Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical phase I/II studies have been performed at the Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research (SIN) since February 1982. Fifty-two out of 249 patients accepted for pion treatment by the end of 1986 were treated for malignant glioma with high dose pion irradiation. A substantial influence of their radioresistance was expected from increased radiation quality due to the contribution of high LET particles from pion capture, and by the possibility of target volume shaping and dose distribution related to the dynamic spot-scan conformation technique. The patients' treatment followed a dose escalation program with total doses from 2720-3420 cGy, fraction sizes from 170 to 205 cGy (90% isodose, minimum target dose), and treatment times from 4 to 5 weeks. 12/52 patients received an accelerated treatment with 3280 cGy in 14-22 days. 49/52 patients are eligible: 3 with astrocytoma of clinical aggressive behaviour, 14 with anaplastic astrocytoma (median age 42 years), and 32 patients with glioblastoma (median age 52 years). 8/49 patients had total/subtotal tumour resection, 19 patients a stereotactic biopsy. The patients were divided into three groups according to total dose, and a fourth group which received the accelerated treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in the median survival rate between the four groups, which was 13 months for the non-glioblastoma patients and 9 months for the glioblastoma patients. No radiation necrosis and no demyelination was found in 17 patients (6 recraniotomies, 11 autopsies). In 10/17 patients, clearly identifiable tumour cells were not demonstrated. NMR findings showed the tumour-surrounding oedema mostly stimulated by tumour necrosis and tumour progression. From these findings, further dose escalation programs, together with a shaping of the target volume close to the tumour, are not contraindicated.
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PMID:Anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma: pion irradiation with the dynamic conformation technique at the Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research (SIN). 210 74

The uptake of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) into human cerebral glioma was measured using a porphyrin extraction technique. Patients with cerebral glioma were injected with HpD at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight 24 hours before surgery and photoradiation therapy (PRT). Biopsies of tumor, and where possible, adjacent brain and normal brain were taken for analysis of HpD uptake. HpD was selectively localized into all grades of glioma, and there was a direct correlation between the grade of glioma and HpD level in the tumor. The levels were highest in glioblastoma multiforme (mean uptake of 5.9 micrograms of HpD/g of tumor wet weight) and lower in the intermediate-grade anaplastic astrocytoma (mean uptake of 2.4 micrograms/g of tumor) and the low-grade astrocytoma (1.6 micrograms/g of tumor). Uptake into normal brain tissue taken from HpD-sensitized patients was 0.2 microgram/g. HpD was also localized into the "brain adjacent to tumor" region. The selective uptake into the low-grade glioma suggests that PRT may be of use as an adjuvant therapy in these tumors and the detection of HpD in this region indicates that PRT may control the spread of tumor infiltrating into the adjacent normal brain.
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PMID:Selective uptake of hematoporphyrin derivative into human cerebral glioma. 213 4

we report a patient with Wallenberg's syndrome caused by glioma of the lateral medulla oblongata, and review the literature for Wallenberg's syndrome associated with neoplastic disease. A 46-year-old man was admitted because of progressive dysphagia and vertigo. Neurological examination revealed atypical symptoms and signs of Wallenberg's syndrome on the right side, hypalgesia on the second and third divisions of the left trigeminal nerve, paresis of the right palate and uvula, and ataxia of the right extremities. Although CT showed no abnormality in the posterior fossa, MRI demonstrated a mass with abnormal signal intensities in the right dorsolateral portion of the medulla. Biopsy specimens showed astrocytoma (grade III). Based on the present case and a review of 10 previously reported cases of Wallenberg's syndrome caused by neoplastic disease, the clinical features of this syndrome are characterized by gradual development and steady progression of symptoms, non-classical or atypical symptomatology, numerous additional symptoms and signs depending on the site and size of tumors, and poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome caused by a brain tumor--a case report and literature review]. 216 89

A malignant astrocytoma cell line TJ-8510 derived from temporoparietal astrocytoma Grade III was established. At present, it has survived for more than 34 months passaging through 220 generations. According to its features in cell kinetics, cytogenetics, morphology, biochemistry and heterotransplantation, it was still identified as malignant astrocytoma. This cell line may be useful in further research on glioma.
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PMID:[Establishment of a malignant astrocytoma cell line TJ-8510 and its characterization]. 216 20

Using in vitro techniques, we have shown that astrocytes do not increase the ouabain-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in cerebral endothelial cells. However, malignant astrocytoma cells when co-cultured with cerebral endothelial cells significantly enhance ouabain-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in cerebral endothelial cells. Also, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in cerebral endothelial cells co-cultured with malignant astrocytoma cells is inhibited by corticosteroids to the same degree as ouabain. These results suggest that brain edema associated with malignant glioma may in part be due to an increase in ouabain-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity at the blood-brain barrier and that the antiedema effects of corticosteroids may be due to a reduction in the activity of this enzyme.
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PMID:Glioma cell influence on cerebral endothelial cell Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase. 216 68

