Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pontine gliomas have been considered to be out of indication for operative treatment. However, in case of a cystic type, evacuation of the cyst alone can possibly extend the survival time of the patient. Since the advent of high resolution CT the nature of the pontine tumor, whether cystic or solid, can be easily differentiated, and cystic ones subjected to operation will be increasing in number. We report a case of cystic pontine glioma associated with von Recklinghausen's disease. The patient showed a remarkable improvement in her neurological status after evacuation of the cyst. A 16-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic with complaints of tinnitus and hearing difficulty of the left ear, progressive gait disturbance and double vision. Neurological examination revealed a sensory disturbance on the left side of the face, left abducens palsy, left facial paresis, left deafness, left cerebellar ataxia, right hemiparesis and right hemisensory disturbance excluding the face. Signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure were absent. There were many cafe-au-lait spots and several subcutaneous nodules. CT scan demonstrated a cystic lesion with a mural nodule in the left cerebello-pontine angle. The patient underwent left suboccipital craniectomy, and a puncture of the cyst between the trigeminal and facial-acoustic nerves which were displaced dorsally yielded yellowish fluid. The content of the cyst was evacuated and its wall was widely opened. After the operation the patient showed a remarkable improvement in her neurological deficits only with left deafness remained unchanged. Histological examination showed anaplastic astrocytoma. She was discharged after irradiation of 5000 rads.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cystic pontine glioma associated with von Recklinghausen's disease--report of a case]. 643 42

Therapeutic options for the treatment of malignant brain tumors have been limited, in part, because of the presence of the blood-brain barrier. For this reason, the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Consortium, the focus of which was the "Importance of Dose Intensity in Neuro-Oncology Clinical Trials," was convened in April 2000, at Government Camp, Mount Hood, Oregon. This meeting, which was supported by the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, brought together clinicians and basic scientists from across the U.S. to discuss the role of dose intensity and enhanced chemotherapy delivery in the treatment of malignant brain tumors and to design multicenter clinical trials. Optimizing chemotherapy delivery to the CNS is crucial, particularly in view of recent progress identifying certain brain tumors as chemosensitive. The discovery that specific constellations of genetic alterations can predict which tumors are chemoresponsive, and can therefore more accurately predict prognosis, has important implications for delivery of intensive, effective chemotherapy regimens with acceptable toxicities. This report summarizes the discussions, future directions, and key questions regarding dose-intensive treatment of primary CNS lymphoma, CNS relapse of systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, high-grade glioma, and metastatic cancer of the brain. The promising role of cytoenhancers and chemoprotectants as part of dose-intensive regimens for chemosensitive brain tumors and development of improved gene therapies for malignant gliomas are discussed.
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PMID:Importance of dose intensity in neuro-oncology clinical trials: summary report of the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Consortium. 1130 17

Gliomas are rare entities in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) in adults. The authors present clinical, neuroradiological, serological, and neuropathological findings in a 60-year-old man with an extraaxial CPA glioblastoma arising from the proximal portion of cranial nerve VIII. The patient presented with progressive left-sided deafness and left-sided facial palsy lasting less than 2 months and progressive dysarthria and dysphagia lasting 2 weeks. Preoperative neuroimaging suggested the diagnosis of CPA meningioma with "dural-tail" sign and involvement of the internal auditory canal. Serological examination showed an increase in the malignant markers of ferritin and neuron-specific enolase, which suggested underlying malignancy. The tumor was subtotally removed, and it was confirmed to be completely separated from the brainstem and cerebellum. Cranial nerves VII and VIII were destroyed and sacrificed. Transient severe bradycardia occurred during surgery due to entrapment of the caudal cranial nerve complex by the tumor in such an infiltrative way. The neuropathological examination revealed a glioblastoma. The patient underwent no further treatment and died of cachexia 2 months postoperatively. To the authors' knowledge, this represents the first case of a primary glioblastoma in the CPA in an adult. A high index of suspicion along with reliance on clinical assessment, radiological findings, and serum detection of specific malignant markers is essential to diagnose such uncommon CPA lesions.
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PMID:Primary glioblastoma of the cerebellopontine angle in adults. 2178 Aug 57

There are four main risks with Gamma Knife neurosurgery. Firstly, there are direct complications that would not have arisen if the patient had not undergone the specific treatment under consideration. For radiosurgery, the direct complications are radiation-induced damage to the tissues, which may be temporary or permanent. They may be expressed clinically or be clinically silent. In addition, there are complications that are specific to certain diseases and their locations, such as pituitary failure following treatment of pituitary adenomas and deafness, facial palsy, or trigeminal deficit following the treatment of vestibular schwannomas. Second, there are indirect or management-related complications arising from delayed control of the disease process, such as a re-bleed after treatment of a vascular lesion before its occlusion. Third, there is the risk of induction of neoplasia from irradiation of normal tissue or tumor. These are separate processes. An example of the first would be induction of a glioma after treatment of a vascular malformation. An example of the second would be induction of malignant change in a benign vestibular schwannoma. Finally, there is treatment failure, where tumors continue to grow after treatment or vascular malformations fail to occlude.
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PMID:Complications of gamma knife neurosurgery and their appropriate management. 2341 71