Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The work was concerned with the study of 57 gliomas, among which were 30 glioblastomas, 20 astrocytomas, and 7 oligodendrogliomas. Specimens collected from 26 patients who underwent operation for severe craniocerebral trauma, meningioma, and carcinoma metastasis were examined as controls. The proteins of the tumor tissues and those of the brain matter surrounding the tumor and of normal brain matter were fractionated in polyacrylamide gel. It was found that the amount of water soluble protein, both in the total protein content and in all its fractions, was much greater in the glial tumors than in normal brain matter. The effect of 11 factors on the tissue protein composition was studied by factor analysis. The histological structure and extent of vascularization of the tumor as well as the presence of intracranial hypertension were found to produce the highest effect on the fractional distribution of the proteins.
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PMID:[Relation between the protein composition of glial tumors and various clinico-morphologic indices]. 649 54

A murine monoclonal antibody (monoclonal antibody 126) produced against cultured human neuroblastoma cells (LAN-1) was found to be specifically directed to a disialoganglioside (GD2) antigen preferentially expressed on both cell lines and tissues derived from melanoma and neuroblastoma. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, monoclonal antibody 126 failed to react with leukemic and lymphoblastoid cells as well as with a variety of carcinoma and sarcoma cell lines. Immunohistological analysis by the immunoperoxidase technique revealed strong reactivity of monoclonal antibody 126 with frozen and formaldehyde-fixed neuroblastoma and melanoma tissues. Tissues from patients with glioma or with small cell cancer of the lung showed faint staining, whereas those from individuals with sarcoma, lymphoma, and a variety of other neoplasms proved to be negative. Sera of neuroblastoma patients showed significantly elevated GD2 levels compared to normal children (p less than 0.001) and children with other tumors (p less than 0.001) as determined by a quantitative competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the GD2 serum level of one neuroblastoma patient, when followed serially, was found to correlate with progression of disease, suggesting the potential usefulness of this assay for the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Detection of ganglioside GD2 in tumor tissues and sera of neuroblastoma patients. 649 49

A case of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma is described. The first symptoms were due to brain metastases and was then diagnosed as malignant glioma. The appearance of a sudden obstructive jaundice and pneumoperitoneum without any apparent cause led to the diagnosis of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma and peritoneal carcinomatosis, that was confirmed by the anatomicopathological study.
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PMID:[Cerebral metastasis, idiopathic pneumoperitoneum and obstructive jaundice as clinical manifestations of carcinoma of the pancreas]. 657 80

Monometric DNA impulse cytophotometry of ploidism state (diploid or aneuploid tumors with stemmline shift, polyploidism ) and proportion of DNA-synthesized cells (S-phase proportion) were determined on over 500, mostly malignant, tumors of different sites. The results were compared with histopathological findings (TNM stage and degree of differentiation). Large diploid carcinomas of the oral cavity have lower S-phase activity than aneuploid tumors. Carcinomas of the breast, stomach and ovary are frequently diploid. Aneuploid carcinomas of these regions generally have high synthesizing activity. Mucoid signet-ring carcinomas of the stomach have lower S-phase activity than non-mucoid carcinomas. In the colorectal region aneuploid carcinoma predominates, in the colon more than in the rectum. Tumor metastases from colon and rectum into the liver predominantly are from aneuploid primary tumors. For tumors of the breast, corpus uteri and ovary with high and moderate differentiation there is a direct correlation between histological grade of differentiation and the S-phase proportions. Aneuploid tumors vary from low to high synthesizing activity. Diploid meningioma and glioma have a low S-phase proportion, aneuploidism correlates with an increase in growth. Supplementation of histopathological diagnosis by determining ploidism and S-phase activity makes an important contribution in the assessment of the degree of malignancy, as well as for therapeutic purposes.
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PMID:[DNA measurement of malignant tumors by impulse cytophotometry. The principles and importance for assessing growth behavior and the degree of abnormality]. 672 25

Clinical experience with charged particle irradiation of human cancers has been underway at the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Over 150 patients have been irradiated with heavy charged particle beams including helium, carbon, neon, and argon ions. Pilot studies have included such tumor sites as glioma of the brain, carcinoma of the esophagus, carcinoma of the pancreas, carcinoma of the stomach, ocular melanoma, and carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Prospective studies are planned to investigate the improved dose localization potential (helium) and the enhanced biologic and physical dose potential (carbon, neon) in a controlled trial against the best available megavoltage irradiation techniques.
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PMID:Current status of clinical particle radiotherapy at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. 677 94

This review analyzes 12,785 cases of pathologically confirmed brain tumors from three published subseries in the People's Republic of China (PRC). No major differences among these series (from different geographical locations) were found. The incidence of glioma was lower in the PRC than in the West, but higher than in Japan; the incidence of meningioma in the PRC was close to that reported from Japan, but lower than that in the West. In the PRC, neurinomas and pituitary adenomas were more frequent than in the West or Japan, and dysembryoplastic tumors seemed to be much more common than in the West or Japan. Metastasis of breast carcinoma to the brain was rare in the PRC. According to a statistical study of 4,059 cases, there were more brain tumors in males than in females (ratio, 1.7:1). Children compose 19% of the series, and elderly patients (over 55 years old) constitute 2.8%.
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PMID:Brain tumors in the People's Republic of China: a statistical review. 705 73

