Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Etiology and pathogenesis of empty cella syndrome remains undetermined in some cases (primary or idiopathic type), while in others it is related to treatment of pituitary and parasellar disease (secondary type). Ten patients with empty sellae, secondary to treatment of pituitary adenomas (five cases), granulomas (three cases), craniopharyngioma (one case), and optic glioma (one case) are presented. Pathogenesis of empty sella is discussed and the importance of neuroradiologic evaluation of this syndrome is stressed.
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PMID:Secondary empty sella syndrome. 20 13

The role of radiotherapy for certain intracranial tumours, given either postoperatively or as the sole treatment in inoperable cases, is discussed, principally in relation to medulloblastoma, ependymoma, cerebral astrocytoma, brain-stem glioma and craniopharyngioma. Methods of increasing the response of gliomas to irradiation are mentioned and reference is made to the possible value of chemotherapy and of immunotherapy as adjuvants against such tumours. Treatment results are reported and consideration given to the quality of long-term survival.
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PMID:Recent concepts in the conservative treatment of intracranial tumours in children. 22 98

We used a new immunocytoadhesion method to test 15 different tumors of the human nervous system to see whether medulloblastomas share tumor-associated surface antigens (TSA) with other tumors. Antisera against medulloblastoma cells were raised in rabbits. One antiserum was adsorbed extensively with tonsil and adenoid cells and with cerebral tissues. Freshly isolated cells from 15 different tumors were first sensitized with the adsorbed antiserum and then rosetted with erythrocytes coated with purified antibody to rabbit immunoglobulin. We found that the antimedulloblastoma antiserum detected TSA on the immunizing medulloblastoma cells and on cells from 2 other medulloblastomas, but apparently not on cells from other tumors (astrocytomas, glioblastomas, neurinoma, meningiomas and craniopharyngioma). In addition, the antiserum probably detected the medulloblastoma TSA on some other tumors (oligodendroglioma, ependymoma and malignant glioma of mixed type).
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PMID:Comparison of tumor-associated surface antigens on cells from medulloblastomas and from other neoplasms of the human nervous system. 56 78

31 cases with tumours in chiasm and hypothalamus are presented. 21 cases had glioma of chiasma (the tumor continued along one or both optic nerves), six cases had craniopharyngioma and four cases had astrocytoma in the hypothalamus. All of these tumours represent 19% of intracranial tumours observed in our service over a period of eleven years. Russell's syndrome was usually seen in cases of gliomas of chiasm. Visual alterations were observed in a high average of patients with any type of the tumours. Skull in lateral view was a positive proof in all the three types of tumours showing "omega" sella turcica in gliomas of chiasm, supra or retro-sellar calcifications in croniopharyngiomas and large sella turcica in astrocytomas of the hypophalamus. Neumoencephalography and angiography were very positives proofs in all types of tumours. Gammagraphy was specially possitive in gliomas of chiasm. Computed axial tomography is very useful in all types of tumour, but our experience is still limited in comparison with other methods. Most effective treatment for gliomas of the chiasm was radiotherapy with shunt in cases with hydrocephalus and total or partial extirpation in astrocytomas of the hypothalamus and in craniopharyngiomas. Survival rate among patients with these types of tumour is high but presence of visual and endocrinological secuelae is very high too.
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PMID:[Tumours of chiasmatic and hypothalamic regions in children (author's transl)]. 60 5

A 9-year-old schoolgirl received 6007 rads to the suprasellar region for craniopharyngioma. Five years later, a malignant astrocytoma developed in the right temporal lobe. We cite clinical and experimental evidence to support our suspicion that the glioma may have been induced by radiation.
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PMID:Malignant astrocytoma following radiotherapy of a craniopharyngoima. Case report. 63 87

