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Query: UMLS:C0017636 (glioblastoma)
 18,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The age-specific incidence pattern for tumors of the brain and cranial meninges in Connecticut over a 30-year period shows an early peak followed by a taller and sharper peak with a maximum in the 55-65 year age group. This overall curve reflects the pattern shown for glioblastoma, the tumor accounting for the majority of the histologically confirmed cases. The reported rates are probably underestimates of the actual rates. The various histologic types of brain tumors reveal sufficiently distinct epidemiologic patterns to be considered as separate diseases.
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PMID:The descriptive epidemiology of primary intracranial neoplasms: the Connecticut experience. 98 24

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), a tumor most often presenting superficially over the cerebral hemisphere of young subjects, has certain morphological similarities to fibrous histiocytoma (or fibrous xanthoma) of the meninges and brain, namely the occurrence of lipid-laden neoplastic cells and, frequently, a dense reticulin fiber network. The detection of glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein in the tumor cells helped to establish its astrocytic derivation, but it has been advanced that, in spite of this agreed observation, the tumor should still be regarded as a fibrous xanthoma of meningeal origin. Although many patients have a long symptom-free postoperative survival, local recurrences at varying intervals after surgery have been noted in some instances. Weldon-Linne et al. first reported that such a recurrence had the morphology of a small-cell glioblastoma. We are reporting three further examples of locally recurrent neoplasms in patients whose original meningocerebral tumors had the typical features of PXA; the recurrences (developing 7 months, 7 years and 15 years, respectively, after surgery) were small-cell glioblastomas. The rich reticulin network present in the initial tumor was mostly lost in the recurrences. This anaplastic evolution further confirms the astrocytic nature of the PXA.
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PMID:Histopathological features of recurrent pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas: further corroboration of the glial nature of this neoplasm. A study of 3 cases. 281

An autopsy case is described of an 66-year-old man with multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology, i.e. protoplasmic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Enhanced CT scan revealed three separate lesions in the right cerebral hemisphere, pons, and cerebellar vermis. Initial diagnosis by CT included metastatic and primary brain tumor, multiple abscess, fungal infection, parasites, tuberculoma, and so on. Biopsy of the right frontal mass revealed astrocytoma grade-2. An autopsy revealed gelatinous, clear marginal mass in the right frontal, parietooccipital and cerebellar vermis; an opaque marginal mass with necrosis in dorsal pons was found. At microscopic examination, the right frontal tumor exhibited continuity with both the paraventricular and the right parietooccipital tumor. The right cerebral hemisphere and cerebellar vermis tumors showed protoplasmic astrocytoma; the dorsal pons tumor showed glioblastoma. CSF examination revealed no tumor cells. Tumor invasion of the internal capsule and the meninges was also not found. Accordingly, we diagnosed as multicentric astrocytoma of multiple histopathology. Only 11 case reports of multicentric glioma were recorded in Japan; only one of which was of multiple histopathology. Worldwide, only 7 case reports of multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology were recorded; this is the first case of protoplasmic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. Seen in terms of pathogenesis of multicentric glioma, this case is thought to be very interesting.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of multicentric glioma of multiple histopathology]. 332 31

Critical Evaluation of 200 tumours of meninges, brain and spinal cord showed that to be familiar with the ultrastructural features of meningioma and its variants was instrumental in differential diagnosis of other primary or secondary meningeal tumours (neurinoma, paraganglioma, xanthomatous and histiocytic tumours). A limited value of electron microscopy was found in astrocytoma and glioblastoma in contrast to its importance in low-differentiated ependymoma and oligodendroglioma. The examination had histogenetical and taxonomic values in medulloblastoma (CNS neuroblastoma and mixed tumours with a component featuring primitive neuroectodermal or neuroblastic differentiation). Ultrastructure was very important in the so-called primitive neuroectodermal CNS tumours where only the lack of conspicuous glial or neuroblastic differentiation confirmed the diagnosis. Electron microscopy was instrumental in rare primary CNS lymphomas as well as in some metastatic tumours.
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PMID:[Contribution of electron microscopy in the differential diagnosis of tumors of the meninges, brain and spinal cord]. 373 Dec 97

A case of glioblastoma arising in the pons of a 14-year-old boy in whom transsynaptic degeneration was found in the inferior olivary nucleus is reported. The tumor occupied most of the pons including the tegmental tract and invaded into the midbrain, medulla oblongata, cerebellar peduncles, thalamus, basal ganglia, and meninges. The right inferior olivary nucleus was devoid of the tumorous lesion, but many neurons were severely vacuolated. An immunohistochemical study using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and S-100 protein was performed. GFAP and S-100 protein were positive in the reactive glia of the nucleus and NSE gave a faint reaction in some degenerated neurons. These degenerative changes found in neurons of the inferior olivary nucleus were considered to be transsynaptic degeneration due to the destruction of the tegmental tract at the pons and of cerebellar peduncles by invasive pontine glioblastoma.
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PMID:Transsynaptic degeneration in the inferior olivary nucleus associated with pontine glioblastoma. 409 Sep 81

