Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017638 (glioma)
 30,880 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Evidence has shown that the major human vault protein (MVP), which is identical to lung resistance-related protein (LRP), may be causally involved in a special type of multidrug resistance (MDR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and cellular localization of MVP in cells derived from brain tumors and other tumors of neuroectodermal origin. Using both established cell lines (n = 22) and primary explants (n = 30), we show that a distinct overexpression of the MVP gene at the mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western blot) levels is a characteristic feature of cells derived from astrocytic brain tumors. Primary cultures obtained from meningioma specimens also expressed high MVP levels, in contrast to neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma cells, which rarely contained detectable amounts of MVP. Normal human astrocytes cultured in vitro expressed MVP, although at low amounts compared with most malignant cell types. Basal MVP expression correlated with resistance against diverse antineoplastic drugs including anthracyclins, cisplatin and etoposide. By Western blot, MVP was also detected in all tumor samples taken from 7 glioma and 3 meningioma patients. Taken together, these data suggest overexpression of MVP as one explanation for the low efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment of astrocytic brain tumors.
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PMID:Overexpression of the human major vault protein in astrocytic brain tumor cells. 1174 17

Tanshinone IIA is a derivative of phenanthrene-quinone isolated from Danshen, a widely used Chinese herbal medicine. It has antioxidant properties, cytotoxic activities against multiple human cancer cells, inducing apoptosis and differentiation of some human cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to confirm its anticancer activity on human glioma cells, and to elucidate mechanism of its activity. Human glioma cells were tested in vitro for cytotoxicity, colony formation inhibition, BrdU incorporation after treatment with tanshinone IIA. Its effect of apoptosis induction was detected through EB/AO staining, cell cycle analysis and the expressions of ADPRTL1 and CYP1A1 genes, the differentiation induction effect was investigated through morphology, mRNA and protein expressions of GFAP and nestin genes by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Tanshinone IIA demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on cell growth, IC(50) was 100 ng/ml, and it significantly inhibited colony formation and BrdU incorporation of human glioma cells. After treatment with 25-100 ng/ml of tanshinone IIA, the apoptotic cells increased significantly (P < 0.01), the cells in G(0)/G(1) phase increased (P < 0.01), and decreased in S phase, ADPRTL1 and CYP1A1 mRNA expression increased 1-2 folds. The cells treated with 100 ng/ml tanshinone IIA demonstrated astrocytes or neuron-like morphology, GFAP mRNA and protein expressions increased, nestin mRNA and protein expressions decreased significantly. The findings in this study suggested that tanshinone IIA exhibited strong effects on growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis and differentiation in human glioma cells. It might serve as a novel promising differentiation-inducing and/or therapeutic agent for human gliomas, and need to be investigated further.
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PMID:Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis and differentiation of tanshinone IIA in human glioma cells. 1695 20

Despite improved knowledge and advanced treatments of gliomas, the overall survival rate for glioma patients remains low. Gliomas comprise of significant cell heterogeneity that contains a large number of multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes and cancer stem cells (CSCs), a combination that may contribute to the resistance to treatment. This article reviews the MDR related genes, major-vault protein (MVP), anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) and the molecular mechanisms that may contribute to chemoresistance, in addition to the upregulated MDR phenotypes present in CSCs that has recently been identified in gliomas. Moreover, future potential therapies that modulate MDR phenotypes and CSCs are also reviewed. An improved understanding of MDR may lead to a combined treatment, targeting both CSCs and their protective MDR phenotypes leading eventually to attractive strategies for the treatment of gliomas.
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PMID:Chemoresistance in gliomas. 1825 41