Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 45 year-old male with a butterfly glioma received stereotactic biopsy for histologic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Microscopically, the results were controversial since some biopsy specimens showed distinct inflammatory changes, while others displayed typical features of a malignant glioma. The patient died four days after the stereotactic approach due to therapy-resistant intracranial pressure rise. In addition to a large butterfly glioblastoma originating from the frontal part of the corpus callosum, neuropathologic examination revealed a mycotic encephalitis with formation of numerous fungi-containing inflammatory foci in all parts of the brain and in the glioma. General autopsy disclosed pulmonary aspergillosis as the source of the inflammatory spread. A previous steroid medication over several weeks for treatment of increased intracranial pressure may be considered as an important factor in the origin of the pulmonary aspergillosis complicating the butterfly glioma.
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PMID:[Aspergillosis of the central nervous system in glioblastoma multiforme]. 165 90

Appropriate treatment for intracranial mass lesions depends upon accurate morphological diagnosis. In 47 of 360 patients the findings in stereotactically obtained tissue cylinders were compared with tumor resection (n = 38) or autopsy (n = 9) tissue material to define the accuracy of our stereotactic biopsy method. These biopsies were performed using the LEKSELL CT stereotactic frame and a spiral needle which procured about 10-mm-long tissue cylinders. Usually, three to four successive biopsy specimens were taken along the target trajectory placed through the whole lesion and its margins according to the CT imagings. Final morphological diagnosis was exclusively based on the histological findings of permanent paraffin sections. In 42 cases (89%), the histological results in biopsy and resection/autopsy tissue were identical, including mainly cases of low and high grade gliomas as well as some brain lymphomas, metastases, and cases of inflammatory brain lesions (aspergillosis, toxoplasmosis). In 3 patients with a diagnosis of brain lymphoma and low grade glioma on the basis of the surgical specimens, stereotactic biopsy revealed only unspecific reactive tissue changes. In two cases of the early part of the study, sampling errors occurred. This study provides evidence for the high diagnostic accuracy of the established stereotactic biopsy method which is characterized by representative tissue sampling and histological processing of the specimens.
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PMID:Accuracy of stereotactic brain tumor biopsy: comparison of the histologic findings in biopsy cylinders and resected tumor tissue. 203 Aug 27

A number of cytochrome P450s are targets for compounds that are clinically used or under clinical evaluation for treatment of patients with mycotic infections, such as dermatophytosis, superficial and systemic candidiasis, cryptococcosis and aspergillosis, with skin diseases, such as psoriasis or ichthyosis, and other retinoid-sensitive malignancies, e.g., neuro-ectodermal glioma. Some of the P450 inhibitors are candidates for the treatment of hirsutism or prostate cancer, others are potent inhibitors of the P450 isomerase involved in the synthesis of thromboxane A2, a potent platelet aggregation inducer and vasoconstrictor.
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PMID:P450 inhibitors of use in medical treatment: focus on mechanisms of action. 749 62

We compare the MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and MRSI (MR spectroscopic imaging) findings in a patient with intracerebral aspergillosis to those typically seen in an infiltrating high-grade glioma (HGG). We demonstrate paramagnetic areas of T2-hypointensity due to the pathologic deposition of iron and other paramagnetic elements seen in intracerebral aspergillosis. We also demonstrate the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings and discuss how MR spectroscopy can be useful in differentiating an aspergilloma from a high-grade glioma.
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PMID:Differentiating intracranial aspergillosis from a high grade glioma using MRI and MR spectroscopic imaging. 1789 31

Cerebral aspergillosis is a rare pathology of poor prognosis in spite of the use of adapted antifungal treatments. This infection of the central nervous system is generally the complication of an invasive aspergillosis with hematogenic scattering from pulmonary focal spots. It can arise in immunocompetent patients treated with prolonged corticotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for cancer. A case of lethal cerebral aspergillosis in a patient with an infiltrative glioma treated with corticotherapy and radiotherapy is reported. Clinicopathological aspects and therapeutic approach are described.
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PMID:Association between a Primitive Brain Tumor and Cerebral Aspergillosis. 2245 48

Mucormycosis and aspergillosis are two opportunistic fungal infections, which can evolve into life-threatening complications. They generally affect patients with relevant risk factors such as immunocompromisation or long-term use of antibiotics or corticosteroids. Treatment usually combines medical and surgical approaches, often including extended necrosectomies, although the prognosis of generalized fungal infections is very poor. In this paper, we present the case of a 17-year-old girl affected by combined aspergillosis and mucormycosis, following treatment of a recurrent glioma. The patient was hospitalized for a suspected cellulitis of the right hemi-face, involving frontal maxillary area and the upper airways and was immediately put on intravenous antibiotic therapies; after performing nasal septum and maxillary biopsies, concomitant mucormycosis and aspergillosis were diagnosed and antimycotic therapy with liposomal B-amphotericin was administered. After evaluation by the oral surgeon and otolaryngologist, surgical cranio-facial necrosectomy was suggested, but refused by the parents of the patient. The girl died only few days later, due to a respiratory arrest. Awareness of this pathology with prompt diagnosis and early treatment may improve the outcome of these infections and reduce the mortality.
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PMID:Combined Orofacial Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis: Fatal Complication of a Recurrent Paediatric Glioma-Case Report and Review of Literature. 2735 Mar 24

An elderly male was admitted to the Department of Neurology for slowly progressive dysarthria and right-sided atactic hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a small contrast-enhanced focus of malignant glioma in the left parietal lobe - with the growth pattern of cerebral gliomatosis - involving the whole left cerebral hemisphere, the corpus callosum, and spreading into the right frontal hemisphere. Diagnostic biopsy was deferred until the exclusion of other possible causes of the brain lesion. A follow-up brain MRI was planned in 6 weeks. In the interim, the patient was treated with dexamethasone, with mild improvement of the neurological symptoms. He was discharged home with a date for a follow-up brain MRI. One week later, the patient was readmitted due to a deterioration of speech and severe respiratory distress. The repeat brain MRI showed regression of contrast enhancement and no progression of the diffuse growth. Laboratory tests demonstrated tracheal candidiasis, invasive aspergillosis, and disseminated strongyloidiasis, including the brain. The patient rapidly deteriorated and died 11 days after the 2nd admission. The autopsy confirmed a small focus of glioblastoma in the left parietal lobe with the diffuse growth pattern of cerebral gliomatosis, laryngeal candidiasis, diffuse alveolar damage, with angioinvasive aspergillosis in the lungs and heart, and disseminated strongyloidiasis.
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PMID:Corticosteroid-induced immunodeficiency in a patient with gliomatosis cerebri: Are corticosteroids indicated in all brain tumors? 3096 31