Tumours of the nervous system of animals are not as rare as has been commonly believed. In dogs, especially the brachycephalic breeds, these tumours occur as frequently as in man. The tumours are grouped according to tissue of origin as follows: nerve cells, neuroepithelium, glia, peripheral nerves and nerve sheaths, meninges and vessels, the pineal and pituitary glands, and the craniopharyngeal duct. Tumours of the glia are relatively common and are divided into the following types: astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma, spongioblastoma, medulloblastoma, and unclassified gliomas.
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PMID:Tumours of the nervous system. 437 39

The authors present a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) involving a thoracolumbar myelomeningocele. The patient died of metastases 11 months after diagnosis, in spite of extensive surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Meningeal involvement by MFH is very rare; 11 additional cases are reviewed. Glial fibrillary acidic protein staining is critical for proper histological diagnosis, as this tumor can be easily confused with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma or glioblastoma involving the meninges. Malignant degeneration within a myelomeningocele is also very rare. Eight additional cases from the literature are reviewed. Our case is the only one with MFH. Chronic irritation to the unrepaired congenital defect appears to be a key to the development of the malignancy. Prophylactic repair in infancy might prevent the occurrence of malignant degeneration.
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PMID:Meningeal malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from a thoracolumbar myelomeningocele. Case report. 629 83

In 80 specimens of human glioma the production of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by tumour cells invading meninges or connective tissue was studied immuno-cytochemically by the PAP technique. In 38 of 55 cases of astrocytoma, glioblastoma, gliosarcoma, and oligoastrocytoma, GFAP immunoreactivity was greater in the invading cells as compared with the main part of the neoplasm. Fifty-eight percent of the astroglial tumours invading the leptomeninges, all astroglial tumours invading connective tissue and all gliosarcomas showed enhanced GFAP immuno-reactivity of tumour cells getting in contact with collagenous tissue, whereas meningeal infiltrates of 25 non-astroglial tumours (oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma) remained GFAP-negative like the main part of the respective tumours. In the majority of astroglial tumours an increase of GFAP immunoreactivity was found also in perivascular cells of the main part of the tumour. It is concluded that glioma cells are capable of adapting their cytoskeleton to their micro-environment. Contact with dense collagenous tissue appears as an important factor able to induce an increased production of GFAP by adjacent glial cells.
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PMID:Production of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by neoplastic cells: adaptation to the microenvironment. 639 Oct 69

We report two cases of a recently isolated variety of astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, affecting the cerebral cortex and meninges of children and young adults. The first tumor was localized in the left frontal lobe of a 9-year-old girl. The second appeared in the right parietal lobe of a 14-year-old girl. Both tumors displayed a pleomorphic cellular proliferation, with spindle-shaped and bizarre multinucleated giant cells, some positive for neutral lipids, with a prominent reticulin network and areas highly suggestive of malignant fibrohistiocytomas (fibroxanthosarcomas). The glial fibrillary acidic protein was demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase method in the cytoplasm of the giant and the spindle cells. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the glial nature of the tumor. This type of tumor seems to carry a much better prognosis than other tumors from which it has to be separated, e.g., glioblastoma and meningeal sarcomas.
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PMID:Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: a report of two cases. 668 96

Among the 54946 post-mortem examinations carried out by the Pathological Institute of the Medical Academy of Erfurt in the years 1953 to 1976 with a total of 1491 DNS-tumours (2.7%), the temporal lobe was involved in the following 10 types of tumours: glioblastoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, plexus papilloma, tumour-like gliosis, sarcoma, angioma and angioblastoma, epidermoid tumour, teratoma. Only tumours that had formed in the cerebral tissue proper were evaluated, so that meningiomas and other tumours of the meninges or tumours of the meninges in the middle cranial fossa were left out of consideration. In a total of 949 cases of the above mentioned 10 tumours types, the temporal lobe was involved in 327 (34.5%) cases; these were mainly astrocytomas and glioblastomas (86.5%). Only 63 of the 327 tumours (19.3%) were exclusively located in the temporal lobe. The age peak of the occurrence of temporal lobe tumours was in the 6th decennium. The male showed with 55.4 per cent a slightly greater incidence. CLinically, the left-sided temporal lobe tumours with 79 per cent of the observations were found more frequently than the right-sided ones (67%). Accordingly, left-sided tumours were operated on more frequently (49%) than tumours on the right-hand side (40%).
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PMID:[Localization of brain tumors in autopsy. Part I: Tumors of the temporal lobe]. 734 Mar 11


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