Examination of blood polyamines in 38 patients with brain tumor and 17 normal volunteers was carried out by columnar chromatography--cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. The upper limits of the normal values; M.+2S.D. of the blood polyamine concentrations in 17 normal volunteers, were less than 2.1 mg/ml for spermidine, less than 1.6 mg/ml for spermine, and less than 2.2 mg/ml for spermidine plus spermine. The values of blood polyamines in 21 cases with glioma were significantly higher than those in normal subjects (p less than 0.01). And in 14 out of them, the concentrations of the blood polyamines were higher than the maximum normal value. In one case with reticulum cell sarcoma, the concentrations of the blood polyamines were remarkably increased. In 2 out of 4 cases with metastatic brain tumor the concentration of the blood polyamines were higher than the upper limit of normal amount, and values of the blood polyamines in 4 cases with metastatic brain tumor were significantly higher than those in normal volunteers (p less than 0.05). In none of 2 cases with pituitary adenoma, 3 cases with meningioma, 4 cases with neurinoma, one case with hemangioblastoma, and one case with pinealoma, the values of the blood polyamines were significantly higher than those in normal volunteers. The CSF samples obtained from 9 patients with brain tumor, consisted of 6 gliomas (glioblastoma multiforme 2, anaplastic glioma 4), 1 teratoblastoma, 1 von Recklinghausen's disease (neurinoma and meningioma), and 1 craniopharyngioma, were analyzed for detection of polyamines, but no detectable amount was present in those cases.
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PMID:[Determination of blood polyamines in patients with brain tumor -with special reference to relationship between varieties of tumors and concentrations of blood spermidine and spermine (author's transl)]. 103 26

Brain scintigrams with 8-10 mci of pertechnetate were studied refering to surgical, histological and other neuroradiological findings in 91 cases with diagnosis or suspect of basal midline lesions. Anterior view of 45 cases was stored in high speed magnetic tape, displayed on CRT of our data processing system and studied of the ratio of average count for regions of interest, 2 cm x 2 cm in size, placed on the areas of lesion, the sagittal sinus and the normal brain hemispheres. In 18 pituitary adenomas, excluding acromegaly and other intrasellar lesions, 89% of cases with surgical indication for optic nerve symptoms were reported as abnormal scintigrams. In 20 craniopharyngiomas, 11 positive cases consisted mainly of solid, recurrent or thick cystic tumors. Five of 6 ectopic pinealomas and all 6 parasellar or medial sphenoidal ridge meningiomas showed positive uptake. Average counts of the regions of interest placed on tumor areas were 169.4% of normal hemispheric areas in 9 pituitary adenomas, 192.5% in 3 solid craniopharyngiomas, 192.3% in 6 meningiomas and 193.3% in ectopic pinealomas. The difference in the average ratio of the lesion count to the normal hemispheric count was statistically significant between cystic craniopharyngioma and adenoma, ectopic pinealoma, meningioma, glioma and solid craniopharyngioma, and between adenoma and acromegaly with p less than 0.005, and between solid craniopharyngioma and acromegaly, and between glioma and acromegaly with p less than 0.025. In the ratio of the lesion count to the sagittal sinus count, on the other hand, the difference of the average ratio was significant with p less than 0.005, only between cystic craniopharyngioma and ectopic pinealoma, and between cystic and solid craniopharyngioma. These facts suggested that the sagittal sinus count was unsuitable to be the standard count of an anterior scintigram to compare with basal midline count. The routine Polaroid scintigram with Tc99m pertechnetate proved their useful clinical diagnostic value for various basal midline lesions, the size of which indicated the surgical procedures. The digital analysis of anterior scintigrams supported the clinical value of the routine brain scintigram in the detection of these lesions. The ratio of the average count of the basal midline lesion to the normal brain area on the anterior scintigram presents more useful clinical information than the ratio of the lesion to the sagittal sinus count. Brain scintigram is found to be very helpful for the differential diagnosis between solid and cystic sellar tumors which is very important for the decision of surgical indications, and is not always possible by any other conventional neuroradiological procedures.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of brain scintigrams for basal midline lesions (author's transl)]. 124 Jun 13

