Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive glioma, characterized by brain invasion capability. Being very resistant to the current therapies, since even under treatment, surgery, and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), patients achieve a median survival of one year. In the search for more effective therapies, new molecules have been designed. For nervous system cancers, molecules able to cross the blood-brain barrier are handled with priority. Accordingly, tacrine was chosen for this study and the inclusion of spiro-heterocyclic rings was done in its structure resulting in new compounds. Cytotoxic activity of tacrine derivatives was assayed using glioblastoma cell line (SF295) as well as analyzing cell death mechanism. Increased caspases activities were observed, confirming apoptosis as cell death type. Some derivatives also increased reactive oxygen species formation and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, compounds acted on several glioblastoma-related proteins including p53, HLA-DR, beta-catenin, Iba-1, MAP2c, Olig-2, and IDH1. Therefore, tacrine derivatives presented promising results for the development of new glioblastoma therapy, particularly to treat those patients resistant to TMZ.
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PMID:Tacrine derivatives stimulate human glioma SF295 cell death and alter important proteins related to disease development: An old drug for new targets. 2970 27

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive brain tumor. Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that GBM segregates into three subgroups with characteristic signaling pathways. The Wnt pathway recently received increasing attention with the recognition of its importance in tumor development and recurrence through the promotion of glioma stem cells. As an extension of our previous translational studies, here we tested the possible interactions between key subgroup markers (IDH-1 R132H, EGFRvIII and both cytoplasmic and nuclear loss [c-/n-] of NF-1 expression) and the canonical (Wnt3a and beta-catenin) and non-canonical (Wnt5a and Fzd2) Wnt pathway markers by immunohistochemistry. These analyses revealed increased expression levels of both Wnt pathway markers with significant quantitative differences within, but not among subgroups. Wnt5a and Fzd2 levels were higher than the canonical marker levels in all subgroups. The strongest evidence for correlation between expression levels of the EGFRvIII subgroup marker and the Fzd2 Wnt marker was found, but weaker correlations also could be noted for IDH-1 R132H and NF-1 and some Wnt markers. The correlations detected between markers of the canonical and non-canonical pathways raised the possibility of cross-talk between the two pathways. Analyses of tumors with various NF-1 expression patterns (c+/n-; c-/n+ combined with c+/n+, and c-/n-) revealed that aberrant nuclear accumulation of NF-1 is accompanied by nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin, suggesting that they may act synergistically to define the tumor's biology. Altogether, our study presents expression characteristics of Wnt ligands and receptors, and suggests complex molecular interactions in subgroups of GBM.
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PMID:Wnt pathway markers in molecular subgroups of glioblastoma. 3107 60

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant astrocytic glioma, accounting for about 90% of all brain tumors with poor prognosis. Despite recent advances in understanding molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis and the improved neuroimaging technologies, surgery, and adjuvant treatments, the clinical prognosis of patients with GBM remains persistently unfavorable. The signaling pathways and the regulation of growth factors of glioblastoma cells are very abnormal. The various signaling pathways have been suggested to be involved in cellular proliferation, invasion, and glioma metastasis. The Wnt signaling pathway with its pleiotropic functions in neurogenesis and stem cell proliferation is implicated in various human cancers, including glioma. In addition, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is closely related to growth, metabolism, survival, angiogenesis, autophagy, and chemotherapy resistance of GBM. Understanding the mechanisms of GBM's invasion, represented by invasion and migration, is an important tool in designing effective therapeutic interventions. This review will investigate two main signaling pathways in GBM: PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways.
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PMID:Wnt/beta-catenin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma: Two Main Targets for Drug Design: A Review. 3200 85


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