We have previously demonstrated that DNA of mouse fibroblasts transformed by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) induced foci of transformed cells when applied to monolayer cultures of NIH3T3 cells, which indicates that at least a part of this phenotype is encoded in DNA sequences. However, our conclusions were confined to the effects of DNAs of 3-MC-transformed mouse fibroblasts on recipient NIH3T3 cells, also of mouse fibroblast origin. To elucidate this phenomenon further, we have prepared DNAs from a series of mouse and non-mouse tumour lines of non-fibroblastic origin and investigated whether tumour transforming genes can act across tissue and species barriers to transform NIH3T3 cells. We find that DNAs obtained from human, rabbit and mouse bladder carcinoma lines, a lung carcinoma line and rat neuroblastoma and mouse glioma lines, are able to induce transformation of NIH3T3 cells on transfection.
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PMID:Transforming genes of carcinomas and neuroblastomas introduced into mouse fibroblasts. 720 18

Transplanted lines of seven F-344 (Fischer) rat malignant gliomas induced transplacentally with ethylnitrosourea (ENU) were surveyed by in vivo immunoprotection assays for the presence of tumour rejection antigens. These gliomas were representative of commonplace histological types of human primary brain tumours and were analyzed in early transplantation passages. The classical tumour ligation method of immunizing animals was attempted with five glioma lines, but was found unusable in four of these because of a high incidence of local tumour recurrences and distant metastases. In most experiments the animals were immunized by repeated inoculations of heavily-irradiated tumour cells. Two gliomas, a glioblastoma multiforms and a mixed astrocytoma-ependymoma, demonstrated weak but statistically significant tumour rejection responses. Immunization with three other tumours, a mixed oligodendroglioma-astrocytoma and two glioblastomas multiforme, led to enhanced outgrowth of the challenge cell inocula. Neither a rejection nor an enhancement response was observed in assays of the remaining two neoplasms, a glioblastoma multiforme and a mixed astrocytoma-oligodendroglioma. Immunization with a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced urinary bladder carcinoma line, used as a control in assays of six gliomas, had no effect on the outgrowth of transplanted glioma cells. These results suggest that ENU-induced malignant rat gliomas do not uniformly elicit strong tumour-rejection responses in vivo.
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PMID:A survey of ethylnitrosourea-induced rat gliomas for the presence of tumour rejection antigens expressed in vivo. 723 38

A case of frontal meningioma harbouring a metastasis from a previously treated breast carcinoma, and a case of metastatic carcinoma into a frontal glioma are reported.
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PMID:Metastasis of carcinoma to meningioma and glioma. 728 62

In search of tumor-associated components in human melanomas and gliomas, plasma membranes were isolated from these tumors and compared morphologically, biochemically and immunologically with those from normal human brain. The preparations exhibited a comparable ultrastructure of empty vesicles of various form and size. The melanoma membrane consisted of at least 15 protein components and the glioma membrane consisted of at least 24 protein components, four of which were absent in the membrane of normal tissue, as revealed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The four tumor-associated polypeptides could be solubilized together with a few other membrane components by the non-ionic detergent Triton-X100 and were used as an antigen source for immunologic characterization of melanoma and glioma membranes. A rabbit antiserum prepared against these solubilized membrane components from melanoma were absorbed with plasma membranes from a variety of normal tissue including erythrocytes, lymphocytes, spleen, liver, lung, kidney, placenta and brain. The absorbed antiserum reacted with the membrane extract of all the 11 melanomas tested so far; in addition it cross-reacted with an identically prepared extract from all the 15 gliomas tested. Membrane extracts from other tumors, such as kidney and mammary carcinoma, were negative in this respect. Furthermore, a rabbit antiserum prepared against Triton extract from glioma membranes yielded after exhaustive absorption an immune precipitate not only with the specimens from the 15 other gliomas but also with those from the 11 melanomas. Electrophoretic analysis of the immune precipitate formed by the immunoglobulin fraction of the absorbed rabbit antiserum and the Triton-X100 extract from melanoma membranes exhibited six polypeptide bands, two of which appear antigen-derived as they were missing in the profile of the immunoglobulin pattern. A comparable electrophoretic pattern was obtained with the immune precipitate of the glioma antigen specimen. The molecular weight of these two polypeptides was estimated on the basis of their electrophoretic mobility to be 55,000 and 10,000 daltons, respectively. The electrophoretic immunologic findings argue for a common membrane component in human melanoma and glioma patients. Using the Triton extract from melanoma membranes as an antigen source, precipitating antibodies could be detected in the immunoglobulin fraction of 16 of the 24 sera from melanoma patients and in that of 15 of the 23 glioma patients by means of counter-current electrophoresis. Sera from a variety of cancer patients with diseases other than melanoma or glioma as well as from patients without cancer were negative in this respect.
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PMID:Humoral immune response in melanoma and glioma patients: a solubilized melanoma-membrane component as a tool for detecting circulating antibodies. 729 90


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