Cellular carbohydrate moieties of 65 human dysonotogenetic brain tumors (craniopharyngioma, epidermoid/dermoid, Rathke cleft cyst, germinoma and non-germinomatous germ-cell tumors) and 60 common brain tumors (glioma, meningioma, neurinoma and pituitary adenoma) were investigated histochemically using sections from Ulex europaeus (UEA-1), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), peanut (PNA) and soybean (SBA), and with anti-blood group A and LewisY (LeyY) antibodies. In craniopharyngiomas and epidermoid/dermoids, it was found that PNA and SBA binding sites existed in suprabasal cells of the epithelium, and that antigen of either blood group A or H (demonstrable by UEA-1) existed in more differentiated epithelial cells compared to the results reported in normal human skin epidermis. Rathke cleft cysts were stained with PNA or SBA, and two out of three Rathke cleft cysts also expressed either H or A antigen. In addition, DBA binding sites, as well as LeY antigen, were frequently seen in craniopharyngiomas and Rathke cleft cysts, but they were entirely absent in the epithelium of epidermoid/dermoid. On the other hand, PNA and SBA reactivities was also found in common brain tumors, while blood group A, H and LeY antigens and DBA reactivity were almost absent in these tumors. These findings demonstrate that carbohydrate moieties such as those of blood group antigens reported to be found in human skin epidermis exist in a similar form in craniopharyngioma, epidermoid/dermoid and the Rathke cleft cyst. The identification of blood group A, H and LeY antigens and DBA reactivity in brain tumors seems to be considerably limited and specific.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Distribution of cellular carbohydrate moieties in human dysontogenetic brain tumors, especially in craniopharyngioma and epidermoid/dermoid. 133 21

A review is given on the operative management of anterior third ventricle tumours, with special emphasis on the selection of the approach, the postoperative results and complications. The review is based on our own experiences with 337 cases and 340 operations, among them 198 craniopharyngiomas, 80 gliomas, 23 colloid cysts, 11 ependymomas, and 25 others. The tumours can be approached through the lamina terminals or transcallosally or using a combination of both of these approaches. The approach through the lamina terminalis is useful only in rather small tumours, because it does not allow a sufficient revision of the upper and posterior third ventricle compartments. For larger tumours the transcallosal approach is preferable. We have abandoned the approach through the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, because it does not allow an equally good vision of both sides of the third ventricle. In some of the craniopharyngioma cases it was necessary to combine the transcallosal and subfrontal approaches in order to achieve total or subtotal tumour resection. In craniopharyngiomas total or subtotal tumour removal was possible in 66% of the children and 59% of the adult patients, with a mortality higher in adults (30%) than in children (18.5%). The main causes of complications in craniopharyngiomas were acute disturbances of hypothalamic circulation and function, with water-electrolyte imbalance and other signs of diencephalic insufficiency. In glioma cases an additional important cause of complications has been haemorrhage into the remaining tumour parts. Colloid cysts could be exstirpated without mortality, using the transcallosal approach.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Surgical treatment of anterior third ventricle tumours. 141 28

The authors report their experience of CT and MRI imaging in the study of suprasellar pathologies. The problems concerning the differential diagnosis between meningioma developed in the suprasellar region and pituitary tumour with suprasellar extension are discussed and illustrated; the demonstration of bone abnormalities (blistering, hyperostosis) is particularly useful for the diagnosis of presellar meningioma. The CT and MRI features of craniopharyngioma are compared; CT, of course, is more reliable than MRI in detecting calcifications; with both methods it may be difficult to visualize the cystic components. Glioma of the chiasma is readily diagnosed by MRI, provided the tumour is not too large. Non-thrombosed suprasellar aneurysms have typical features at CT and MRI. Cystic lesions are easily identified by MRI. The CT and MRI images of inflammatory lesions are not very typical.
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PMID:CT and MRI of suprasellar lesions. 156 27


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