The present recovery rate of brain tumors (20% of solid tumors in children) is 50%. Besides the progress made in neurosurgery and radiotherapy, those of chemotherapy have indisputably had an impact on the improvement of the rate of recovery. Protocols in use differ according to the histologic type of the tumor (astrocytoma, glioma, medulloblastoma). Indications for therapeutic trials for phase II and III tumors will require a longer period of follow-up as well as strict analysis of the result.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of brain tumors in children]. 218 41

During the 3 years 1978-1980 146 adult patients with intracranial glioma were diagnosed in the Province of Uusimaa in southern Finland. The median survival of all patients was 15 months, of glioblastoma (n = 41) 5.1 months, of anaplastic astrocytoma (n = 29) 12.4 months, of benign grade I-II astrocytoma (n = 30) 93.5 months, of other glioma 82.9 months (n = 27), and of probable glioma 9.8 months (n = 19); 22 patients are still alive 8.9-11.9 years after diagnosis. The patients who were 15-44 years of age at the time of diagnosis survived 75.4 months in the median (n = 58), 45-64 years 10.5 months (n = 61) and 65 years or older 4.8 months (n = 27); 96 patients were operated, 89 received radiotherapy and 34 chemotherapy. According to the proportional hazards' model, follow-up time, age and histological type of tumor were statistically highly significant in explaining differences in survival.
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PMID:Therapy and survival of adult patients with intracranial glioma in a defined population. 222 Mar 13

We present a 24-year-old patient with multiple chondromas of both hands, the pelvis, the left leg, and an associated brain stem glioma. There was no evidence of hemangioma or dyschromia, and the condition was diagnosed as Ollier's disease, a special type of dyschondroplasia like Maffucci's syndrome and Kast's disease. An increased overall risk for development of malignant skeletal and nonskeletal tumors is associated with Maffucci's syndrome. The risk of malignant degeneration is lower in Ollier's disease. A glioma in the pons and the right lobe of the cerebellum was found in this patient. The literature describes an association with gliomas in only 12 cases of dyschondroplasia and an infratentorial localization in just one case. Signs of malignancy were histologically confirmed in 7 cases without significant preponderance of any one type. Our patient had a low-grade brain stem astrocytoma with fibrillar and gemistocytic components. A stereotactic serial biopsy made it possible to rule out malignant degeneration. Stereotactic brain tumor biopsy as a routine neurosurgical procedure is particularly valuable for deep space-occupying processes and forms the basis for therapy. In the present case, irradiation was not recommended.
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PMID:A case of dyschondroplasia associated with brain stem glioma: diagnosis by stereotactic biopsy. 223 48

Metastatic spreading of carcinoma into a pre-existing cerebral glioma is extremely rare and only a few well-documented cases have been reported in the literature. Here we report a 53-year-old man who at the age 49 was first operated on for a frontal astrocytoma (WHO-grade II). This tumour was completely resected and no post-operative radio- or chemotherapy was applied. About five years later the patient presented again with a large partially cystic space-occupying lesion at the same site, which pre-operatively appeared as a recurrence of the astrocytoma. Histologically, however, this tumour proved to be a metastatic adenocarcinoma into a recurrent astrocytoma. Further clinical examinations revealed a bronchial carcinoma as the primary lesion responsible for this unusual metastatis. The clinical and neuropathological findings of this interesting case including immunohistochemistry are presented and discussed.
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PMID:Metastatic adenocarcinoma in cerebral astrocytoma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study with review of the literature. 223 81

The reoperation of patients with recurrence of cerebral glioma is a technique offering survival with a good quality of life. The accepted criteria are a Karnofski index until reoperation greater than or equal to 70, young age, and a favourable histologic grade of tumor. NMR offers better sensitivity than other neuroimaging techniques for the detection of tumoral extension, local and at a distance, and allows a good tumoral resection. We report a patient with recurrence of a cerebral astrocytoma grade II with the criteria for reoperation, but when we performed NMR a dissemination of the tumor to the posterior fossa was seen, and reoperation was consequently counter-indicated. We discuss the mechanism of the extension of cerebral gliomas, the value of neuroimaging techniques and the role of reoperation in this context. We consider it necessary to perform NMR prior to reoperation in this special group of patients with a cerebral glioma recurrence.
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PMID:[Reintervention in gliomas: the necessity of nuclear magnetic resonance]. 224 70


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