Covering the entire spectrum of lesions potentially found in the CPA, these articles explain the pertinent neuroimaging features that radiologists need to know to make clinically relevant diagnoses in these cases, including data from diffusion- and perfusion-weighted imaging or MR spectroscopy, when available. A diagnostic algorithm based on the lesion's site of origin, shape and margins, density, signal intensity and contrast material uptake is also proposed. Non-enhancing extra-axial CPA masses are cystic (epidermoid cyst, arachnoid cyst, neurenteric cyst) or contain fat (dermoid cyst, lipoma). Tumours can also extend into the CPA by extension from the skull base (paraganglioma, chondromatous tumours, chordoma, cholesterol granuloma, endolymphatic sac tumour). Finally, brain stem or ventricular tumours can present with a significant exophytic component in the CPA that may be difficult to differentiate from an extra-axial lesion (lymphoma, hemangioblastoma, choroid plexus papilloma, ependymoma, glioma, medulloblastoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour).
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PMID:Imaging of cerebellopontine angle lesions: an update. Part 2: intra-axial lesions, skull base lesions that may invade the CPA region, and non-enhancing extra-axial lesions. 1756 53

Congenital dacryocystocele is a uncommon type of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Differential diagnosis for masses in the medial canthal region of a newborn include encephalocele, hemangioma, nasal glioma, and dermoid cyst. Because of the risk of becoming infected (acute dacryocystitis) and potentially lethal due to septicemia, aggressive management, including admission for intravenous antibiotics and surgical removal, is now advocated by many pediatric ophthalmologists if the cyst cannot be decompressed. Because of the commonly associated nasal cyst, infants with nasolacrimal dacryocyctocele may also experience respiratory distress especially when breast-feeding. The following case of dacryocystocele, which had progressed to dacryocystitis, was misdiagnosed as an infantile hemangioma. It is important to diagnose this entity quickly and refer for appropriate antibiotic and surgical management to avoid more serious sequelae of sepsis and possible death.
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PMID:Case report: Congenital dacryocystocele and dacryocystitis. 2127 64

The authors report a case of glioma nasopalatine Multifoil in wallet, location-intra nasal and palatal left. The nasal glioma is a rare congenital malformation presenting as a nasal mass composed of neuroglial tissue heteropias resulting from an abnormality in embryonic development. It is a benign tumor that fits into the nosology of the masses of the midline. This abnormality arises primarily a diagnostic problem because often mistaken for a meningo-encephalocele or a nasal dermoid cyst. Localization nose and palate, an hourglass, is extremely rare if not exceptional; The computed tomography (CT) has enabled the accurate assessment of injury and has guided the choice of surgical technique. The resection was done successfully without recurrence. Histology examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the nature of astrocytic neuroglial tumor. The location of the tumor pedide palate to that of the left nostril is special and especially histological diagnosis of this congenital malformation.
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PMID:[Diagnostic and surgical approach to an hourglass-shaped nasopalatine glioma in an infant]. 2132 23


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